Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mayuko Chikamatsu, Hiroshi Watanabe, Yuhi Shintani, Ryota Murata, Masako Miyahisa, Ayano Nishinoiri, Tadashi Imafuku, Mei Takano, Nanaka Arimura, Kohichi Yamada, Miya Kamimura, Baki Mukai, Takao Satoh, Hitoshi Maeda, Toru Maruyama
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects 25% of the world's population, but there are currently no approved treatments. This study evaluates the therapeutic effect of a protein called HSA-FGF21 on NAFLD induced by high-fat diets. The administration of HSA-FGF21 showed improvements in body weight, glucose levels, and lipid accumulation in the liver. It also suppressed the expression of fatty acid uptake receptors and inflammatory cytokines. HSA-FGF21 has potential as a therapeutic agent for NAFLD.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Doaa El Amrousy, Heba El Ashry, Sara Maher, Salwa Ganna, Samir Hasan
Summary: This study evaluated pulmonary function tests in children with NAFLD for the first time, finding that pulmonary function abnormalities are common in this population and independently associated with insulin resistance and high sensitive C-reactive protein.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ludovico Abenavoli, Tiziana Larussa, Alessandro Corea, Anna Caterina Procopio, Luigi Boccuto, Marcello Dallio, Alessandro Federico, Francesco Luzza
Summary: NAFLD, characterized by a wide spectrum of liver disorders, is considered a major public health issue globally. Polyphenols, known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, are believed to have potential benefits in preventing and treating NAFLD, though limited human clinical trials are available.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yi Chen, Xueyang Chen, Qiang Chen, Chaohui Yu
Summary: The prevalence of NAFLD is higher in PA patients compared to non-PA patients, with hypokalemic PA patients having a worse metabolic status. Although NAFLD is more common in PA patients, the patterns of obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance are similar. This study provides new insights for further investigations into metabolic imbalance in patients with aldosteronism.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jun-Hyuk Lee, Yu-Jin Kwon, Kyongmin Park, Hye Sun Lee, Hoon-Ki Park, Jee Hye Han, Sang Bong Ahn
Summary: This study found that metabolic score for IR (METS-IR) was inversely associated with ALF in patients with NAFLD, and its predictive ability for ALF was higher than that of triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and homeostatic model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR).
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seol Hwa Seo, Eunhwan Kim, Minguen Yoon, Soung-Hoon Lee, Byung-Hyun Park, Kang-Yell Choi
Summary: This study found that the small molecule KY19334 can effectively treat obesity-related liver disease NASH by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The treatment suppressed inflammation, steatosis, oxidative stress, and cell death, reversed liver fibrosis, and enhanced liver regeneration.
EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hsiu-Chen Huang, Chiung-Ju Chen, Yu-Heng Lai, Yu-Chun Lin, Wei-Chung Chiou, Hsu-Feng Lu, Ying-Fang Chen, Yu-Hsin Chen, Cheng Huang
Summary: Momordica cochinchinensis aril (MCA) has preventive effects on obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and insulin resistance induced by high-fat diet. MCA inhibits adipose tissue expansion and hepatic fat accumulation, regulates gut microbiota composition, and activates the AMPK and PPAR-alpha signaling pathways. These mechanisms contribute to the prevention of fat-induced metabolic syndrome.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dieter Furthner, Christian-Heinz Anderwald, Peter Bergsten, Anders Forslund, Joel Kullberg, Hakan Ahlstrom, Hannes Manell, Iris Ciba, Harald Mangge, Katharina Maruszczak, Pia Koren, Sebastian Schuetz, Susanne Maria Brunner, Anna Maria Schneider, Daniel Weghuber, Katharina Moerwald
