Article
Neuroimaging
Samantha Tan, Septian Hartono, Thomas Welton, Chu Ning Ann, Soo Lee Lim, Tong San Koh, Huihua Li, Fiona Setiawan, Samuel Ng, Nicole Chia, Saifeng Liu, E. Mark Haacke, Eng King Tan, Louis Chew Seng Tan, Ling Ling Chan
Summary: QSM and DKI are complementary tools that provide valuable insights into the complex pathological changes in early Parkinson's disease, particularly in relation to iron deposition and microstructural alterations. These technologies have the potential to be clinically useful for early diagnosis and assessment of PD.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Xun Zhang, Lei Li, Longxiu Qi, Yigang Fu, Dingming Sun, Songjie Chen, Weihu Xu, Changxia Liu, Xiao Zhou, Guojun He
Summary: This study used quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) technique to analyze the distribution pattern of iron deposition in the basal ganglia region of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with different motor subtypes, and explored the difference in iron content based on the major motor symptomatic side.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Neuroimaging
Celine Charroud, Luca Turella
Summary: The study found general atrophy in subcortical regions of Parkinson's disease patients at baseline and 48 months, with reduced volume in the thalamus and increased volume in the pallidum potentially related to decline in motor skills. VBM and volumetry methods provide complementary aspects of brain degeneration in PD.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Juan Wang, Xiaoting Wang, Hui Li, Limin Shi, Ning Song, Junxia Xie
Summary: In this review, the latest information related to movement disorders and modulations in Parkinson's disease (PD) is provided, with a focus on brain regions and neuronal circuits. Updates on deep brain stimulation (DBS) and other factors for motor improvement in PD are also discussed.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Neuroimaging
Sonia Di Tella, Sara Isernia, Monia Cabinio, Federica Rossetto, Francesca Borgnis, Chiara Pagliari, Marta Cazzoli, Jorge Navarro, Maria Caterina Silveri, Francesca Baglio
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of proxies for cognitive reserve on the basal ganglia and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in early Parkinson's disease. The results showed that cognitive reserve proxies, particularly education and leisure time activities, play a protective role in the structural integrity of these brain regions in the early stages of Parkinson's disease.
BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Daniele Belvisi, Andrea Fabbrini, Maria Ilenia De Bartolo, Matteo Costanzo, Nicoletta Manzo, Giovanni Fabbrini, Giovanni Defazio, Antonella Conte, Alfredo Berardelli
Summary: The study aimed to identify the pathophysiological substrate of Parkinson's disease subtypes using neurophysiological techniques. Two clinical clusters were identified, with one having milder symptoms and the other having a combination of severe motor and nonmotor manifestations. Differences in motor system dysfunction were observed between the subtypes, while sensory function and sensorimotor integration mechanisms did not differ.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Amr H. Abdeen, Benjamin G. Trist, Kay L. Double
Summary: This study used the Bradford Hill model of causation to evaluate the impact of iron and copper levels, as well as iron- and copper-associated proteins and genes, on the etiology of Parkinson's disease. The findings suggest that dysregulation of iron and copper is causally linked to the development of Parkinson's disease.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Jhielson M. Pimentel, Renan C. Moioli, Mariana F. P. de Araujo, Caetano M. Ranieri, Roseli A. F. Romero, Frank Broz, Patricia A. Vargas
Summary: The study introduces a new neurorobotics model that embeds a computational model of Parkinson's Disease in a real robot, allowing for further exploration of the disease dynamics and potential testing of new therapies. The model demonstrates the capability of performing simple tasks with different levels of motor disturbance in both healthy and parkinsonian conditions. It serves as a foundation for the development of more sophisticated models that could aid in reducing animal use in research and improving PD treatments.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROROBOTICS
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Joshua Kearney, John-Stuart Brittain
Summary: Sensory attenuation describes the modulation of sensory input caused by motor intent, which appears to be altered in Parkinson's disease. The role of task-relevance in modulating sensory input is crucial. Paradigms of sensory attenuation across different sensory modalities reveal how two identical stimuli can elicit different perceptual experiences based on predictions and context.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nabeela Nathoo, Myrlene Gee, Krista Nelles, Jacqueline Burt, Hongfu Sun, Peter Seres, Alan H. Wilman, Christian Beaulieu, Fang Ba, Richard Camicioli
Summary: This study found that susceptibilities in basal ganglia and extra-basal ganglia structures are related to qualitative measures of gait impairment and freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jin Juan Kang, Yue Chen, Guo Dong Xu, Shan Lei Bao, Jie Wang, Min Ge, Li Hua Shen, Zhong Zheng Jia
Summary: The magnetic susceptibility value and radiomics features of the nigrostriatal system could play a crucial role in diagnosing Parkinson's disease and its related cognitive impairment.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Monavareh Soti, Hoda Ranjbar, Kristi A. Kohlmeier, Mohammad Shabani
Summary: Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons. Recent studies have shown that modulation of GABA and cannabinoid receptors can improve motor functions in Parkinson's disease patients. Therefore, investigating the changes of cannabinoid receptors in different stages of the disease and utilizing them in treatment could be significant for Parkinson's disease management.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Neuroimaging
Renzo Torrecuso, Karsten Mueller, Stefan Holiga, Tomas Sieger, Josef Vymazal, Filip Ruzicka, Jan Roth, Evzen Ruzicka, Matthias L. Schroeter, Robert Jech, Harald E. Moeller
Summary: The study identifies three limitations in using the paradigm of finger tapping and rest with the general linear model (GLM) for motor activity assessment in Parkinson's disease (PD) using functional magnetic imaging (fMRI). The study proposes improvements in the GLM by integrating a kinematic approach and using an event-related design. The findings suggest that these improvements enhance the detection of activations in subcortical structures and capture medication-related effects in the putamen.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elior Drori, Shai Berman, Aviv A. Mezer
Summary: We developed a method to identify and quantify gradients of microstructure in the single human brain in vivo, and found robust spatial gradients in the striatum. We also discovered a relationship between striatal structural gradients and cortical hierarchy, as well as abnormal gradients in Parkinson's disease patients, explaining their dopaminergic loss and motor dysfunction.
