Article
Engineering, Chemical
Liqiang Lu, Cheng Li, Steven Rowan, Bryan Hughes, Xi Gao, Mehrdad Shahnam, William A. Rogers
Summary: This research utilized a video-based continuous measurement method to investigate the elutriation rate of biochar in a fluidized bed, simulated using computational fluid dynamics-coarse-grained discrete element method (CFD-CGDEM) in MFiX. The study found that the fluidization behavior of nonspherical sands can be accurately captured with the use of a rolling friction model, and the predicted elutriation rate closely matched experimental results when considering particle size distributions and using a shape-corrected filtered drag. These findings validate the accuracy of the MFiX-based CFD framework for predicting biochar elutriations in fluidized bed biomass fast pyrolysis reactors.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sofiane Benyahia
Summary: This study compares the results of two commonly used computational fluid dynamics methods for simulating fluidized beds with smooth type-A monodisperse particles. The results show that in some cases, the discrete particle method can yield faster and more accurate results compared to the continuum assumption method. However, for more complex cases involving particles with statical properties, the discrete particle method is a better choice for fluidized bed simulations.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kento Yokoo, Masahiro Kishida, Tsuyoshi Yamamoto
Summary: This study conducted a CFD-IBM-DEM simulation to investigate the filtration mechanisms of fluidized bed filters for further development. The results showed that the particle size and superficial velocity significantly influenced the collection efficiency of PM filtration.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Rajan Jaiswal, Britt M. E. Moldestad, Marianne S. Eikeland, Henrik K. Nielsen, Rajan Kumar Thapa
Summary: This study investigates the bubble properties of a bubbling fluidized bed reactor using computational particle fluid dynamic simulations and electrical capacitance tomography measurements. The results show that the bubble properties, such as average diameter, rise velocity, and frequency, are significantly influenced by the superficial gas velocity. The CPFD model and method employed in this work can be useful for studying the influence of bubble properties on conversion efficiency of a gasification reactor operating at high temperatures.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sebastian Alexander Perez Cortes, Yerko Rafael Aguilera Carvajal, Juan Pablo Vargas Norambuena, Javier Antonio Norambuena Vasquez, Juan Andres Jarufe Troncoso, Juan Pablo Hurtado Cruz, Angelica Patricia Munoz Lagos, Pamela Paz Jara Munoz
Summary: By studying the internal phenomena of a concentrate dryer and utilizing computational fluid dynamics and the differentiated elements method, detailed information about the complex phenomena in the simulated obtention of copper metal was obtained, thus significantly improving the modeling and design of the melting process. The study, part of the critical process line at Caletones Smelter in Chile, is highly relevant due to its production of approximately 450,000 tons of fine copper per annum, representing 2% of total annual global copper demand.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Feng Lu, Hong Zhong, Bo Liu, Jian Xu, Sheng-fu Zhang, Liang-ying Wen
Summary: The agglomeration behavior of particles is crucial for defluidization in a fluidized bed during the direct reduction process. The influence of CO/H-2 ratio on surface diffusion of iron atoms and the quantification analysis of solid bridge force between iron oxide particles were proposed. Furthermore, the solid bridge force was successfully incorporated into a CFD-DEM model to investigate the detailed information of agglomeration in a fluidized bed. The results show that the region of defluidization is sensitive to reduction temperature, and iron oxide powder exhibits higher metallization and stable fluidization properties at molar fraction of H-2 in the range of 0.6-0.8 when reduced by CO/H-2 mixture.
