Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Felicia Scaggs Huang, David I. Bernstein, Karen S. Slobod, Allen Portner, Toru Takimoto, Charles J. Russell, Michael Meagher, Bart G. Jones, Robert E. Sealy, Christopher Coleclough, Kristen Branum, Michelle Dickey, Kristen Buschle, Monica McNeal, Mat Makowski, Aya Nakamura, Julia L. Hurwitz
Summary: The study demonstrated that SeVRSV vaccine was well-tolerated in healthy adults with only mild to moderate reactions and no severe adverse events. Transient vaccine genome detection was observed due to preexisting immunity towards hPIV-1 and RSV in adults. Minimal antibody responses to SeV and negligible responses to RSV F were observed.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Xin Cheng, Gan Zhao, Aihua Dong, Zhonghuai He, Jiarong Wang, Brian Jiang, Bo Wang, Miaomiao Wang, Xuefen Huai, Shijie Zhang, Shuangshuang Feng, Hong Qin, Bin Wang
Summary: This study conducted a first-in-human trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity response of the BARS13 vaccine in healthy adults. The vaccine demonstrated good safety and tolerability, and there were no significant differences in adverse reaction severity or frequency between different dose groups. The immune response in repeat-dose recipients showed potential for further study and guiding the dose selection for future studies.
Article
Immunology
Marsha S. Russell, Sathya N. Thulasi Raman, Caroline Gravel, Wanyue Zhang, Annabelle Pfeifle, Wangxue Chen, Gary Van Domselaar, David Safronetz, Michael Johnston, Simon Sauve, Lisheng Wang, Michael Rosu-Myles, Jingxin Cao, Xuguang Li
Summary: A novel recombinant RSV vaccine candidate based on a deletion mutant vaccinia virus platform showed high safety and efficacy in experiments, suggesting its potential for developing new vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cyril Le Nouen, Christine E. Nelson, Xueqiao Liu, Hong-Su Park, Yumiko Matsuoka, Cindy Luongo, Celia Santos, Lijuan Yang, Richard Herbert, Ashley Castens, Ian N. Moore, Temeri Wilder-Kofie, Rashida Moore, April Walker, Peng Zhang, Paolo Lusso, Reed F. Johnson, Nicole L. Garza, Laura E. Via, Shirin Munir, Daniel L. Barber, Ursula J. Buchholz
Summary: This study generated a pediatric SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate using a live-attenuated parainfluenza virus vector, and evaluated its immunogenicity and protective efficacy in rhesus macaques. The vaccine induced strong mucosal and systemic immune responses, including neutralizing antibodies and T cell responses. Immunized macaques showed undetectable viral replication after challenge. The vaccine will be clinically evaluated as an intranasal vaccine for pediatric use.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Michael Welch, Karen Krueger, Jianqiang Zhang, Megan Neveau, Pablo Pineyro, Drew Magstadt, Rodger Main, Phillip Gauger
Summary: Porcine respiratory disease complex is composed of multiple pathogens. A study was conducted to evaluate the clinical disease and virus replication, shedding and lung lesions caused by different strains of Porcine parainfluenza virus 1 (PPIV1) and human parainfluenza virus 1 (HPIV1) in nursery pigs. The results suggest that different PPIV1 strains may not affect clinical respiratory disease, but pigs can be infected with HPIV1.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Yuki Kurebayashi, Shringkhala Bajimaya, Masahiro Watanabe, Nicholas Lim, Michael Lutz, Megan Dunagan, Toru Takimoto
Summary: This study investigated the interaction of human parainfluenza viruses type 1 (hPIV1) and type 3 (hPIV3) with human airway cells. The results showed that hPIV1 infection downregulated cholesterol-related genes, induced ISGs stronger than hPIV3, and led to ubiquitination and degradation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, disrupting formation of cholesterol-rich lipid rafts in infected cells. These findings suggest that hPIV1 has the ability to regulate cholesterol biogenesis, which along with ISGs, contributes to the establishment of quiescent infection.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zifang Shang, Shuguang Tan, Dongli Ma
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant viral pathogen causing respiratory tract infections in infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals globally. Over the past decade, there has been substantial progress in understanding the structure, function, and interactions of RSV components, as well as the host immune responses to infection. Researchers and pharmaceutical companies have shown widespread interest in searching for effective interventions for RSV infection, leading to the screening of promising monoclonal antibodies, inhibitors, and vaccine candidates.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ki-Back Chu, Su-Hwa Lee, Min-Ju Kim, Ah-Ra Kim, Eun-Kyung Moon, Fu-Shi Quan
Summary: The study demonstrates that co-expressing PreF and Gt antigens in VLPs can enhance protective efficacy against RSV in mice, leading to reduced virus titers and inflammation. These findings suggest that a combinatorial approach may be beneficial for future RSV vaccine development.
