Review
Neurosciences
Carlo Cattaneo, Wolfgang H. Jost
Summary: Continuous medical progress has led to longer life expectancy, but also an increase in neurological disorders. Parkinson's disease, the fastest growing neurological condition, is associated with both motor and non-motor symptoms, with pain being a common yet often overlooked symptom. Accurate identification and treatment of Parkinson's disease pain is crucial.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Stefania Diaconu, Laura Irincu, Larisa Ungureanu, Bogdan Ciopleias, Diana Tint, Cristian Falup-Pecurariu
Summary: In this cross-sectional study of 131 Parkinson's disease patients, 26.71% met the diagnostic criteria for restless legs syndrome (RLS). RLS was associated with poorer sleep quality and significant correlations were found between RLS and certain types of pain (especially nocturnal pain), physical fatigue, and probable sleep-disordered breathing.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Gabriel E. Vazquez-Velez, Huda Y. Zoghbi
Summary: Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by degeneration of the substantia nigra pars compacta and accumulation of alpha-synuclein in Lewy bodies. Genetic factors play an important role in PD pathophysiology, with dysfunction of endosomal, lysosomal, and mitochondrial pathways being associated with the disease. This knowledge could be utilized for developing disease-modifying therapeutics.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF NEUROSCIENCE, VOL 44, 2021
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Mohammad Rafi Khezri, Keyvan Yousefi, Naime Majidi Zolbanin, Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases, a major cause of mortality and functional dependence among the elderly, have a low success rate in clinical pipelines. MicroRNAs play a crucial role in regulating the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases, and alterations in certain microRNA levels in clinical samples may have significant clinical implications.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Michiel F. Dirkx, Matteo Bologna
Summary: This article reviews the dysfunctional network underlying tremor in PD, discusses the oscillations and synchronization changes in two central motor circuits, and emphasizes the pathophysiological consequences of the abnormal interaction between the two systems.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sotirios Polychronis, Grigorios Nasios, Efthimios Dardiotis, Lambros Messinis, Gennaro Pagano
Summary: The exact pathophysiological mechanism of drooling in Parkinson's disease (PD) is not fully understood, but it is associated with various clinical features and neuroimaging findings.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Giuseppe Giannaccare, Carla Ghelardini, Alessandra Mancini, Vincenzo Scorcia, Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
Summary: Ocular discomfort and eye pain are common symptoms in patients with dry eye disease (DED), presenting a challenge for ophthalmologists. Recent research suggests that enkephalins, endorphins, and dynorphins, which are endogenous opioid peptides, may play a role in modulating eye pain sensations. This opens up new possibilities for therapeutic approaches in managing ocular discomfort and eye pain in DED.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Samir Kumar Beura, Abhishek Ramachandra Panigrahi, Pooja Yadav, Sunil Kumar Singh
Summary: Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor and non-motor dysfunctions. Platelets play an important role in Parkinson's disease and may be a target for treatment.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Zhi Dong Zhou, Ling Xiao Yi, Dennis Qing Wang, Tit Meng Lim, Eng King Tan
Summary: A pathological feature of Parkinson's disease is the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons and decreased dopamine content in the brain. Dopamine interacts with environmental and genetic factors to contribute to the disease. Abnormalities in dopamine synthesis, storage, transportation, and metabolism promote neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease. The unstable nature of dopamine leads to the production of reactive and toxic by-products. This summary highlights recent discoveries on the role of dopamine in Parkinson's disease and discusses potential strategies for protection and treatment.
