Article
Pediatrics
Fleur Cour-Andlauer, Aurelie Portefaix, Isabelle Wroblewski, Muriel Rabilloud, Fabienne Bordet, Berengere Cogniat, Capucine Didier, Robin Pouyau, Frederic V. Valla, Behrouz Kassai-Koupai, Gaelle Simeon, Tiphanie Ginhoux, Sonia Courtil-Teyssedre, Etienne Javouhey
Summary: In a population of pediatric patients with severe brain injury, ONSD measurement was unable to predict the occurrence of ICH within 24 hours. The severity of patients, timing, and conditions of measurements may explain these results.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Livio Vitiello, Maddalena De Bernardo, Luigi Capasso, Palmiro Cornetta, Nicola Rosa
Summary: Ultrasonographic measurement of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is a valuable method to identify increased intracranial pressure (ICP), but clear cut-off values are necessary. This review provides an overview of optic nerve ultrasound normal values assessment in the past 30 years, showing that ocular ultrasonography is a valuable diagnostic tool, but conflicting results were found due to different ultrasound protocols. Combining B-scan with standardized A-scan approach could provide more accurate and reliable ultrasound evaluation.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Maddalena De Bernardo, Livio Vitiello, Ilaria De Pascale, Luigi Capasso, Palmiro Cornetta, Nicola Rosa
Summary: Ocular ultrasonography is a reliable technique for diagnosing idiopathic intracranial hypertension in a fast and non-invasive way, allowing for the assessment of optic nerve indices.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Maddalena De Bernardo, Livio Vitiello, Martina De Luca, Aniello La Marca, Nicola Rosa
Summary: This review provides an overview of the use of optic nerve ultrasound evaluation to detect intracranial pressure changes during surgical procedures, and discusses the limitations of the B-scan technique. The results show that ocular ultrasonography is a valuable diagnostic tool in the surgical setting for indirectly assessing intracranial pressure.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Jinqiao Sheng, Qi Li, Tingting Liu, Xiaofei Wang
Summary: This article reviews the important role of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the central nervous system, with a focus on the optic nerve. Imaging technologies for visualizing CSF dynamics and the latest advances in computational models for predicting CSF flow patterns are highlighted.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Francis Deng, Katherine L. Reinshagen, Matthew D. Li, Amy F. Juliano
Summary: MRI of the orbit with eyes open and focused can reduce motion artifact in the anterior segment of the optic nerve compared to when eyes are closed, indicating the importance of eye positioning during imaging for optimal assessment.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
David Berhanu, Joana Cardoso Ferreira, Luis Abegao Pinto, Diana Aguiar de Sousa, Lia Lucas Neto, Joana Tavares Ferreira
Summary: Ultrasonographic optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) demonstrates high diagnostic accuracy for increased intracranial pressure (IICP), with both high sensitivity and specificity. Larger cut-off values significantly increase specificity without compromising sensitivity. Ultrasonographic ONSD can serve as a screening tool for IICP, providing an estimate of when invasive methods are needed.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Giulia Abbinante, Livio Vitiello, Alessia Coppola, Giulio Salerno, Vincenzo Gagliardi, Alfonso Pellegrino
Summary: Managing neurocritical illness in children requires monitoring and treating increased intracranial pressure. The use of the standardized A-scan technique coupled with the B-scan technique should be suggested to provide accurate and objective data.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Mary E. Sterrett, Brittany Austin, Ryan M. Barnes, Eugene Y. Chang
Summary: This study found no significant relative risk of elevated optic nerve sheath diameter between patients with severe preeclampsia and non-preeclamptic patients.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2022)
Article
Biology
Lindy Trollip, Kerry Alberto, Aubrey Makgotloe
Summary: Ultrasonographic optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurement is an accurate and portable method for detecting raised intracranial pressure. This study found that the mean ONSD in healthy Black South African adults was significantly higher than that in a Canadian adult population. Age, gender, and co-morbidities were not found to significantly correlate with ONSD.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tsun-Kang Chiang, Kayla Marie White, Shree K. Kurup, Minzhong Yu
Summary: It is important for clinicians to consider exposure to toxic substances and nutritional deficiencies when diagnosing and managing cases of vision loss. Electrophysiologic tests can aid in the early detection of functional changes to visual pathway components. This review provides an overview of various electrophysiologic techniques in monitoring retinal and optic nerve toxicities.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Babak N. Safa, A. Thomas Read, C. Ross Ethier
Summary: ONH biomechanics plays a central role in glaucoma pathogenesis. By conducting micromechanical testing and finite element modeling on porcine ONH tissue samples, this study provided detailed descriptions of ONH viscoelastic properties and identified a dual mechanism of fluid flow and solid matrix viscoelasticity in the mechanical response of ONH. The obtained properties can be utilized for designing ex vivo test environments and understanding glaucoma pathophysiology.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael S. Salman, Shakhawat Hossain, Elizabeth Carson, Chelsea A. Ruth, Ian H. Clark
Summary: The research investigated BCVA outcomes in patients with ONH/SOD and found that the BCVA changed slightly over time, but the changes were small and of doubtful clinical significance. The most affected eyes showed a mild worsening of BCVA, possibly due to amblyopia, while the lesser or equally affected eyes showed a mild improvement, possibly due to developmental maturation. The changes in BCVA may also be attributed to the increasing reliability of visual assessments with age.
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Casey J. Keuthan, Julie A. Schaub, Meihan Wei, Weixiang Fang, Sarah Quillen, Elizabeth Kimball, Thomas V. Johnson, Hongkai Ji, Donald J. Zack, Harry A. Quigley
Summary: The level of intraocular pressure (IOP) is a major risk factor for glaucomatous optic neuropathy. This study found that the unmyelinated optic nerve region is differentially susceptible to IOP-induced damage compared to the myelinated region. Gene expression patterns in the unmyelinated optic nerve showed significant differences compared to the myelinated optic nerve and retina. Changes in gene expression induced by optic nerve injury were more extensive in the myelinated region than the unmyelinated region.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Guillermo Trocha, Andres Bonilla, Camilo Romero, Jonathan Palacios, Nicolas Molano-Gonzalez
Summary: Measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is a rapid, safe, and easy method for detecting increased intracranial pressure. This study aimed to obtain the mean ONSD in a healthy Colombian adult population and correlate it with demographic and anthropometric measures. The results showed that the ultrasound-measured ONSD in healthy adults in Colombia is similar to worldwide findings, with an upper limit of 5.5 mm.