Article
Virology
Jorge C. G. Blanco, Lori M. Cullen, Arash Kamali, Fatouomata Y. D. Sylla, Marina S. Boukhvalova, Trudy G. Morrison
Summary: This study compared immune responses after virus-like particle (VLP) immunization in elderly and young cotton rats previously infected with RSV. The results showed that the VLP vaccine was equally effective in activating protective responses in both elderly and young populations. Therefore, VLPs containing F and G proteins can be an effective vaccine for the elderly.
Article
Immunology
Oludare A. Odumade, Simon D. van Haren, Asimenia Angelidou
Summary: Respiratory viral infections have a significant impact on global disease and mortality. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has brought about drastic changes in the seasonality patterns and mitigation efforts of respiratory syncytial virus, highlighting the urgent need for vaccination as a preventive tool.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
James Baber, Mark Arya, Yuben Moodley, Anna Jaques, Qin Jiang, Kena A. Swanson, David Cooper, Mohan S. Maddur, Jakob Loschko, Alejandra Gurtman, Kathrin U. Jansen, William C. Gruber, Philip R. Dormitzer, Beate Schmoele-Thoma
Summary: The stabilized RSV prefusion F subunit (RSVpreF) vaccine candidate was well tolerated and elicited strong and persistent serum neutralizing responses in adults aged 65-85, with or without adjuvant. Adjuvanted formulations did not show additional enhancement of immune responses.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Javier Diez-Domingo, Xavier Saez-Llorens, Miguel A. Rodriguez-Weber, Cristina Epalza, Archana Chatterjee, Cheng-Hsun Chiu, Chien-Yu Lin, Andrea A. Berry, Federico Martinon-Torres, Fernando Baquero-Artigao, Joanne M. Langley, Jose T. Ramos Amador, Joseph B. Domachowske, Li-Min Huang, Nan-Chang Chiu, Susanna Esposito, Philippe Moris, Thi Lien-Anh Nguyen, Vanja Nikic, Wayne Woo, Yingjun Zhou, Ilse Dieussaert, Amanda Leach, Antonio Gonzalez Lopez, Nicolas Vanhoutte
Summary: This study tested a new candidate RSV vaccine in toddlers who had a previous RSV infection. The vaccine was effective in preventing RSV-related illnesses and triggered an antibody response that could neutralize the virus. No vaccine-related serious adverse events or RSV-related hospitalizations were reported during the study.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Arabella S. Stuart, Miia Virta, Kristi Williams, Ilkka Seppa, Robyn Hartvickson, Melanie Greenland, Edmund Omoruyi, Arangassery Rosemary Bastian, Wouter Haazen, Nadine Salisch, Efi Gymnopoulou, Benoit Callendret, Saul N. Faust, Matthew D. Snape, Esther Heijnen
Summary: A randomized, double-blind study in adults and children showed that a novel Ad26 vector-based RSV vaccine encoding preF-protein given as two doses demonstrated acceptable safety and tolerability up to 1 year, with evidence of humoral and cellular immunogenicity.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Hualin Helen Li, Jenny Xu, Li He, Lynne Ireland Denny, Richard R. Rustandi, Geethanjali Dornadula, Brock Fiorito, Zhi-Qiang Zhang
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of severe lower respiratory tract infections worldwide. Recent advances in vaccine technology have increased the likelihood of developing a safe and effective RSV vaccine. A promising approach is the development of an RSV vaccine called V171, which consists of lipids and mRNA encoding an engineered form of the RSV F protein. Preclinical and Phase I clinical trial results have shown positive outcomes, and a cell-based relative potency assay has been developed to support the Phase II development of this vaccine.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Su-Hwa Lee, Ki-Back Chu, Min-Ju Kim, Jie Mao, Gi-Deok Eom, Keon-Woong Yoon, Md Atique Ahmed, Fu-Shi Quan
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes severe respiratory disease and there is currently no effective treatment or vaccine available. In this study, virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines expressing RSV proteins were produced and evaluated in mice. The VLPs induced a strong antibody response and neutralizing activity, with the Pre-F+G VLPs showing superior protection. VLP immunization also reduced viral titer and inflammation in the lungs of mice. These results suggest that Pre-F+G VLPs could be a potential vaccine candidate against RSV infection.