TRANSLATIONAL NEURODEGENERATION
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Omidvar Rezaei, Saeedeh Nateghinia, Mehrdad A. Estiar, Mohammad Taheri, Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
Summary: Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes motor abnormalities in middle-aged and elderly individuals, with clinical signs including bradykinesia, rigidity, and resting tremor. Dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) in brain tissues, plasma exosomes, and leukocytes has been implicated in the pathogenesis of PD.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Vinod Metta, Guy Chung-Faye, Hani T. S. Benamer, Rukmini Mrudula, Vinay Goyal, Cristian Falup-Pecurariu, Neha Muralidharan, Desh Deepak, Mohammed Abdulraheem, Rupam Borgohain, Kallol Ray Chaudhuri
Summary: Parkinson's disease is a chronic and progressive neurological disorder, ranking as the second most common neurodegenerative condition. This study highlights the prevalence, pathophysiology, and evidence-based treatment strategies for three commonly overlooked symptoms in Parkinson's disease: hiccups, hypersalivation, and hallucinations. Early recognition and treatment are crucial for improving the quality of life for patients.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lina Pan, Lanxia Meng, Mingyang He, Zhentao Zhang
Summary: The pathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease include the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the formation of Lewy bodies in remaining neurons. In addition to alpha-Syn, Tau, associated with tauopathies like Alzheimer's disease, has also been found to play a role in the pathophysiology of PD. Understanding the structure and function of Tau may provide new targets for the early diagnosis and treatment of PD.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Benjamin Matis Pizarro-Galleguillos, Liesa Kunert, Norbert Brueggemann, Jannik Prasuhn
Summary: There is a need for disease-modifying therapies for neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD). However, clinical trial designs for these disorders face challenges in assessing the neuroprotective properties of potential drugs due to unknown individual disease mechanisms. Neuroimaging methods can provide insights into disease mechanisms, help with patient stratification, and map treatment responses. This review highlights the role of neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction in PD, discusses different neuroimaging modalities and their challenges, and explores opportunities for future clinical trials.
Review
Neurosciences
T. Warnecke, K-H Schaefer, I Claus, K. Del Tredici, W. H. Jost
Summary: Growing evidence suggests that dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) plays a significant role in Parkinson's disease (PD). Most PD patients experience symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, excessive saliva production, bloating, nausea, vomiting, delayed gastric emptying, and constipation. The accumulation of Lewy pathology in the GIT and central nervous system is thought to contribute to these symptoms. Complications, including malnutrition, dehydration, inadequate response to medications, pneumonia, intestinal obstruction, and megacolon, often require hospitalization. Diagnostic tools and novel treatment approaches are being developed, although more high-level evidence trials are needed. Additionally, the role of the GIT microbiome in PD is being increasingly recognized.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Fangzhi Jia, Avi Fellner, Kishore Raj Kumar
Summary: Parkinson's disease can be caused by a single pathogenic variant, but studying the genetic factors can provide important insights into the disease. This review discusses the different genetic forms, including their genotype, phenotype, pathophysiology, and geographic and ethnic distribution. It also highlights the influence of ethnicity and geography on monogenic Parkinson's disease and the need for global efforts to identify new candidate genes.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jun-Pyo Hong, Hanim Kwon, Euyhyun Park, Sun-Uk Lee, Chan-Nyoung Lee, Byung-Jo Kim, Ji-Soo Kim, Kun-Woo Park
Summary: In patients with mild-to-moderate PD, vestibular function assessed by video head-impulse tests appears relatively preserved and has minimal impact on the risk of falls. Risk of postural instability is associated with the severity of clinical symptoms in PD.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yaqin Xiang, XiuRong Huang, Qian Xu, Zhenhua Liu, Yase Chen, Qiying Sun, Junling Wang, Hong Jiang, Lu Shen, Xinxiang Yan, Beisha Tang, Jifeng Guo
Summary: Using the novel data-driven method DEBM, this study determined the sequence of several common biomarker changes in Parkinson's disease (PD). The left putamen was found to be the earliest biomarker to become abnormal, followed by the right putamen, CSF alpha-synuclein, right caudate, left caudate, and serum NfL. The estimated disease stages showed significant differences between PD and healthy controls, and achieved a high accuracy for distinguishing PD from HC.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yan Li, David J. McLernon, Carl E. Counsell, Angus D. Macleod
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors for institutionalisation in Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonism (AP). The study found that institutionalisation was more frequent in AP compared to PD and controls. Age, poorer cognition, and more-severe parkinsonian impairment were independent predictors of institutionalisation.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2024)