Article
Microbiology
Sarah Preston-Alp, Lisa Beatrice Caruso, Chenhe Su, Kelsey Keith, Samantha S. Soldan, Davide Maestri, Jozef Madzo, Andrew Kossenkov, Giorgia Napoletani, Benjamin Gewurz, Paul M. Lieberman, Italo Tempera
Summary: This study demonstrated that Decitabine treatment can reduce the 5mC levels in the EBV genome and increase the amount of open chromatin in gastric cancer cell lines. It also revealed the presence of heterogeneous epigenetic states within the EBV genome, which are disrupted by Decitabine. These findings emphasize the importance of 5mC in maintaining EBV genomic chromatin structure and latency.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Linlin Zhang, Ran Wang, Zhengde Xie
Summary: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is closely associated with several malignant and lymphoproliferative diseases. Aberrant methylation of viral DNA and the host genome plays a crucial role in EBV-associated diseases. EBV controls gene methylation by hijacking host epigenetic machinery, and its proteins interact with host epigenetic regulatory factors to mediate the methylation of important tumour suppressor gene promoters. Epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation, can be targeted for epigenetic therapy against EBV-associated tumours. The methylation patterns in the host and EBV genomes may also have diagnostic and prognostic value.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Alison J. Sinclair
Summary: DNA methylation at CpG motifs plays a key role in gene regulation, with hypermethylation generally leading to decreased gene expression. In EBV infection, the viral genome becomes hypermethylated at CpG motifs, impacting viral gene expression. DNA methyl transferase enzymes are crucial in the process of DNA methylation and can be targeted for therapeutic interventions in EBV-associated cancer.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Chloe Borde, Frederique Quignon, Corinne Amiel, Joel Gozlan, Vincent Marechal, Eolia Brissot
Summary: A new molecular assay (methyl-qPCR) was designed to distinguish methylated versus unmethylated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genomes. This method showed potential for distinguishing latent and lytic EBV genomes in transplant recipients, aiding in treatment decisions.
CLINICAL EPIGENETICS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Genki Usui, Keisuke Matsusaka, Yasunobu Mano, Masayuki Urabe, Sayaka Funata, Masashi Fukayama, Tetsuo Ushiku, Atsushi Kaneda
Summary: Gastric cancer is a pathologically and molecularly heterogeneous disease with DNA hypermethylation playing an important role. Comprehensive DNA methylation analyses have revealed multiple methylation patterns, allowing gastric cancer to be classified into different molecular subgroups. The frequency and targets of genetic aberrations vary depending on the molecular subgroup.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gadde Shareena, Dileep Kumar
Summary: Epstein Barr virus (EBV) is the first oncogenic virus in humans and is closely associated with various lymphoproliferative and malignant diseases. EBV has a biphasic viral life cycle, consisting of a latent period and lytic replication, with B-cells playing a critical role in latent gene expression and immune recognition evasion. Dysregulation of epigenetic regulation, particularly DNA methylation, in both viral and host genome expression, is closely related to carcinogenesis and long-lasting phenotypes in malignancies.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomohiro Fujii, Jun Nishikawa, Soichiro Fukuda, Naoto Kubota, Junzo Nojima, Koichi Fujisawa, Ryo Ogawa, Atsushi Goto, Koichi Hamabe, Shinichi Hashimoto, Aung Phyo Wai, Hisashi Iizasa, Hironori Yoshiyama, Kohei Sakai, Yutaka Suehiro, Takahiro Yamasaki, Taro Takami
Summary: MC180295 inhibits the growth of EBVaGC cells by suppressing DNA repair and the cell cycle.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Sun Hee Lee, Su Jin Choi, Wonhyeok Choi, Subin Cho, Miyeon Cho, Dong Sun Kim, Byung Woog Kang, Jong Gwang Kim, You Mie Lee, Hyosun Cho, Hyojeung Kang
Summary: Gastric cancer is a common type of cancer, with Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma accounting for a significant proportion. Resistance to platinum drugs in gastric cancer cells can be caused by DNA hypermethylation, but DNA demethylation can enhance the anticancer activity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yingxue Gao, Yuxin Fu, Jia Wang, Xiang Zheng, Jianhua Zhou, Jian Ma
Summary: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is highly prevalent worldwide and is closely associated with gastric cancer, especially EBV associated Gastric cancer (EBVaGC). Understanding the mechanisms of EBV-induced gene hypermethylation in gastric cancer is crucial, and targeting EBV-induced DNA methylation may be a potential therapeutic approach for EBVaGC.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Wenzhe Li, Atsushi Okabe, Genki Usui, Masaki Fukuyo, Keisuke Matsusaka, Bahityar Rahmutulla, Yasunobu Mano, Takayuki Hoshii, Sayaka Funata, Nobuhiro Hiura, Masashi Fukayama, Patrick Tan, Tetsuo Ushiku, Atsushi Kaneda
Summary: The study showed that EBV infection contributes to gastric tumorigenesis by activating enhancers, with EHF playing a critical role in the process. Additionally, genes associated with the WNT signaling pathway in cancer were significantly enriched in EBV-positive GC.
Review
Oncology
Merrin Man Long Leong, Maria Li Lung
Summary: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is associated with various malignancies and can disrupt epigenetic regulation, influencing the development of cancer. The interaction between EBV and the host genome in different cancer types results in unique epigenetic features, suggesting that EBV may utilize different latency proteins to manipulate the epigenetic modulators in host cells for pathogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yan Zhang, Shunxia Hu, Jun Li, Duo Shi, Bing Luo
Summary: This study found that hypermethylation of the TMEM130 gene may affect the migration ability of GC cells and is associated with EBV infection. TMEM130 shows promise as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of GC.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Virology
Hua Xiao, Jingyang Sun, Weiqing Huang, Wen Liu, Yan Zhang, Haiyu Wang, Bing Luo
Summary: This study revealed that the expression of MAP9 is up-regulated in EBVaGC, and MAP9 plays a role in inhibiting the growth of EBVaGC cells. Additionally, the methylation of MAP9 CpG islands influences this regulation, with MAP9 acting as a tumor suppressor in the development of EBVaGC.
Article
Oncology
Xiao-Hui Zheng, Chang-Mi Deng, Ting Zhou, Xi-Zhao Li, Cao-Li Tang, Cheng-Tao Jiang, Ying Liao, Tong-Min Wang, Yong-Qiao He, Wei-Hua Jia
Summary: Saliva sampling is a non-invasive method that can be done by individuals themselves. This study used saliva samples to explore the use of EBV methylation as a biomarker in the diagnosis of NPC. The results showed that EBV methylation was significantly increased in NPC patients compared to controls, and detection of specific CpG sites showed good diagnostic performance. The study suggests that non-invasive detection of NPC through saliva sampling could be a promising alternative for future large-scale screening.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Ubaid Ur Rehman, Dawood Ghafoor, Asad Ullah, Riaz Ahmad, Sumaira Hanif
Summary: This review examines the role of epigenetics in regulating virus infection cycles and gene expression, and explores the potential treatment options based on this understanding.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2023)