Article
Parasitology
Selene Rubiola, Tiziana Civera, Felice Panebianco, Davide Vercellino, Francesco Chiesa
Summary: The study reveals a high prevalence of Sarcocystis DNA in cattle in Italy, with 67.8% in slaughter cattle and 90.7% in BEM condemned carcasses. The most prevalent species in slaughter cattle were S. cruzi, followed by S. bovifelis, S. hominis, and S. hirsuta. The presence of S. bovifelis and S. hominis was significantly higher in samples isolated from BEM condemned carcasses.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2021)
Review
Parasitology
J. P. Dubey, B. M. Rosenthal
Summary: Infections by Sarcocystis in cattle are widespread and there is debate regarding their identity. Accurate diagnosis is important for assessing economic and public health impact. Seven named species and several unnamed species of Sarcocystis have been identified. Two species are zoonotic. Sarcocystis infections have also been linked to bovine eosinophilic myositis, which results in economic losses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Kui Tang, Danqu Lamu, Tao Qin, Zhe Liao, Mingzhu Zhang, Zhipeng Wu, Shuangsheng Deng, Jianping Tao, Junjie Hu
Summary: Sarcocystis cruzi and Sarcocystis poephagicanis, morphologically indistinguishable parasites found in cattle and yaks in China, were studied using light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and DNA analysis. The study revealed that both parasites have similar morphological characteristics and belong to the Sarcocystis spp. group in ruminants. Four genetic markers were analyzed, and cox1 and rpl6 were found to be suitable for distinguishing between the two species.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. M. Maisano, M. Luini, A. Gazzola, L. Sala, F. Vezzoli, L. Bertocchi, V. Lorenzi, P. Cremonesi, B. Castiglioni, S. Bergagna, A. Romano, E. Scaltriti, L. Bolzoni, I. Ivanovic, H. U. Graber
Summary: Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen causing mastitis in dairy cattle worldwide. The gene adlb is associated with the contagiousness of Staph. aureus CC8 strains, which have a high prevalence of intramammary infections (IMI). Environmental and milking management factors have minimal impact on the prevalence of Staph. aureus IMI.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Patrizia Spigaglia, Fabrizio Barbanti, Silvia Faccini, Mariella Vescovi, Enrico Maria Criscuolo, Rossella Ceruti, Clara Gaspano, Carlo Rosignoli
Summary: Novel strains of Clostridioides difficile can rapidly move between animal and human hosts. This study investigated the prevalence of C. difficile in pigs and dairy cattle in northern Italy and compared it with strains from patients in the same area. The study found high rates of C. difficile infection in pig farms and cattle farms, with young animals being more susceptible. The study highlights the importance of collaboration between physicians and veterinarians to prevent and control cross-species and geographical spread of infections.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Stella Agradi, Laura Menchetti, Giulio Curone, Massimo Faustini, Daniele Vigo, Luca Villa, Sergio Aurelio Zanzani, Rezart Postoli, Tana Shtylla Kika, Federica Riva, Susanna Draghi, Sebastiano Luridiana, Ivonne Archetti, Gabriele Brecchia, Maria Teresa Manfredi, Alessia Libera Gazzonis
Summary: Livestock biodiversity is being lost rapidly due to genetic selection and standardization of productions. Autochthonous breeds are a pivotal genetic resource with environment-specific adaptive features. Understanding the physiology and health of these breeds is crucial for conservation strategies.
Article
Oncology
Eva Negri, Vilma Scarpino, Carlo La Vecchia
Summary: Two population-based surveys in Italy and Lombardy found a significant percentage of people reporting Covid-19-like symptoms, even after the flu season had ended. The estimated number of individuals affected by Covid-19 is much higher than officially registered cases, indicating the need for increased measures for cancer prevention and treatment.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Federica Giorda, Paola Crociara, Barbara Iulini, Paola Gazzuola, Alessandra Favole, Maria Goria, Laura Serracca, Alessandro Dondo, Maria Ines Crescio, Tania Audino, Simone Peletto, Cristina Esmeralda Di Francesco, Maria Caramelli, Eva Sierra, Fabio Di Nocera, Giuseppe Lucifora, Antonio Petrella, Roberto Puleio, Sandro Mazzariol, Giovanni Di Guardo, Cristina Casalone, Carla Grattarola
Summary: This study describes the neuropathological changes in stranded cetaceans affected by dolphin morbillivirus infection, including astro-microgliosis and demyelination. The research suggests a higher neurotropic affinity of a novel circulating strain of the virus.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Arianna Meletiadis, Cristina Biolatti, Davide Mugetti, Teresa Zaccaria, Raffaella Cipriani, Monica Pitti, Lucia Decastelli, Francesca Cimino, Alessandro Dondo, Cristiana Maurella, Elena Bozzetta, Pier Luigi Acutis
Summary: Reptile-associated salmonellosis (RAS), an infection in humans acquired through contact with reptiles, exists in Italy with a prevalence similar to that reported in other countries. Studies have shown that preventive measures may not always be known or applied, highlighting the need for greater awareness and education on RAS and related preventive measures.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Daniela Manila Bianchi, Cristiana Maurella, Christian Lenzi, Massimo Fornasiero, Antonio Barbaro, Lucia Decastelli
Summary: This study investigated the influence of seasonality and food type on bacterial count and presence of enterotoxins in Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that winter had the highest bacterial count, while autumn, specifically in October, had the highest risk of enterotoxin production. Dairy products posed the greatest risk of contamination with S. aureus.
