Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luca Marsili, Samuel Marcucci, Joseph LaPorta, Martina Chirra, Alberto J. Espay, Carlo Colosimo
Summary: Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) can manifest as various clinical syndromes of the central nervous system. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improving the long-term outcome of these conditions.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raluca Ioana Teleanu, Adelina-Gabriela Niculescu, Eugenia Roza, Oana Vladacenco, Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu, Daniel Mihai Teleanu
Summary: This paper describes the role of neurotransmitters and their link to relevant neurological conditions. It also provides an overview of detection methods and considerations for modulating neurotransmitters to restore homeostasis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Jing Yan, Xiaole Tang, Zhi-qiang Zhou, Jie Zhang, Yilin Zhao, Shiyong Li, Ailin Luo
Summary: SIRTs are a class of NAD+-dependent deacylases that regulate cell functions. CNS decline leads to impaired cognitive and social abilities, so understanding potential targets to promote CNS homeostasis is crucial.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Lingling Xu, Yao Yao
Summary: This review discusses the anatomical location and molecular markers of fibroblast-like cells in the CNS, their functions in CNS development and neurological disorders, and current challenges and future directions in the field of research on CNS fibroblast-like cells.
Article
Immunology
Maryam Hatami, Moritz Foerster, Vivien Weyers, Saskia Raeuber, Sven G. Meuth, David Kremer
Summary: This study reports the first case of neuromyotonia with active Gadolinium enhancing demyelinating central nervous system lesions following vaccination with Gardasil((R)).
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Daiva Radzisauskiene, Monika Vitkauskaite, Karolina Zvinyte, Ruta Mameniskiene
Summary: The study described a case series of influenza A-associated neurological complications, with a low incidence rate of influenza-associated neurological complications in hospitalized patients in 2019 at 1.9%. The findings suggest that during influenza epidemics, patients with unexplained neurological symptoms resembling aseptic and septic meningitis/encephalitis should be tested for influenza virus.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Zi-Han Geng
Summary: The GI tract plays a crucial role in maintaining the stable intestinal microenvironment and its microbiota may have potential impacts on neurological diseases. However, the causal relationship between microbial changes and neurological disorders remains inconclusive at present.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Jessica L. Mueller, Rhian Stavely, Ryo Hotta, Allan M. Goldstein
Summary: With the increasing prevalence of neurological disorders in an aging population, there is a critical need to better understand exogenous strategies for nervous system repair. Stem cell therapy offers a promising approach, but is limited by various factors. Researchers propose the use of autologous cells derived from the peripheral nervous system as an alternative source for CNS repair, which has shown neurogenic potential and eliminates concerns around tumorigenic risk, ethical considerations, and immune-mediated rejection.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Daniela Nogueira Rocha, Eva Daniela Carvalho, Joao Bettencourt Relvas, Maria Jose Oliveira, Ana Paula Pego
Summary: This article explores the importance of mechanotransduction in the central nervous system (CNS) and its role in CNS pathology. It highlights the influence of the extracellular matrix's biochemical and biophysical components on cell behavior. Integrating mechanical properties into our understanding of CNS disease at a molecular level is crucial, as alterations in tissue mechanical properties are common in neurological diseases. Therefore, understanding CNS mechanotransduction pathways could lead to improvements in medical devices, diagnostic methods, and therapeutic strategies for CNS repair.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Simon Rinaldi, Alexander Davies, Janev Fehmi, Heidi N. Beadnall, Justine Wang, Todd A. Hardy, Michael H. Barnett, Simon A. Broadley, Patrick Waters, Stephen W. Reddel, Sarosh R. Irani, Fabienne Brilot, Russell C. Dale, Sudarshini Ramanathan
Summary: Antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) are associated with CNS demyelination including optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. The study of an Australasian MOGAD cohort revealed a subgroup possibly mediated by coexistent autoantibodies, presenting with myeloradiculitis, combined central and peripheral demyelination syndromes, and inflammatory neuropathies, being responsive to immunotherapy.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Xun Zhang, Jie Zhou, Zhongwei Gu, Hu Zhang, Qiyong Gong, Kui Luo
Summary: Despite advancements in medical services and lifespan, there has been a sharp increase in CNS disorders, posing challenges in diagnosis and delivery of diagnostic agents, especially across the blood-brain barrier. The use of nanomaterials is seen as a promising strategy to address these challenges, but further development is needed to overcome current obstacles in CNS diagnostics.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Brandon Conklin, Brian M. Conley, Yannan Hou, Meizi Chen, Ki-Bum Lee
Summary: Inorganic nanomaterials have the potential to detect biomarkers and deliver therapeutic agents for the treatment of diseases and inflammation. By tuning the properties of these nanomaterials, different types of cells in the central nervous system can be monitored, modulated, or further studied to understand underlying disease mechanisms.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Waiting Tai, Philip Chi Lip Kwok
Summary: This article compares pulmonary delivery to three other common routes (parenteral, oral, and intranasal) for delivering drugs to the central nervous system. It discusses the strengths of pulmonary delivery and suggests future research directions.