Article
Neurosciences
Jinyoung Youn, Ji Hye Won, Mansu Kim, Junmo Kwon, Seung Hwan Moon, Minkyeong Kim, Jong Hyun Ahn, Jun Kyu Mun, Hyunjin Park, Jin Whan Cho
Summary: This study investigates the brain structures relevant to motor reserve in Parkinson's disease (PD) and finds that the extra-basal ganglia system, including limbic and frontal structures, is associated with motor reserve.
JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Zoltan Nagy, Chloe Hutton, Gergely David, Natalie Hinterholzer, Ralf Deichmann, Nikolaus Weiskopf, S. Johanna Vannesjo
Summary: Sampling the BOLD response with high temporal resolution provides new opportunities to study the functioning of the human brain. This study presents a method that combines a sparse event-related stimulus paradigm with data reshuffling to achieve high temporal resolution while maintaining high signal levels.
Article
Neurosciences
Luke J. Edwards, Peter McColgan, Saskia Helbling, Angeliki Zarkali, Lenka Vaculciakova, Kerrin J. Pine, Fred Dick, Nikolaus Weiskopf
Summary: The study investigated the associations between qMRI parameters and neocortical cell types by comparing the spatial distribution of qMRI parameters to gene expression from the Allen Human Brain Atlas. The results suggest that qMRI parameters could potentially be used as biomarkers for specific cell types.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Masud Husain
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology
Sean James Fallon, Chevonne van Rhee, Annika Kienast, Sanjay G. Manohar, Masud Husain
Summary: Working memory impairments in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) were investigated, with a focus on the precision of recall, the order of recall, and attentional lapses. Different tasks were used to examine the quality of WM recall under different loads and retention periods. The results showed that overall recall was not significantly impaired in a simple measure of WM recall, but there was evidence of increased guessing. However, in a new analogue version of the Corsi-span task, there was a reduction in the precision of spatial WM at higher loads and misremembering item order.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lisa Nobis, Maria Raquel Maio, Youssuf Saleh, Sanjay Manohar, Annika Kienast, Emily McGann, Masud Husain
Summary: This study investigated the impact of serotonergic modulation on motivated decision-making in Parkinson's disease patients. The results showed that citalopram administration could influence patients' willingness to exert effort for reward and affect their risk aversion levels. However, the role of non-dopaminergic mechanisms in this process is still unclear.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Thomas E. Cope, Ediz Sohoglu, Katie A. Peterson, P. Simon Jones, Catarina Rua, Luca Passamonti, William Sedley, Brechtje Post, Jan Coebergh, Christopher R. Butler, Peter Garrard, Khaled Abdel-Aziz, Masud Husain, Timothy D. Griffiths, Karalyn Patterson, Matthew H. Davis, James B. Rowe
Summary: Humans use predictions to improve speech perception, especially in noisy environments. Brain representations of written phonological predictions and degraded speech signals were decoded using 7-T functional MRI in both healthy humans and people with frontal neurodegeneration. Different neural populations process verified and violated predictions in the inferior frontal gyrus, while the precentral gyrus combines phonological information with prediction error. Frontal neurodegeneration leads to inflexible predictions and neural manifestations include failure to suppress incorrect predictions in the anterior superior temporal gyrus and reduced stability of phonological representations in the precentral gyrus. A tripartite speech perception network is proposed, with the inferior frontal gyrus supporting prediction reconciliation and the precentral gyrus using a motor model to refine perceptual predictions for speech.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Xin You Tai, Emma Torzillo, Donald M. Lyall, Sanjay Manohar, Masud Husain, Arjune Sen
Summary: This study compared the risks of developing dementia in individuals with focal epilepsy, stroke, migraine, and healthy controls, and examined the impact of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. The findings indicate that focal epilepsy is associated with a higher risk of dementia compared to stroke and migraine, especially in individuals with high cardiovascular risk.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Younes A. Tabi, Masud Husain
Summary: The concept of specific assessments of the function of a particular lobe of the brain is outdated. Brain network function is supported by large-scale networks with long-range connections. It is more appropriate to discuss the contributions of parietal areas to specific functions. Nevertheless, simple bedside assessments can still often indicate parietal dysfunction or reveal impairments in functions that parietal regions normally contribute to.
PRACTICAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Masud Husain
Article
Neurosciences
Tineke K. Steiger, Mushfa Yousuf, Nico Bunzeck
Summary: Novelty can enhance long-term memory, but this effect may be reduced in aging brain. In this study, researchers used functional MRI to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying the impact of novelty on memory in young and older adults. Age-related differences were found in neural activation patterns, suggesting that the effect of novelty on memory may decline with age.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Michela Azzarito, Tim M. Emmenegger, Gabriel Ziegler, Eveline Huber, Patrick Grabher, Martina F. Callaghan, Alan Thompson, Karl Friston, Nikolaus Weiskopf, Tim Killeen, Patrick Freund
Summary: Motor skill learning involves neural plasticity in the motor and limbic systems. This study used a computer-based motion game training to examine the temporal and spatial characteristics of microstructural changes in the brain during skill acquisition. The results showed performance improvements and distributed grey and white matter plasticity across a sensorimotor network.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Sijia Zhao, Sofia Toniolo, Adam Hampshire, Masud Husain
Summary: COVID-19 is associated with a range of neurological, cognitive, and mental health symptoms that can persist for many months after infection in people with long-COVID syndrome. Investigations have revealed that these symptoms may be related to brain imaging abnormalities, but can also occur in the absence of objective cognitive deficits or neuroimaging changes. Furthermore, cognitive impairment may even be detected in asymptomatic individuals.
TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sean James Fallon, Olivia Plant, Younes A. Tabi, Sanjay G. Manohar, Masud Husain
Summary: The effects of withdrawal of rivastigmine on attention and cognitive control in patients with Parkinson's disease dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies were investigated. The results showed that rivastigmine withdrawal impaired attentional efficacy without affecting inhibitory control. Short-term memory performance was worse when patients were off rivastigmine. However, cognitively complex tasks requiring control over working memory were not significantly impaired by rivastigmine withdrawal.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Elisa Lancini, Lena Haag, Franziska Bartl, Maren Ruehling, Nicholas J. Ashton, Henrik Zetterberg, Emrah Duezel, Dorothea Haemmerer, Matthew J. Betts
Summary: The noradrenergic system undergoes pathological modifications in aging and neurodegenerative diseases, and significant neuronal loss in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. A meta-analysis found that individuals with Parkinson's disease had decreased levels of CSF noradrenaline and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol, as well as noradrenaline transporters availability in the hypothalamus. In Alzheimer's disease dementia, only 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol levels were increased compared to controls. Further studies are needed to understand the association between these biomarkers and clinical symptoms and pathology.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Xin You Tai, Emma Torzillo, Donald M. Lyall, Sanjay Manohar, Masud Husain, Arjune Sen
Summary: This study found that focal epilepsy is significantly associated with a higher risk of developing dementia, particularly in individuals with high cardiovascular risk. Targeting modifiable cardiovascular risk factors may be an effective intervention to reduce dementia risk in individuals with epilepsy.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jun-Pyo Hong, Hanim Kwon, Euyhyun Park, Sun-Uk Lee, Chan-Nyoung Lee, Byung-Jo Kim, Ji-Soo Kim, Kun-Woo Park
Summary: In patients with mild-to-moderate PD, vestibular function assessed by video head-impulse tests appears relatively preserved and has minimal impact on the risk of falls. Risk of postural instability is associated with the severity of clinical symptoms in PD.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yaqin Xiang, XiuRong Huang, Qian Xu, Zhenhua Liu, Yase Chen, Qiying Sun, Junling Wang, Hong Jiang, Lu Shen, Xinxiang Yan, Beisha Tang, Jifeng Guo
Summary: Using the novel data-driven method DEBM, this study determined the sequence of several common biomarker changes in Parkinson's disease (PD). The left putamen was found to be the earliest biomarker to become abnormal, followed by the right putamen, CSF alpha-synuclein, right caudate, left caudate, and serum NfL. The estimated disease stages showed significant differences between PD and healthy controls, and achieved a high accuracy for distinguishing PD from HC.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yan Li, David J. McLernon, Carl E. Counsell, Angus D. Macleod
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors for institutionalisation in Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonism (AP). The study found that institutionalisation was more frequent in AP compared to PD and controls. Age, poorer cognition, and more-severe parkinsonian impairment were independent predictors of institutionalisation.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2024)