JOURNAL OF IRON AND STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
N. Torres Brauer, B. Serrano Rosales, H. de Lasa
Summary: The proposed model involves Computational Fluid Dynamics Multiphase Particle-In-Cell (CFD-MPPIC) simulations for biomass gasification in dense phase fluidized beds, allowing evaluation of bubble dynamics and correlations. This model could be valuable for designing scaled-up biomass units operated under dense phase fluidization conditions.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhunzhun Ma, Hongfang Ma, Weixin Qian, Haitao Zhang, Qiwen Sun, Weiyong Ying
Summary: The pressure signals were analyzed using time-domain and frequency-domain methods to study bubble behavior and determine regime transition. The results showed that the autocorrelation function of pressure signals from bubbles exhibited periodic fluctuation, which disappeared and the dominant frequency increased during the transition from bubbling to the turbulent regime. The decrease in static bed height facilitated the explosion of bubbles and accelerated the transition. The fluidization index was used as an indicator for the bubble state in the dense fluidized bed.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Krittin Korkerd, Chaiwat Soanuch, Zongyan Zhou, Pornpote Piumsomboon, Benjapon Chalermsinsuwan
Summary: This study investigated the mixing behavior of rod-like particles and spherical particles in a bubbling fluidized bed using CFD-DEM simulation. The results showed that the rod diameter was the most crucial factor for the mixing index, followed by the sphere diameter. The rod weight and interaction of parameters had a slight effect on the mixing index. These findings highlight the importance of using inert spherical particles to improve the hydrodynamics properties of non-spherical particles.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qiang Guo, Azin Padash, Christopher M. Boyce
Summary: Two-phase flow modeling (TFM) has been shown to accurately capture bubble dynamic behavior, with simulations revealing that interactions between bubbles can lead to anomalous bubble collapse phenomena.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Salma Benzarti, Hatem Mhiri, Herve Bournot
Summary: In this study, the effect of ring baffle configuration on fluidization system hydrodynamics was investigated using a multifluid Eulerian CFD model and the Kinetic Theory of Granular Flow. It was found that the incorporation of ring baffles improved system mixing and reduced wall backflow, with limited impact of baffle shape on system hydrodynamics.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Suyang Pan, Jiliang Ma, Daoyin Liu, Xiaoping Chen, Cai Liang
Summary: This paper studies the liquid transport behaviors in a top-sprayed fluidized bed using bed conductance analysis, pressure fluctuation analysis, and bubble image processing. The results show that liquid initially gets trapped in agglomerates before converting to free liquid and spreading from the upper-middle bed to the bottom bed. The disintegrating pattern of agglomerates affects the increase and saturation of free liquid in the bed. The liquid transport process is accelerated by increasing superficial air velocity and particle diameter, while it slows down with increased liquid viscosity and surface tension.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chunlei Wang, Guodong Liu, Zhanhu Zhai, Xinyao Guo, Yao Wu
Summary: Models describing particle triboelectric charging and electrostatic interactions were added to the Computational Fluid Dynamic coupled Discrete Element Method (CFD-DEM) for numerical simulations. It was found that as particle size decreases, bipolar charged particles exhibit a chaining stage and an agglomerating stage, with different interactions between triboelectric charging and fluidization. The effect of the wall is positively correlated to the ratio of the particle-wall collision rate to the total particle collision rate, and the fluidization conditions of particles affect the charging process via this correlation. This work contributes to a better understanding of the interaction between triboelectric charging and particle fluidization, and helps optimize fluidized bed design and conditions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mustafa Metin Cam, Hakan Serhad Soyhan, Mansour Al Qubeissi, Cenk Celik
Summary: The design of energy efficient engineering systems is crucial for sustainable operation. This study focuses on optimizing the bell-type primary air nozzle used in CFB boilers through CFD simulations. By changing the nozzle geometry, pressure drop can be decreased and flow uniformity can be improved, resulting in energy savings and improved boiler operation.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xuesong Yang, Shuai Wang, Siyu Liu, Yurong He
Summary: This study numerically evaluated the erosion characteristic of membrane tubes using a hybrid Eulerian-Lagrangian approach in a membrane-assisted fluidized bed reactor. The erosion rate of Pd-based membrane and its influence on gas-solid hydrodynamics and hydrogen separation were integrated. Results showed that membrane tube erosion is influenced by the arrangement of tube locations and non-uniform hydrogen concentration, with the maximum wear occurring at normal angle for Pd-based membrane.
Article
Mechanics
Ali Ebrahimi-Mamaghani, Rahmat Sotudeh-Gharebagh, Reza Zarghami, Navid Mostoufi
Summary: The thermo-mechanical vibrations of axially functionally graded pipes conveying fluid are investigated in order to enhance the stability of fluid-interaction systems. The study explores the influence of different factors, such as material gradient, power index, boundary conditions, rotary inertia factor, temperature rise, and different boundary conditions, on the dynamic configuration of the system. The results show that detached stable regions emerge and develop by increasing the power index at sufficiently high mass ratios.
