Article
Food Science & Technology
Shu-Chieh Hu, Seonggi Min, Hyun-Ki Kang, Dong-Jin Yang, Mallikarjuna Basavarajappa, Sherry M. Lewis, Kelly J. Davis, Ralph E. Patton, Matthew S. Bryant, Estatira Sepehr, Raul Trbojevich, Mason G. Pearce, Michelle E. Bishop, Wei Ding, Robert H. Heflich, MacKean P. Maisha, Robert Felton, Susan Chemerynski, Steven B. Yee, Melis Coraggio, Hans Rosenfeldt, R. Philip Yeager, Paul C. Howard, Yunan Tang
Summary: In this study, the subchronic inhalation toxicity of NNK (a key substance in tobacco) was evaluated in rats. The results showed that NNK exposure caused multiple adverse effects, with non-neoplastic lesions in the nose being the most sensitive endpoint. Additionally, although a genotoxic biomarker was detected, genotoxicity from NNK exposure was negative in the micronucleus and comet assays.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Toxicology
Shu-Chieh Hu, Seonggi Min, Hyun-Ki Kang, Dong-Jin Yang, Sherry M. Lewis, Kelly J. Davis, Ralph E. Patton, Matthew S. Bryant, Estatira Sepehr, Raul Trbojevich, Mason G. Pearce, Michelle E. Bishop, Robert H. Heflich, MacKean P. Maisha, Robert Felton, Susan Chemerynski, Steven B. Yee, Melis Coraggio, Hans Rosenfeldt, R. Philip Yeager, Paul C. Howard, Yunan Tang
Summary: The subacute inhalation toxicity of NNK in Sprague Dawley rats led to multiple adverse effects, with the most sensitive endpoint being non-neoplastic histopathological lesions in the nose. The lowest-observed-adverse-effect level (LOAEL) was determined to be 0.8mg/kg BW/day or 0.03mg/L air for 1h/day for both sexes. Additionally, the assessment of Haber's Rule showed that longer exposure to a lower dose of NNK aerosol resulted in greater adverse effects than shorter exposure to a higher concentration.
TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Sara Thuresson, Carl-Johan Fraenkel, Sviataslau Sasinovich, Jonathan Soldemyr, Anders Widell, Patrik Medstrand, Malin Alsved, Jakob Londahl
Summary: Our study indicates that major risk factors for airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 include close physical proximity to the patient, high viral load in the patient, and inadequate room ventilation. Traditional definitions of AGPs appear to be of secondary importance.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Marie-Pierre Berrada-Gomez, Beatrice Bui, Hanna Bondarenko, Pierre-Jacques Ferret
Summary: In this study, the droplet/particle size distribution of 78 cosmetic sprays was investigated using laser diffraction. The analysis showed that pump sprays released an average of 0.5% of respirable particles, while propellant-based sprays released an average of 15.25%. Dry shampoos had the highest percentage of respirable particles. The study also revealed that the spray dispensing system, product type, and galenic form influenced the droplet/particle size distribution.
REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Toxicology
Ulrike Kogel, Ee Tsin Wong, Justyna Szostak, Wei Teck Tan, Francesco Lucci, Patrice Leroy, Bjoern Titz, Yang Xiang, Tiffany Low, Sin Kei Wong, Emmanuel Guedj, Nikolai V. Ivanov, Walter K. Schlage, Manuel C. Peitsch, Arkadiusz Kuczaj, Patrick Vanscheeuwijck, Julia Hoeng
Summary: Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiovascular disease. Mice exposed to cigarette smoke in both whole-body and nose-only exposure systems showed respiratory and cardiovascular effects, with more severe outcomes observed in the nose-only exposure group.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Benno Wessely, Michael Stintz, Juergen Nolde, Otto Creutzenberg
Summary: This study investigates the transport and alteration behavior of aerosols from low density powders. It found that cascade impactors are not suitable for measuring low density powders, and laser diffraction spectroscopy proves to be a successful alternative method, particularly for aerosols from low density pyrogenic powders. Results indicate the importance of monitoring aerosol particle size throughout the entire acute inhalation test period.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Toxicology
Shu-Chieh Hu, Matthew S. Bryant, Estatira Sepehr, Hyun-Ki Kang, Raul Trbojevich, Guy Lagaud, Darshan Mehta, Wei Ding, Roberta A. Mittelstaedt, Mason G. Pearce, Michelle E. Bishop, Kelly J. Davis, Sherry M. Lewis, Susan Chemerynski, Steven B. Yee, Melis Coraggio, Hans Rosenfeldt, R. Philip Yeager, Paul C. Howard, Yunan Tang
Summary: This study investigated the toxicokinetics and genotoxicity of NNK in vivo through three different routes of administration in rats. The results demonstrated that NNK was rapidly absorbed and extensively metabolized, with the intraperitoneal route showing the highest systemic exposure. Inhalation route exhibited more efficient metabolism to NNAL compared to intraperitoneal or oral routes. NNK induced significant DNA damage in tissues through all three routes of administration.
TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Qingguo Ren, Yanli Feng
Summary: Ganciclovir combined with interferon atomization inhalation can regulate the changes of T lymphocyte subsets in patients with EBV infection, improve the patient's condition, and has no obvious adverse reactions.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Md. M. Rahman, Ming Zhao, S. Mohammad Islam, Kejun Dong, C. Suvash Saha
Summary: This study investigated the deposition of inhaled aerosol particles in the lungs of people aged 50-70, using computational fluid dynamics. It was found that particle size and age can both impact the deposition location and quantity of particles in the lungs.
ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Peter Couroux, Alexandre Brkovic, Jason L. Vittitow, Robert J. Israel, Chinna Pamidi, Jignesh Patel, Maxime Barakat
Summary: This study evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetics of four single-dose regimens of ribavirin aerosol in healthy volunteers. The results showed that ribavirin aerosol demonstrated systemic exposure with minimal systemic effects, supporting its continued clinical development as a treatment option for coronaviruses.
CTS-CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Seyede Zahra Mohammadi, Hossein Nejat Pishkenari, Majid Mohammadi Moghaddam, Mohammadreza Sajjadi
Summary: The study introduced a novel strategy based on particle motion mode to control the manipulation process of bio-particles using an atomic force microscope. The control equations consider 6 degrees of freedom, and the manipulation process includes sticking and sliding phases. A simple proportional controller was shown to be able to safely steer particles to their target point without any overshoot.
JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Peiyang Li, Jacek A. Koziel, Jeffrey J. Zimmerman, Steven J. Hoff, Jianqiang Zhang, Ting-Yu Cheng, Wannarat Yim-Im, Myeongseong Lee, Baitong Chen, William S. Jenks
Summary: This study built and tested a virus aerosolization system, ensuring uniform and repeatable aerosol generation and collection through effective control of flow rates and airflow distribution, while verifying impinger performance. The results showed that the system is ready for research on virus aerosolization and treatment, with potential for laboratory-scale research on other types of airborne pathogens.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Md. M. Rahman, Ming Zhao, Mohammad S. Islam, Kejun Dong, Suvash C. Saha
Summary: The study investigates the transport and deposition of particles in the airways of human lungs, finding that larger particle sizes and higher flow rates lead to higher deposition efficiency in the airways.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Wei-You Li, Shuhui Yin, Szu-Wei Huang, Ming-Hui Yang, Patricia MT. Chen, Shang-Rung Wu, Kevin Welsher, Haw Yang, Yi-Ming Arthur Chen
Summary: This study observed the interaction trajectories between HIV-1 virus-like particles (VLPs) and CD4 cells using a three-dimensional multi-resolution real-time microscope system (3D-MRM). It identified three distinct movement patterns and analyzed the spatial-temporal relationship between the VLP trajectories and CD4 cells. The encapsulating method used in this study increases the accuracy of real-time and three-dimensional observation of HIV-1-CD4 cell interaction.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Puneet Kumar Verma, Dinesh Sah, Jitendra Dubey, K. Maharaj Kumari, Anita Lakhani
Summary: The study showed that combustion of different biomass fuels results in emission of PAHs, which have carcinogenic and mutagenic effects on human health. Coal, charcoal, and various wood types were found to emit the highest levels of PAHs, while Polyalthia longifolia emitted the least.
CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY
(2021)