Article
Immunology
Joseph Donovan, Pham Kieu Nguyet Oanh, Nicholas Dobbs, Nguyen Hoan Phu, Ho Dang Trung Nghia, David Summers, Nguyen Thuy Thuong Thuong, Guy E. Thwaites
Summary: Measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) by point-of-care ultrasound is associated with increased disease severity, brain imaging abnormalities, and increased death by 3 months in tuberculous meningitis (TBM) patients. Higher baseline ONSD values are correlated with more severe disease and abnormal brain imaging.ONSD ultrasound has a potential role as a noninvasive, affordable bedside tool for predicting brain pathology and death in TBM.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ying Luo, Ying Xue, Qun Lin, Liyan Mao, Guoxing Tang, Huijuan Song, Wei Liu, Shiji Wu, Weiyong Liu, Yu Zhou, Lingqing Xu, Zhigang Xiong, Ting Wang, Xu Yuan, Yong Gan, Ziyong Sun, Feng Wang
Summary: The study established a diagnostic model based on a combination of CSF chlorine, CSF nucleated cell count, CSF lymphocyte proportion, and the tuberculosis-specific antigen/phytohemagglutinin (TBAg/PHA) ratio, which showed excellent utility in discriminating between TBM and BM, with high sensitivity and specificity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Caleb P. Skipper, Katherine Huppler Hullsiek, Fiona V. Cresswell, Kiiza K. Tadeo, Michael Okirwoth, Mark Blackstad, Nelmary Hernandez-Alvarado, Claudia Fernandez-Alarcon, Stewart Walukaga, Emily Martyn, Jayne Ellis, Kenneth Ssebambulidde, Lillian Tugume, Edwin Nuwagira, Joshua Rhein, David B. Meya, David R. Boulware, Mark R. Schleiss
Summary: This study investigates the association between CMV viremia and mortality in patients with HIV-associated meningitis. The results show that patients with CMV viremia have a higher mortality rate at 18 weeks, and the risk of death increases with the viral load.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Abhilasha Tripathi, Ravindra Singh Thakur, Jayantee Kalita, Devendra Kumar Patel, Usha K. Misra
Summary: This study found that in TBM patients, those with CSW had significantly higher levels of catecholamines, especially norepinephrine. Sequential studies revealed that dopamine and epinephrine increased at the time of hyponatremia and declined on its correction. The severity of TBM was related to dopamine levels, while the severity of CSW was related to epinephrine levels.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Shinnosuke Fukushima, Kazuki Ocho, Koji Fujita, Hideharu Hagiya, Fumio Otsuka
Summary: Tuberculous meningitis can lead to multiple cerebral infarctions and basal meningitis, resulting in poor mortality and neurological prognosis. This case suggests that clinicians in an aging country like Japan should consider tuberculous meningitis as a possible diagnosis in patients with disturbed consciousness.
CLINICAL CASE REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Abhilasha Tripathi, Mritunjai Kumar, Jayantee Kalita, Surya Kant, Usha K. Misra
Summary: This study evaluated the levels of serum antidiuretic hormone (ADH), its receptors, and renin in patients with cerebral salt wasting (CSW) in tuberculous meningitis (TBM). The study found that CSW is the most common cause of hyponatremia in TBM patients and correlates with disease severity.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Angharad G. Davis, Anna J. Dreyer, Christine Albertyn, Mpumi Maxebengula, Cari Stek, Sean Wasserman, Suzaan Marais, Kathleen Bateman, Mark Solms, John Joska, Robert J. Wilkinson, Sam Nightingale
Summary: This study systematically assessed the frequency and nature of cognitive impairment in adult tuberculous meningitis patients and found that it has an impact on functioning and medication adherence.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mailing Huang, Zeyu Ding, Wensheng Li, Weibi Chen, Yadong Du, Hongyan Jia, Qi Sun, Boping Du, Rongrong Wei, Aiying Xing, Qi Li, Naihui Chu, Liping Pan
Summary: This study discovered that specific biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid can help diagnose and understand the pathogenesis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM). By analyzing the expression of proteins in CSF, it is possible to distinguish between TBM and non-TBM patients, providing a useful panel for TBM diagnosis.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Thomas Kapapa, Ralph Koenig, Benjamin Mayer, Michael Braun, Bernd Schmitz, Silwia Mueller, Julia Schick, Christian Rainer Wirtz, Andrej Pala
Summary: This study aimed to determine the frequency and severity of complications associated with the continuous intra-arterial infusion of nimodipine as a treatment for delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. The results showed that patients who received nimodipine treatment had higher rates of adverse events and complications, but further research is needed.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
An Wen, Shi-Min Liu, Wen-Feng Cao, Yong-Liang Zhou, Chao-Qun Luo, Zheng-Bing Xiang, Fan Hu, Ping Zhang, Er-Ling Leng
Summary: This study aimed to develop a simple diagnostic algorithm based on clinical and laboratory test results as an early predictor of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) in South China. Five characteristics were found to be predictive of TBM, and a new scoring system was developed with a sensitivity of 81.6% and specificity of 93.6%. This system can be used in countries with limited resources.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Qinglin Ye, Xi Peng, Xiaogang Zhang, Qingqing Cao, Kaiyan Tao, Liang Wang
Summary: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) with hyponatremia is common and can affect the prognosis of patients if not treated properly. This study found that serum sodium levels and the severity of TBM were independent predictors of poor outcomes. Hyponatremia was mainly caused by syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and correcting hyponatremia in TBM patients had an impact on their prognosis.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Collin Labak, Berje Haroutuon Shammassian, Xiaofei Zhou, Ayham Alkhachroum
Summary: This overview highlights diagnostic tools used in neurocritical care settings for the identification of delayed cerebral ischemia.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Karen du Preez, Helen E. Jenkins, Peter R. Donald, Regan S. Solomons, Stephen M. Graham, H. Simon Schaaf, Jeffrey R. Starke, Anneke C. Hesseling, James A. Seddon
Summary: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a significant cause of illness and death in children with tuberculosis (TB), but there are currently no estimates of the global burden of pediatric TBM. Due to non-specific symptoms and limited diagnostic tests, children with TBM are often diagnosed late or not at all. Even with diagnosis and treatment, 20% of children with TBM still die and survivors often have significant neurological disabilities. Improved surveillance of pediatric TBM is crucial for prevention, early diagnosis, and improved care.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura J. Whitworth, Rajan Troll, Antonio J. Pagan, Francisco J. Roca, Paul H. Edelstein, Mark Troll, David M. Tobin, Nguyen Hoan Phu, Nguyen Duc Bang, Guy E. Thwaites, Nguyen Thuy Thuong Thuong, Roger F. Sewell, Lalita Ramakrishnan
Summary: The TT homozygosity of the LTA4H gene is associated with higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines in cerebrospinal fluid, and it correlates with the efficacy of dexamethasone in tuberculous meningitis patients. This association extends beyond TT patients to non-TT individuals, suggesting that other genetic variations may also influence the responsiveness to dexamethasone.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Carlijn H. C. Litjens, Laurens F. M. Verscheijden, Elin M. Svensson, Petra H. H. van den Broek, Hedwig van Hove, Jan B. Koenderink, Frans G. M. Russel, Rob E. Aarnoutse, Lindsey H. M. te Brake
Summary: This study developed a PBPK model to predict the concentration of linezolid in cranial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and assess its pharmacodynamic (PD) thresholds attainment in adults and children with tuberculous meningitis. The results showed that a dose of 1200 mg per day in adults and similar to 10 mg/kg BID in children could achieve reasonable target attainment in cranial CSF.