MECHANICS BASED DESIGN OF STRUCTURES AND MACHINES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Saman Kazemi, Reza Zarghami, Navid Mostoufi, Rahmat Sotudeh-Gharebagh
Summary: The study found that electrostatic charges in fluidized beds cause particle aggregation to form agglomerates, which in turn result in a layered structure on the wall surface. Compared to neutral beds, the accumulation of particles near the wall significantly increases in the presence of electrostatic charges.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hossein Norouzi-Firouz, Mohammad-Hossein Sarrafzadeh, Reza Zarghami, Iman Moshiri-Tabrizi
Summary: The study combined hydrodynamic and biokinetic models to simulate lab-scale oxidation ditch for activated sludge process, investigating the effects of varying rotational speed and solid volume fraction on liquid phase velocity. The findings indicated that increasing aerator speed and solid volume fraction can impact liquid phase velocity significantly.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hooman Ziaei-Halimejani, Reza Zarghami, Seyed Soheil Mansouri, Navid Mostoufi
Summary: A method combining recurrence quantification analysis and clustering methods is proposed for the detection and diagnosis of faults in chemical processes. DBSCAN method shows superior performance compared to other clustering methods like CURE and k-means, and recurrence plot method works better in combination with DBSCAN and CURE for fault detection.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Mitra Sadat Lavasani, Nahid Raeisi Ardali, Rahmat Sotudeh-Gharebagh, Reza Zarghami, Janos Abonyi, Navid Mostoufi
Summary: This article provides an overview of big data, its characteristics, and related topics, as well as a systematic review of available big data techniques and analytics. It also discusses recent applications of big data in the chemical industry and emphasizes its practical application in various process engineering areas.
REVIEWS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Shahab Golshan, Gregory S. Patience, Reza Zarghami, Jamal Chaouki, Bruno Blais
Summary: Around 75% of raw materials in the chemical industry and 50% of consumer products are in the form of powders or granular solids. Researchers use various techniques, including fibre optic probes, to study the hydrodynamics of fluid-solid systems. Fibre optic probes are simple, inexpensive, and sensitive tools that can measure local properties such as particle velocity, solids fraction, and voids in heterogeneous systems. MATLAB codes and experimental data are provided as examples for processing raw signals and obtaining information on gas/solids/bubble holdup, particle and bubble velocity, bubble size, and solids flux.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Ali Ebrahimi-Mamaghani, Navid Mostoufi, Rahmat Sotudeh-Gharebagh, Reza Zarghami
Summary: In this study, the linear and nonlinear vibrations of supported pipes with two-phase flow were modeled using the drift-flux model. The effects of flow parameters, geometry, and physical properties on the system dynamics were examined through validation and parametric analysis. The results showed that the pipe diameters, liquid phase density, and void fraction/mixture velocity have significant influence on the vibrational frequencies of the system.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ehsan Zamani Abyaneh, Reza Zarghami, Ulrich Kruehne, Rosinha Grundtvig, Pedram Ramin, Navid Mostou
Summary: A computational fluid dynamic model was developed to assess the mixing efficiency of an industrial anaerobic digestion reactor. The mixing was evaluated by examining parameters such as velocity patterns, dead zones, and residence time distribution. Dead zones were observed in both the mixing section and the expanded sludge bed section.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hamed Aali, Saman Kazemi, Roxana Saghafian Larijani, Reza Zarghami, Navid Mostoufi
Summary: This study aims to simulate the breakage of nonspherical rod-shaped particles in a pseudo-2D fluidized bed using a coupled computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method. The effect of inlet gas velocity and size of particles on breakage rate and bed height was examined. It was observed that the breakage phenomenon is more severe at the beginning of simulation, and its intensity decreases over time. The breakage rate is directly related to the diameter of constituent spheres of particles and fluidization gas velocity, and most breakages occur near the bed wall.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Monir Sheibani, Farhang Jalali-Farahani, Reza Zarghami, Sima Sadrai
Summary: This study developed an integrated mathematical model of the insulin signaling network, which can simulate the signaling events more comprehensively with the added key components. The proposed model accurately simulates the trends of all signaling components and can be used for better understanding of the causes and potential treatment of type 2 diabetes.
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hamed Hoorijani, Behrad Esgandari, Reza Zarghami, Rahmat Sotudeh-Gharebagh, Navid Mostoufi
Summary: This study investigates the heat transfer characteristics of spout-fluid beds using computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method. The results show that the jet-in-fluidized bed flow regime exhibits higher heat transfer efficiency due to the presence of bubbles in the annulus. The spouting-with-aeration flow regime demonstrates better convective heat transfer compared to the intermediate/spout-fluidization flow regime.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Hamid Reza Norouzi, Shahab Golshan, Reza Zarghami
Summary: This article investigates the accuracies, implementation issues, and limitations of drag force models for various systems, collecting data points from multiple sources to evaluate their performance. A comprehensive discussion on the accuracy and application of these models, specifically on mono-dispersed and poly-dispersed spherical particles, is provided in the article.
CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND PROCESS MODELING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Bingyao Wang, Tianyi Cai, Xiaoshu Cai, Wu Zhou, Zeqi Liu
Summary: The size and morphology of nanoparticles significantly impact their performance. Current methods, such as electron microscopy or atomic force microscopy, have limitations in sample preparation, processing time, and quantitative characterization. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a fast, accurate, and statistical method for measuring nanoparticle size and morphology. In this study, a new method called polarized imaging dynamic light scattering (PIDLS) is proposed, which irradiates nanoparticles with a vertical linearly polarized laser beam and utilizes a polarization camera to collect dynamic light scattering images at different polarization directions. The method effectively determines particle size, morphology, and sphericity based on depolarization patterns and degree of linear polarization. PIDLS also enables simultaneous measurement of particle size and morphology distributions, allowing for the evaluation of particle uniformity. The effectiveness of PIDLS is validated with the measurement of five types of industrial titanium dioxide.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qingye Meng, Shuangling Zhong, Jingfei Wang, Zhenqian Zhang, Yan Gao, Xuejun Cui
Summary: In this study, a non-toxic natural polysaccharide, sodium alginate (SA), was developed for targeted delivery of curcumin (CUR) in tumor therapy. The CUR was coated in microcapsules using a quick, efficient, and environment-friendly sonochemical method. The microcapsules showed similar toxicity to free curcumin in anti-tumour evaluation and exhibited effective antibacterial properties. This research has the potential to provide a low-cost tumor targeting vector and can be promoted for clinical application.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Christin Velten, Mirko Ebert, Christian Lessig, Katharina Zaehringer
Summary: Ray tracing Particle Image Velocimetry (RT-PIV) is an optical technique that corrects for distortions in velocity measurements caused by transparent geometries in challenging optical systems. This study focuses on the challenges and implications of using RT-PIV in a body centred cubic (bcc) sphere packing with gaseous flow, where transparent glass balls are used for optical access. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the method in reconstructing velocity fields behind transparent spheres.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yanhao Ye, Ji Xu, Wei Ge
Summary: By modeling neighboring particles as a single coarse-grained particle, the discrete particle method (DPM) can now simulate industrial-scale particle-fluid systems. However, there is still a lack of a systematic approach to determine the properties and interaction models of these coarse-grained particles, which affects the predictability of the method. In this study, kernel functions for modeling the coarse-grained particles are constructed based on the analysis of collisions between predefined particle groups, and the model parameters are determined by equating the statistical properties of the coarse-grained particles to those of the real particles. This approach has been effective in simulating the homogeneous cooling of granular gas and experimental fluidized beds.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Boris I. Kharisov, Oxana V. Kharissova, Lucy T. Gonzalez, Yolanda Pena Mendez, Igor E. Uflyand, Idalia Gomez de la Fuente
Summary: Hydroxyapatite (HA) composites with carbon allotropes and nanocarbons are rapidly developing in materials chemistry, especially for medical applications. These composites can be synthesized using various methods and exhibit biocompatibility and hemocompatibility, making them suitable for bone regeneration and wastewater treatment.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xing Li, Qun Chen, Zhaozhao Liu, Cheng Zhou, Chen Wang, Chen Chen
Summary: The particle size distribution (PSD) curve is an important expression of soil properties. However, existing characteristic parameters can only represent some points of the curve and fail to capture all the information. This paper introduces a new fraction characteristic parameter based on grading entropy and proposes a refined presentation method for the PSD curve. The new method not only represents the differences in curve width more accurately but also has higher discrimination ability. The application of this method in describing deposit distribution and predicting soil hydraulic conductivity is discussed. The research results can provide reference for the refined representation of PSD curves.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qingjin Zhang, Liangliang Fu, Guangwen Xu, Dingrong Bai
Summary: This study comprehensively analyzes the temperature effect on the minimum fluidization velocity (Umf) in fluidized-bed reactors. The analysis reveals the influence of temperature on Umf is determined by the relative importance of hydrodynamic forces and interparticle forces, which result in changes in gas properties, bed voidage, and physiochemical characteristics of particles. An equation is derived to predict the temperature influences on Umf under broad temperature conditions.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Josephine Oppotsch, Matthias Steinke, Miriam Fritsch, Fritz -Herbert Heinsius, Thomas Held, Nikoline Hilse, Viktor Scherer, Ulrich Wiedner