Summary: SPISE is a novel and cost-effective index of hepatic insulin resistance, showing superior diagnostic ability in children and adolescents with obesity. It is significantly lower in patients with NAFLD, indicating sensitivity and specificity for hepatic IR better than established indices.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Minxuan Xu, Jun Tan, Wei Dong, Benkui Zou, Xuepeng Teng, Liancai Zhu, Chenxu Ge, Xianling Dai, Qin Kuang, Shaoyu Zhong, Lili Lai, Chao Yi, Tingting Tang, Junjie Zhao, Longyan Wang, Jin Liu, Hao Wei, Yan Sun, Qiufeng Yang, Qiang Li, Deshuai Lou, Linfeng Hu, Xi Liu, Gang Kuang, Jing Luo, Mingxin Xiong, Jing Feng, Chufeng Zhang, Bochu Wang
Summary: This study reveals that Trim31 acts as an endogenous inhibitor of Rhbdf2 in mice, mitigating the development of NASH and potentially serving as a therapeutic target for treating NAFLD/NASH and associated metabolic disorders.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marta Carrillo-Palau, Alejandro Hernandez-Camba, Noemi Hernandez Alvarez-Buylla, Laura Ramos, Inmaculada Alonso-Abreu, Anjara Hernandez-Perez, Milagros Vela, Laura Arranz, Manuel Hernandez-Guerra, Miguel A. Gonzalez-Gay, Ivan Ferraz-Amaro
Summary: This study found that insulin resistance (IR) is not increased in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients with low disease activity compared to controls. However, the presence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) favors the development of IR in patients with IBD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Fan Du, Rongfeng Huang, Dan Lin, Yuying Wang, Xiaohuang Yang, Xiaoyun Huang, Biyun Zheng, Zhixin Chen, Yuehong Huang, Xiaozhong Wang, Fenglin Chen
Summary: Resveratrol has shown therapeutic effects in reducing liver steatosis and insulin resistance in NAFLD, by significantly altering the diversity and composition of gut microbiota, resulting in decreased pathways related to lipid and glucose metabolism, ultimately improving metabolic indicators of NAFLD.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Serena Scapaticci, Ebe D'Adamo, Angelika Mohn, Francesco Chiarelli, Cosimo Giannini
Summary: NAFLD is the most prevalent form of chronic liver disease in children and adolescents worldwide, with a significant increase in affected young people in recent decades, mainly due to childhood obesity. Insulin resistance and abnormal glucose tolerance are key features of NAFLD, which is also closely associated with Metabolic Syndrome.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Angel Arturo Lopez-Gonzalez, Barbara Altisench Jane, Luis Masmiquel Comas, Sebastiana Arroyo Bote, Hilda Maria Gonzalez San Miguel, Jose Ignacio Ramirez Manent
Summary: The unhealthy lifestyle modifications during the COVID-19 lockdown resulted in an increase in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic alterations, leading to a worsening of cardiovascular risk factors.
Review
Biology
Saad Emhmed Ali, Mindie H. Nguyen
Summary: The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is continuously increasing, closely associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity and insulin resistance. Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity have a negative impact on outcomes for individuals with NAFLD, and are expected to rise as obesity rates increase. Further research is needed to better define and manage these conditions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jun Cao, Lin Hua, Shipei Zhang, Jinping Tang, Fan Ke, Zhouhuan Wu, Guohui Xue
Summary: This study found that serum IL-38 levels were elevated in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and correlated with insulin resistance, inflammation, and liver enzyme parameters. Serum IL-38 could potentially serve as a biochemical marker for diagnosing NAFLD.
LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Arianna Petrelli, Lucilla Rava, Alberto Mascali, Novella Rapini, Michela Massoud, Maria Luisa Manca Bitti, Stefano Cianfarani, Melania Manco
Summary: The study found that young patients with type 1 diabetes have reduced insulin sensitivity and higher carotid intima media thickness. Adiposity, glucose control, and lipid control over follow-up may influence both. Enhanced adiposity seems to play a significant role in the onset of hepatic steatosis in both type 1 diabetes patients and healthy youths.
DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhanna Balkhiyarova, Rosa Luciano, Marika Kaakinen, Anna Ulrich, Aleksey Shmeliov, Marzia Bianchi, Laura Chioma, Bruno Dallapiccola, Inga Prokopenko, Melania Manco
Summary: The study found that genetic risk scores are associated with T2D, FG, and FI, affecting glycaemic traits and beta cell function in youth. Additionally, obesity can lead to insulin resistance in youth, which can be detectable from childhood age.
HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
M. Bianchi, M. Manco
Summary: Impaired activity of PIN1 isomerase may be involved in disturbed glucose metabolism and neurotoxicity, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline. This study found that PIN1 levels were not significantly increased in young individuals with obesity, but showed an inverse correlation with glucose levels. Additionally, higher levels of A beta 42 and PSEN1 were found in obese teenagers, correlated with body mass index and insulin resistance.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
S. Cannavo, M. Cappa, D. Ferone, A. M. Isidori, S. Loche, M. Salerno, M. Maghnie
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Angelo Antignani, Ruggiero Francavilla, Andrea Vania, Lucia Leonardi, Cristina Di Mauro, Giovanna Tezza, Fernanda Cristofori, Vanessa Nadia Dargenio, Immacolata Scotese, Filomena Palma, Margherita Caroli
Summary: Adequate complementary feeding practices are crucial for child health, but there are concerns about the nutritional composition of commercial baby foods (CBFs) available in the Italian market. Issues include inappropriate recommended timeframes, high levels of fats and sugars, unnecessary salt content, and inappropriate texture for infant development.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Barbara Peruzzi, Enrica Urciuoli, Michela Mariani, Laura Chioma, Luigi Tomao, Ilaria Montano, Mattia Algeri, Rosa Luciano, Danilo Fintini, Melania Manco
Summary: Excess body weight is beneficial to bone health but leads to poor bone structure. This study found that children with obesity have a higher amount of circulating extracellular vesicles, which results in adipogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stromal cells and a reduction in differentiation markers in mature osteoblasts. Regular physical exercise can partially restore the bone phenotype by decreasing the levels of circulating extracellular vesicles in obese children.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anders Juul, Philippe Backeljauw, Marco Cappa, Alberto Pietropoli, Nicky Kelepouris, Agnes Linglart, Roland Pfaeffle, Mitchell Geffner
Summary: This study aimed to assess the impact of patient age at growth hormone (GH) therapy initiation on long-term growth outcomes and safety in short children born small for gestational age (SGA).
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Procolo Di Bonito, Giuliana Valerio, Maria Rosaria Licenziati, Anna Di Sessa, Emanuele Miraglia del Giudice, Melania Manco, Claudio Chiesa, Lucia Pacifico, Nicola Moio, Giovanni de Simone
Summary: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of hypertension and its association with glomerular function and left ventricular geometry in overweight/obese youths based on the European Society of Cardiology consensus document (ESC-CD) or the Hypertension Canada guidelines (HTN-CGs). The ESC-CD identified a higher number of hypertensive youths before the appearance of glomerular impairment, offering advantages in terms of primary cardiovascular prevention.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonella Mosca, Luca Della Volpe, Anna Alisi, Nadia Panera, Giuseppe Maggiore, Andrea Vania
Summary: The anomalies of the GH/IGF1 axis are associated with a higher prevalence of MAFLD and more rapid progression of the disease. In this study, it was found that patients with inflammation and ballooning had lower levels of GH and IGF1, which were also negatively correlated with fibrosis. Multivariate regression analysis showed that both GH and IGF1 values were negatively associated with fibrosis, suggesting their important role in MAFLD.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Valeria Hasenmajer, Rosario Ferrigno, Marianna Minnetti, Bianca Pellegrini, Andrea M. Isidori, Andrea Lenzi, Mariacarolina Salerno, Marco Cappa, Li Chan, Maria Cristina De Martino, Martin O. Savage