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG DELIVERY
(2022)
Review
Virology
Jia-Mei Liu, Bai-Hong Tan, Shuang Wu, Yue Gui, Jia-Le Suo, Yan-Chao Li
Summary: This review provides strong evidence for SARS-CoV-2 infection of the central nervous system, shedding light on the neurological mechanism underlying the lethality of the infection.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Boyi Zong, Fengzhi Yu, Xiaoyou Zhang, Yige Pang, Wenrui Zhao, Peng Sun, Lin Li
Summary: Since the discovery of the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel in 2010, research has been conducted to explore its role in various organ systems. Recent evidence links the activity of Piezo1 channel to the central nervous system. This review systematically summarizes current research on the channel, its implications for central nervous system mechanobiology, and its involvement in disorders.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Letter
Emergency Medicine
Guy D. Eslick, Carlos Nunez, Elizabeth J. Elliott
ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Virology
Shannon E. Ronca, Sarah M. Gunter, Rebecca Berry Kairis, Allison Lino, Jonathan Romero, Robia G. Pautler, Alan Nimmo, Kristy O. Murray
Summary: This study found a correlation between substance P and its receptor Neurokinin-1 in West Nile neuroinvasive disease. Blocking this interaction from disease onset modestly improved survival and prolonged time to death. The study has important implications for the development of new therapeutic options.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kristy O. Murray, Miguel A. Saldana, Sarah M. Gunter, Russell Manzanero, Emily Zielinski-Gutierrez, Claudia Herrera, Julie M. Thompson, Adrianna Maliga, Kim Bautista, Allison Lino, Ella Hawes, Shannon E. Ronca, Francis Morey, Rafael Chacon Fuentes, Beatriz Lopez, Eric Dumonteil, Gerhaldine H. Morazan
Summary: In January 2020, acute febrile illness surveillance was conducted in 11 hospitals and clinics across Belize, leading to the diagnosis of the first known case of acute Chagas infection in the country. Molecular analysis revealed a multiclonal Trypanosoma cruzi infection and the presence of Triatoma species vectors in the patient's home. The case was confirmed through seroconversion and successfully treated.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Carlos Nunez, Guy D. Eslick, Elizabeth J. Elliott
Summary: This study analyzed the injuries caused by toppling televisions in children and found that children under 6 years old are more likely to sustain head and neck injuries, require hospital treatment, and even die or be admitted to the intensive care unit. Strategies for injury prevention should include community education, promotion and use of tip restraint devices, mandatory safety standards, and manufacturers' commitment to improving TV stability.