Article
Entomology
Annalisa Andreani, Chiara Beltramo, Maria Paola Ponzetta, Antonio Belcari, Patrizia Sacchetti, Pier Luigi Acutis, Simone Peletto
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the bacterial communities of L. fortisetosa in different life stages. Results showed significant differences in composition and relative abundance of bacterial taxa among the groups. Pathogenic genera of concern for human health were detected, suggesting the potential role of L. fortisetosa as a reservoir of harmful microorganisms and the need for further investigation.
MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Federica Cagnasso, Antonio Borrelli, Enrico Bottero, Elena Benvenuti, Riccardo Ferriani, Veronica Marchetti, Piero Ruggiero, Barbara Bruno, Cristiana Maurella, Paola Gianella
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical significance of three biomarkers (neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, albumin to globulin ratio, C-reactive protein to albumin ratio) in dogs with inflammatory protein-losing enteropathy caused by immunosuppressive-responsive enteropathy (IRE-PLE) at the time of diagnosis and after therapy. Increased values of all three biomarkers were detected in dogs with IRE-PLE at the time of diagnosis, and correlations were observed between some of these biomarkers and the existing chronic enteropathy activity index. Changes in all three biomarkers were observed after therapy. Further studies are needed to assess their clinical significance at a longer follow-up.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Barbara Bruno, Cristiana Maurella, Paola Gianella, Giulio Mengozzi, Erica Ferraris, Antonio Borrelli
Summary: This study observed the haemostasis characteristics in dogs undergoing surgery for malignancies, using rotational thromboelastometry and thrombin generation. The results showed a trend of hypercoagulability 24 hours after surgery and a return to pre-surgery state after 2 weeks.
Article
Microbiology
Roberta Battistini, Chiara Masotti, Cristiana Maurella, Erica Costa, Mino Orlandi, Mirvana Feletti, Carlo Ercolini, Laura Serracca
Summary: Long-term relaying of oysters to sites with lower NoV levels can effectively reduce the presence of NoV in live oysters, leading to improved oyster safety. Further investigations are needed to fully understand the potential of this method.
Article
Microbiology
Monica Pitti, Aitor Garcia-Vozmediano, Clara Tramuta, Cristiana Maurella, Lucia Decastelli
Summary: This study investigated the antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella strains isolated from humans in Piedmont, northwest Italy between 2012 and 2021. The findings showed that many strains exhibited resistance to at least one antibiotic, including tetracycline, ampicillin, quinolones, and gentamicin. However, there was a decrease in antimicrobial resistance over time, indicating the effectiveness of the measures taken to reduce resistance.
Article
Microbiology
Valeria Listorti, Aitor Garcia-Vozmediano, Monica Pitti, Cristiana Maurella, Daniela Adriano, Carlo Ercolini, Monica Dellepiane, Lisa Guardone, Elisabetta Razzuoli
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance is a major global public health challenge. This study investigated the circulation of Salmonella strains and their related antimicrobial resistance in human, environmental, and wild boar samples in northwest Italy. The results showed diverse antimicrobial resistance patterns in Salmonella strains isolated from different sources.
Article
Biology
Aida Daugaliyeva, Saule Daugaliyeva, Alexander Ashanin, Chiara Beltramo, Latipa Mamyrova, Zinagul Yessembekova, Simone Peletto
Summary: This study analyzed the microbial composition of rumen contents from cattle in Kazakhstan, finding that the solid fraction contained more methanogenic archaea compared to the liquid fraction. Differences in microbial distribution between rumen fractions were observed, and a relationship between methane emission and methanogenic microbiota was identified.
Article
Microbiology
Francesca Oberto, Emanuele Carella, Claudio Caruso, Pier Luigi Acutis, Davide Lelli, Luigi Bertolotti, Loretta Masoero, Simone Peletto
Summary: The aim of this study was to develop a qualitative PCR assay that allows the discrimination of BuHV-1, BoHV-1 and BoHV-5. Specific nucleotide sequences of BuHV-1, BoHV-1 and BoHV-5 were identified through the alignment of homologous genes. The design of the primers and the optimization of the PCR assay were focused on the target sequences located on the portions of gD, gE and gG genes. This qualitative PCR assay allowed the differentiation of BoHV-1 and BoHV-5 infections in both cattle and water buffaloes, as well as heterologous BuHV-1 infections in bovine.
Article
Microbiology
Lisa Guardone, Katia Varello, Valeria Listorti, Simone Peletto, Lara Wolfsgruber, Roberto Zoccola, Vittoria Montemurro, Erika Messana, Elena Bozzetta, Pierluigi Acutis, Loretta Masoero, Elisabetta Razzuoli
Summary: Swinepox virus (SWPV) is a pathogen causing acute poxvirus infections in swine, transmitted by the pig louse Haematopinus suis and causing proliferative dermatitis. While infections are mainly seen in domestic pigs, a few cases have been reported in wild boars. In a recent case in Northwest Italy, SWPV infection was detected in a wild boar piglet heavily infested with swine lice. The finding suggests a potential wildlife cycle and highlights the need for further study on the risk of transmission to domestic pigs.
Article
Agronomy
Marzia Pezzolato, Elena Biasibetti, Marilena Gili, Cristiana Maurella, Alessandro Benedetto, Marianna Marturella, Federica Ostorero, Giancarlo Bozzo, Claudio Bellino, Antonio D'angelo, Flaminia Valentini, Francesca Roberti, Maurizio Fiori, Paolo Stacchini, Elena Bozzetta
Summary: The aim of this study was to verify if veal calves housed under controlled conditions still have physiological levels of natural steroid hormones and if this affects the normal histological pattern of growth promoters in target organs.
Article
Parasitology
Marco Genchi, Laura Kramer, Gaia Valentini, Giulia Allievi, Lavinia Ciuca, Alice Vismarra
Summary: Pyrethrins and pyrethroids have high efficacy in controlling insect pests in horses and can last up to 4 days.
PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)