Summary: Adrenal insufficiency is a severe endocrine disorder characterized by insufficient secretion of glucocorticoid and/or mineralocorticoid due to impaired adrenal function or inadequate adrenal stimulation. This review focuses on rare genetic causes of primary adrenal insufficiency with isolated glucocorticoid or combined glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid deficiencies, as well as rare syndromes of isolated mineralocorticoid deficiency. The diagnosis of these rare genetic forms of pediatric adrenal insufficiency is challenging due to their clinical heterogeneity and rarity, and this review aims to provide an overview of their genetic and clinical features, as well as diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Valeria Policastro, Dario Righelli, Lucilla Rava, Pamela Vernocchi, Marzia Bianchi, Cristina Vallone, Fabrizio Signore, Melania Manco
Summary: In this study, the association between dietary fatty acids and pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules in pregnant women was investigated. Several associations were found, including those between adiponectin and specific fatty acids, endotoxin and specific fatty acids, MCP-1 and a specific fatty acid, and ICAM-1 and a specific fatty acid. Additionally, cytokines such as leptin were associated with maternal body weight, smoking habits, and gestational diabetes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
L. Rava, D. Fintini, M. Mariani, A. Deodati, E. Inzaghi, S. Pedicelli, C. Bizzarri, M. Cappa, S. Cianfarani, M. Manco
Summary: Testing 1-hour glucose concentration during oral glucose tolerance test can identify individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to determine the diagnostic cutoffs of 1-hour glucose for impaired glucose tolerance in obese youths and evaluate their association with cardiovascular disease. High glucose concentration was associated with metabolic abnormalities and increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Dario Iafusco, Roberto Franceschi, Alice Maguolo, Salvatore Guercio Nuzio, Antonino Crino, Maurizio Delvecchio, Lorenzo Iughetti, Claudio Maffeis, Valeria Calcaterra, Melania Manco
Summary: Type 2 diabetes develops within the context of metabolic syndrome and is influenced by a continuum of risk factors, including visceral obesity, high blood pressure, abnormal blood lipids, and impaired glucose control. This condition places a significant burden on beta-cell function during puberty, leading to irreversible deterioration and the onset of diabetes. This review aims to identify age-specific risk factors for type 2 diabetes in youth, summarize screening and diagnostic criteria, and explore potential treatment options. Visceral obesity and disrupted lipid metabolism are key factors in disease development. Genetic susceptibility to impaired beta-cell function in the presence of obesity and insulin resistance explains why some obese adolescents develop diabetes at a young age while others do not. Lifestyle interventions focusing on a healthy diet and physical activity remain the primary treatment approach for youth with type 2 diabetes. However, pharmacological management using common drugs, such as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and sodium-dependent glucose transport inhibitors, as well as new weight-reducing medications, like glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, could revolutionize the management of this disease. These medications have the potential to not only treat diabetes but also alleviate the burden of metabolic abnormalities associated with the syndrome and lead to significant weight loss.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Giovina Di Felice, Annamaria D'Alessandro, Anna Pastore, Michela Mariani, Danilo Fintini, Alessia Aureli, Simona Pezzi, Anna Lisa Montemari, Beatrice Barbara Rocco, Andrea Borseti, Andrea Onetti Muda, Melania Manco, Ottavia Porzio
Summary: This study measured PAI-1 and VD levels in clinically overweight and obese children and found that these children had higher inflammation indices and lower VD levels, which are associated with a higher thrombotic risk.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Martina Andellini, Melania Manco, Maria Teresa Esposito, Alberto Eugenio Tozzi, Michael Bergman, Matteo Ritrovato
Summary: This study found that using 1-hour post-load plasma glucose (1-hPG) instead of 2-hour plasma glucose (2-hPG) for screening and assessing the risk of diabetes is more cost-effective in the long term. Screening with 1-hPG can increase disease-free years, delay the onset of diabetes, reduce the incidence of complications, and increase the number of quality-adjusted life years (QALY) gained.
ACTA DIABETOLOGICA
(2023)