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Eric J. Nilles, Cecilia Then Paulino, Michael de St Aubin, William Duke, Petr Jarolim, Isaac Miguel Sanchez, Kristy O. Murray, Colleen L. Lau, Emily Zielinski Gutierrez, Ronald Skewes Ramm, Marietta Vasquez, Adam Kucharski
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Letter
Pediatrics
Brian U. Varisco, Sherin Devaskar, Kristy Murray, Tina Cheng
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Bonnie E. Gulas-Wroblewski, Rodion Gorchakov, Rebecca B. Kairis, Robert C. Dowler, Kristy O. Murray
Summary: Chagas disease is a neglected tropical disease that affects millions of people in the Americas. This study investigated the prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in wild skunks in Texas, United States, and found varying infection rates among different skunk species. The results highlight the potential risk of skunks in the transmission of the parasite and provide important baseline data for future surveillance and conservation efforts.
VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Carlos Nunez, Anne Morris, Elizabeth J. Elliott
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Lauren J. Rice, Lisa Cannon, Navin Dadlani, Melissa Mei Yin Cheung, Stewart L. Einfeld, Daryl Efron, David R. Dossetor, Elizabeth J. Elliott
Summary: A better understanding of the endocannabinoid system has increased interest in using cannabinoid-based products (CBP) for neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders in children and adolescents. However, a systematic review found limited and poor-quality evidence for the efficacy of CBP in these conditions. Larger and rigorous randomized controlled trials are needed to provide more reliable clinical guidance.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Adrian Gervais, Francesca Rovida, Maria Antonietta Avanzini, Stefania Croce, Astrid Marchal, Shih-Ching Lin, Alessandro Ferrari, Christian W. Thorball, Orianne Constant, Tom Le Voyer, Quentin Philippot, Jeremie Rosain, Micol Angelini, Malena Perez Lorenzo, Lucy Bizien, Cristian Achille, Francesca Trespidi, Elisa Burdino, Irene Cassaniti, Daniele Lilleri, Chiara Fornara, Jose Camilla Sammartino, Danilo Cereda, Chiara Marrocu, Antonio Piralla, Chiara Valsecchi, Stefano Ricagno, Paola Cogo, Olaf Neth, Ines Marin-Cruz, Monia Pacenti, Alessandro Sinigaglia, Marta Trevisan, Andrea Volpe, Antonio Marzollo, Francesca Conti, Tiziana Lazzarotto, Andrea Pession, Pierluigi Viale, Jacques Fellay, Stefano Ghirardello, Melodie Aubart, Valeria Ghisetti, Alessandro Aiuti, Emmanuelle Jouanguy, Paul Bastard, Elena Percivalle, Fausto Baldanti, Anne Puel, Margaret R. MacDonald, Charles M. Rice, Giada Rossini, Kristy O. Murray, Yannick Simonin, Anna Nagy, Luisa Barzon, Laurent Abel, Michael S. Diamond, Aurelie Cobat, Shen-Ying Zhang, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Alessandro Borghesi
Summary: Gervais et al. found that auto-antibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) and pre-existing infection are responsible for 40% cases of West Nile virus (WNV) encephalitis. These auto-antibodies can neutralize the protective effect of type I IFNs against WNV in blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples. The prevalence of these auto-antibodies is the highest in patients with encephalitis (around 40%), while the prevalence in individuals with silent WNV infection is as low as that in the general population. These findings highlight the role of auto-antibodies neutralizing IFN-α and/or IFN-ω in the development of WNV encephalitis.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Alexander J. Sandweiss, Timothy A. Erickson, Yike Jiang, Varun Kannan, Jonathan M. Yarimi, Jesse M. Levine, Kristen Fisher, Eyal Muscal, Gail Demmler-Harrison, Kristy O. Murray, Shannon E. Ronca
Summary: This study found that Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor autoimmune encephalitis (NMDAR AE) may be caused by post-herpes simplex virus-1 meningoencephalitis (HSV ME) and ovarian teratomas. HSV ME was more common in the experimental group than in the control group with idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Recent Epstein-Barr virus infection was also observed more in experimental patients, providing evidence for a genuine measure of effect.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Virology
Emna Benzarti, Kristy O. Murray, Shannon E. Ronca
Summary: This article provides an up-to-date review of cytokine expression patterns in human and experimental animal models of West Nile virus (WNV) infections. Cytokines play a critical role in inflammation and immunity during and after WNV infection, with some offering protection and assisting with viral clearance, while others contributing to neuropathogenesis and immune-mediated tissue damage.
