Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
P. Rong, T. Ju
Summary: The medial axis (MA) is a well-known shape descriptor in graphics and vision, but it is sensitive to boundary noise. Existing significance measures for pruning MA often lead to the shrinking of desired branches and the loss of fine-scale shape features. We propose a novel significance measure derived from a variational pruning process, which aims to preserve points parallel to the shape boundary. Our measure is formulated in both continuous and discrete settings, and an efficient algorithm is presented for the discrete MA. Experimental results show that our measure is resistant to boundary noise, prevents MA shrinking, and recovers features across scales.
COMPUTER GRAPHICS FORUM
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Yiyao Chu, Wencheng Wang, Lei Li
Summary: This paper addresses the challenge of extracting concise 3D curve skeletons using existing methods. It proposes a method that enhances the capture of prominent features and uses them for skeleton extraction, reducing the influence of shape boundary perturbations and the amount of data needed for extraction. Experimental results show that the proposed method avoids parameter tuning and saves computations.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Dawei Liu, Zhenzhen Lv, Bingbing Li
Summary: The design method of a noncircular face gear with intersecting axes was established based on the principle of space gear meshing. A generalized approach for designing closed pitch curve of the gear was proposed and a mathematical model was established. Prototype machining and testing confirmed the feasibility of the innovative transmission mechanism and the correctness of the mathematical model.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART C-JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Tian Wang, Jinchun Xu, Yi Xu, Jie Xiao, Nanxi Bi, Xiaozhen Gu, Hui-Li Wang
Summary: This study found that socially dominant rats can be distinguished from subordinates based on their intestinal microbiota. Dysbiotic rats reclaim social dominance following microbiota transplantation. Core microbes and histone deacetylase HDAC2 play crucial roles in mediating dominance determination.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Xiang Wang, Zhen-Yu Yin, Dong Su, Xiaoxin Wu, Jidong Zhao
Summary: This study introduces a novel computational-geometry-based approach for generating random packing of complex-shaped 3D particles with quantitatively controlled sizes and shapes. The proposed method involves five essential steps and demonstrates the ability to generate granular particles with desired geometric properties and packing through various examples. This paves a viable pathway for realistic modeling of granular media in engineering and industrial processes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peijian Shi, Johan Gielis, Brady K. Quinn, Karl J. Niklas, David A. Ratkowsky, Julian Schrader, Honghua Ruan, Lin Wang, Ulo Niinennets
Summary: This article introduces an R package called 'biogeom' that can simulate and fit various shapes found in nature. It includes multiple parametric and growth-rate equations, which can generate the profiles of different natural objects and provide quantitative information about shape and ontogenetic modification of shape.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Albert Matveev, Ruslan Rakhimov, Alexey Artemov, Gleb Bobrovskikh, Vage Egiazarian, Emil Bogomolov, Daniele Panozzo, Denis Zorin, Evgeny Burnaev
Summary: We propose DEFs, a learning-based framework for predicting sharp geometric features in sampled 3D shapes. Unlike existing methods, DEFs regress a scalar field representing the distance to the closest feature line, instead of classifying features. Our approach is the first to scale to massive point clouds by fusing distance-to-feature estimates obtained on individual patches. Extensive evaluations on synthetic and real-world 3D CAD model benchmarks show that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods and generalizes well to real-world scans.
ACM TRANSACTIONS ON GRAPHICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yutaro Tanaka, Tiantian Zhang, Makio Uwaha, Shuichi Murakami
Summary: Understanding crystal shapes is essential in surface science. The discovery of topological materials has revolutionized surface science, as topological surface states can impact surface energies and crystal facets in unconventional ways. This study demonstrates that the surface energy of glide-symmetric topological crystalline insulators depends singularly on the surface orientation, resulting in unique crystal facets. Furthermore, it is shown that such singular surface states can be realized in KHgSb using first-principles calculations. These findings provide a foundation for designing and manipulating crystal facets based on symmetry and topology.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Enze Cui, James F. Peters
Summary: This paper introduces the self-similarity of the minuscule positive and negative lumens flux of voxels in dominant moving objects in video frames and analyzes the self-similarity of voxel lumens flux and the fractal nature of maximal nucleus triangle clusters in triangulated video frames.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ye Liu, Feng Zhou, Rong Zhang, Tingyong Feng
Summary: Procrastination is a widespread phenomenon that has negative consequences in various aspects of life. This study aimed to explore the neural mechanisms underlying the association between dispositional optimism and procrastination. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) methods were used to analyze a large sample (N = 408). The results showed a negative association between dispositional optimism and procrastination, with dispositional optimism being positively correlated with gray matter volumes (GMV) in the right para-hippocampal (rPHC) and negatively correlated with GMV in the left cerebellum. Functional connectivity analysis revealed that the rPHC-rMFC connectivity was negatively associated with dispositional optimism and partially mediated the relationship between dispositional optimism and procrastination.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ines Barreiros, Marios C. Panayi, Mark E. Walton
Summary: This study utilized a retrograde tracer to investigate the projections into different subdivisions of the rat orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and found distinct connectivity patterns and strengths from various brain regions. While some regions showed a gradient in connectivity strength, others exhibited almost exclusive projections to specific OFC subdivisions. The differences in input patterns between anterior lateral (ALO) and posterior lateral (PLO) were as pronounced as those between PLO and posterior ventral (PVO).
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhen Xu, Zhenyu Guo, Rajesh Madhu, Fei Xie, Ruixuan Chen, Jing Wang, Mike Tebyetekerwa, Yong-Sheng Hu, Maria-Magdalena Titirici
Summary: By rational design of sustainable carbon skeletons with rich defects and negligible pores, the roles of defects and pores in metallic deposition were unveiled, showing that defects play a crucial role in inducing uniform metallic deposition. Anode-less sodium metal batteries using different types of cathodes demonstrated enhanced electrochemical performance in terms of sustainability, even after long cycling.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Fabio Giovannelli, Iglis Innocenti, Emiliano Santarnecchi, Elisa Tatti, Stefano F. Cappa, Simone Rossi
Summary: Emotional contexts have an impact on memory processes, particularly in the serial position curve effect in different environments. This finding has important implications for the recall and documentation of events with emotional content in the legal and medical fields.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
S. Andreas Angermayr, Tin Yau Pang, Guillaume Chevereau, Karin Mitosch, Martin J. Lercher, Tobias Bollenbach
Summary: Dose-response relationships play a crucial role in understanding biological systems and can have significant implications in treatment and drug resistance. This study investigates the mechanisms shaping the dose-response curve of antibiotics and identifies a negative growth-mediated feedback loop as a key factor. Specifically, the antibiotic trimethoprim slows down bacterial growth and weakens its own effectiveness. The upregulation of the drug target, dihydrofolate reductase, is found to be the molecular basis for this feedback loop. The study suggests that growth-mediated feedback loops may have broader implications in drug responses and could be utilized to prevent drug resistance.
MOLECULAR SYSTEMS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zi-Yang Qiu, Xiang Zhao, Jing-Shuang Dang
Summary: This study investigates the effect of in-plane stress on the mechanochemistry of corannulene. External force explicitly included (EFEI) DFT calculations reveal that the properties of corannulene, such as curvature and flattening process, electronic structures, dynamic concave-convex flipping, and curved-pi host-guest interactions, can be controlled by the applied external force and the bowl effects of buckybowls can be manipulated as desired, providing a novel approach beyond traditional chemical methods.
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2023)