Summary: This work is the second part of a simulation study on processing densely packed and moving granular assemblies using PEPT. A cost-effective PET-like detector system is being developed to overcome the high cost of PET scanners commonly used for PEPT. Monte Carlo simulations and Geant4 software were used to study the spatial resolution of different scenarios, and it was found that oversampling and iteration improved the resolution significantly.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lian Duan, Zhixun Xia, Yunchao Feng, Binbin Chen, Likun Ma, Jianxin Hu
Summary: In this study, boron-magnesium agglomerates with varying mass ratios were prepared and the combustion process of these agglomerates under different oxygen-rich concentrations were investigated. The results showed that when the mass fraction of magnesium powder in boron-magnesium agglomerates exceeded a certain threshold, a transient flameout process occurred. This process is affected by the magnesium content of the agglomerate and the oxygen concentration in the ambient atmosphere.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lixia Hou, Chunxiao Qu, Min Su, Zhihan Liang, Qi Hao
Summary: This study investigates the impact of polymer modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles on lysozyme (Lys) crystallization under different conditions, using functionalized Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (Polymer C@Fe3O4) as nucleation agents. The findings show that the surface charge density of Polymer C@Fe3O4 is highest at a modification mass ratio of 8:3 for Fe3O4 to Polymer C. By adding 15% of the PolymerC@Fe3O4 prepared from Fe3O4 with an average particle size of 150 nm, magnetic core lysozyme (M-Lys) crystals with an average particle size of 11.08 mm, narrow size distribution, and regular morphology were obtained with a yield of 82.42% within 60 min.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Fangling Hu, Liangliang Fu, Qingjin Zhang, Guangwen Xu, Dingrong Bai
Summary: This study proposes a method for synthesizing high-quality forsterite using abundant boron mud waste through high-temperature thermochemical reactions. The reaction can be completed rapidly at low temperatures due to the high reactivity of fine raw powder materials. The synthesized forsterite products exhibit high densification, well-developed grains, and an activation energy of 165.5 kJ/mol in the temperature range of 1100-1500°C. This study provides a low-cost method for producing forsterite and an efficient solution for treating solid waste.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yi Liu, Yunyan Guo, Rui Zhu, Jinqiang Zhou, Zhengxu Lin, Kai Han, Chongwei An, Jingyu Wang, Bidong Wu
Summary: Improved controllability and energy density of ignition agents are important for the development of energetic composite materials. In this study, HNS/CL-20 composite microspheres were prepared using droplet microfluidics and emulsification techniques with GAP as the binder. The microspheres exhibited higher sphericity and particle size uniformity compared to raw HNS, and retained the crystal structure of both HNS and CL-20. The microspheres also showed higher apparent activation energy, better safety performance, and good dispersibility, demonstrating excellent ignition performance and significant energy release effects.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Max Kriegeskorte, Nikoline Hilse, Phil Spatz, Viktor Scherer
Summary: This study experimentally analyzed the particle mechanics of a single floor in a multiple hearth furnace. The results showed that increasing the blade angle led to an increase in the particle free surface area. The frequency distribution of the mean distance among particles provided information about the morphology of the particle bulk.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Min Cai, Shuangzhu Kong, Sheng Chen, Mengxi Liu, Chunxi Lu
Summary: Reasonable reactor design is crucial for increasing the C2 yield in the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM). This study focused on large-scale fluidized bed reactors and conducted experiments and simulations to investigate their hydrodynamics and reaction performance. The results showed that the consecutive reactions of ethylene were severe in the bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) reactor due to gas back-mixing, high solids holdup, and non-uniform solids distribution, while they were negligible in the riser reactor. Both reactors achieved isothermal operation for the OCM process, with the riser reactor showing higher C2 selectivity and yield compared to the BFB reactor. This study provides valuable information for OCM reactor design and commercialization.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jiangkui Hu, Shijie Yang, Yingying Pei, Xilong Wang, Yulong Liao, Shuai Li, Aolong Yue, Jia-Qi Huang, Hong Yuan
Summary: This review discusses the interfacial issues in all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) based on sulfide solid electrolytes (SEs) and high-voltage cathodes, and proposes strategies to stabilize the electrolyte/cathode interfaces. The future research direction of electrolyte/cathode interfaces and the application prospects of powder technology in sulfide-based ASSLBs are also discussed.