Article
Pediatrics
Teresia M. O'Connor, Milenka Cuevas Guaman, Kimberly A. Randell, Heather T. Keenan, Jessica Snowden, Jennifer W. Mack, Elizabeth A. Camp, Oriana Perez, Michael L. Chang, Angela L. Myers, Lise E. Nigrovic, Jennifer O'Toole, Jennifer L. Reed, Jennifer Reese, Abby R. Rosenberg, Anne C. Slater, Susan H. Wootton, Sonja I. Ziniel, H. Joseph Yost, Kristy O. Murray, Lara Shekerdemian, Corrie E. Chumpitazi
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on the work productivity of pediatric faculty, especially those with caregiving responsibilities. Mitigation strategies are needed to minimize the long-term impacts on academic pediatric career pathways.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Eric J. Nilles, Michael de St Aubin, Devan Dumas, William Duke, Marie Caroline Etienne, Gabriela Abdalla, Petr Jarolim, Timothy Oasan, Salome Garnier, Naomi Iihoshi, Beatriz Lopez, Lucia de la Cruz, Yosanly Cornelio Puello, Margaret Baldwin, Kathryn W. Roberts, Farah Pena, Kara Durski, Isaac Miguel Sanchez, Sarah M. Gunter, Alexander R. Kneubehl, Kristy O. Murray, Allison Lino, Sarah Strobel, Amado Alejandro Baez, Colleen L. Lau, Adam Kucharski, Emily Zielinski Gutierrez, Ronald Skewes-Ramm, Marietta Vasquez, Cecilia Then Paulino
Summary: To assess the changes in SARS-CoV-2 spike binding antibody prevalence and its implications for immunologic protection against variants of concern, a prospective study was conducted in the Dominican Republic from March 2021 to August 2022, involving 2,300 patients with undifferentiated febrile illnesses. Serum samples were tested for spike antibodies and nasopharyngeal samples were tested for acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study found that geometric mean spike antibody titers significantly increased over time, and higher antibody levels were associated with reduced odds of acute infection, regardless of the viral strain. The combination of serologic and virologic screening could help monitor population immunologic markers and their impact on emerging variant transmission.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Ellaina Andersson, Cari Mcilduff, Karen M. T. Turner, Emily Carter, Marmingee Hand, Sue Thomas, Jadnah Davies, Stewart Einfeld, Elizabeth J. Elliott
Summary: This study demonstrates the feasibility of delivering Indigenous Triple P to Aboriginal families in remote settings, emphasizing the importance of community partnership. Program tailoring, flexible delivery, use of Aboriginal parent coaches, and provision of practical support resulted in a culturally acceptable parent support program.
AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ani Gok, Seha Kamil Saygili, Sebuh Kurugoglu, Sema Saltik, Nur Canpolat
Summary: This study examines the occurrence of nephrolithiasis in children with type 1 SMA and identifies hypercalciuria and high urine specific gravity as common risk factors. The study suggests that children with SMA type 1 may have an increased risk of nephrolithiasis compared to the general population.
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Glenn S. Rivera, Jesse A. Stokum, Janet Dean, Cristina L. Sadowsky, Allan J. Belzberg, Matthew J. Elrick
Summary: This study evaluated the surgical efficacy of nerve transfer surgery in patients with acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) and found that preoperative clinical and neurophysiological data play a valuable role in preoperative planning and patient selection. The postoperative outcomes demonstrated that nerve transfer surgery is an effective strategy to restore strength.
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Tristan T. Sands, Jennifer N. Gelinas
Summary: This review explores the concept of epileptic encephalopathy (EE) in pediatric epilepsy, discussing the potential impact of epileptic activity on normal brain development and mechanisms underlying cognitive and behavioral impairments. The findings highlight the threat of epileptic activity to normal brain physiology and development.
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Grace Gombolay, Melissa A. Walker
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Salman Rashid, Monisha Goyal, Kathryn Lalor, Khaled Al-Robaidi, Vivek Shukla, Fazlur Rahman, Manimaran Ramani
Summary: This study investigated the seizure risk in asymptomatic preterm infants with high-grade intraventricular hemorrhage who underwent long-term video electroencephalographic monitoring. The findings showed that approximately 16% of these infants had seizures, and those with seizures were younger and more likely to be remonitored.
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Bernadeta Zabielska, Natalia Rzewuska, Sergiusz Jozwiak
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kelly C. Burk, Maki Kaneko, Catherine Quindipan, My H. Vu, Maritza Feliz Cepin, Jonathan D. Santoro, Michele Van Hirtum-Das, Deborah Holder, Gordana Raca
Summary: This study compared the diagnostic yields of chromosomal microarray (CMA) and epilepsy-genes sequencing (EGS) for genetic epilepsy etiologies. It found that EGS had a significantly higher diagnostic yield than CMA, especially for patients with infantile seizure onset and additional neurological findings.
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ursula Thome, Larissa A. Batista, Renata P. Rocha, Vera C. Terra, Ana Paula A. Hamad, Americo C. Sakamoto, Antonio C. Santos, Marcelo Santos, Helio R. Machado
Summary: Rasmussen encephalitis (RE) is a characterized by pharmacoresistant epilepsy and progressive neurological deficits. Surgical disconnection of the affected hemisphere is considered the treatment of choice, although the precise etiology is still unknown. This study reports the clinical, electrographic, and neuroimaging features of children and adolescents who underwent hemispheric surgery (HS) for the treatment of RE.
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michal Tzadok, Rotem Gur-Pollack, Hadar Florh, Yael Michaeli, Tal Gilboa, Mirit Lezinger, Eli Heyman, Veronika Chernuha, Irina Gudis, Andreea Nissenkorn, Tally Lerman-Sagie, Bruria Ben Zeev, Shimrit Uliel-Sibony
Summary: Purified CBD is well-tolerated and effective in reducing seizure frequency in children and young adults with drug-resistant epilepsy.
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Zimeng Ye, Sufang Lin, Xia Zhao, Mathew Wallis, Xinyi Gao, Li Sun, Jiarui Wu, Jing Duan, Yi Yao, Lin Li, Li Chen, Dezhi Cao, Zhanqi Hu, Victor W. Zhang, Samuel F. Berkovic, Ingrid E. Scheffer, Jianxiang Liao, Michael S. Hildebrand
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nicolas J. Abreu, Madeline Chiujdea, Shanshan Liu, Bo Zhang, Sarah J. Spence
Summary: This study found a low completion rate of chromosomal microarray (CMA) testing for patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Provider recommendation and more follow-up visits were associated with CMA completion. Age, intellectual disability or global developmental delay, first-degree relative with ASD, and public insurance were all related to CMA completion. Parental concern and cost/insurance coverage were the most frequently documented barriers.
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wafa Bouchaala, Sirine Laroussi, Yosra Mzid, Imen Maaloul, Olfa Jallouli, Salma Zouari, Sihem Ben Nsir, Zeineb Mnif, Fatma Kammoun, Chahnez Triki
Summary: Moyamoya angiopathy is a rare but serious cerebrovascular disease in children, which may result in arterial ischemic stroke. The clinical and radiological presentations can vary and are often overlooked. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial.
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Eline M. C. Hamilton, Pinar Topaloglu, Jigyasha Sinha, Francesco Nicita, Genevieve Bernard, S. Ali Fatemi, Marjo S. van der Knaap
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Muhamad Azamin Anuar, Muhammad'Adil Zainal Abidin, Soo Hong Tan, Cai Fong Yeap, Nor Azni Yahaya
Summary: This study conducted in Malaysia found that most infants with epilepsy can achieve seizure remission. However, poor seizure control and developmental delay are associated with abnormal EEG background and neuroimaging abnormalities.
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2024)