Article
Immunology
Haitham Tartor, Marius Karlsen, Rasmus Skern-Mauritzen, Aderito Luis Monjane, Charles McLean Press, Christer Wiik-Nielsen, Rolf Hetlelid Olsen, Lisa Marie Leknes, Karine Yttredal, Bjorn Erik Brudeseth, Soren Grove
Summary: This study examined the immunogenicity and protective effect of a vaccine against Lepeophtheirus salmonis infestation in Atlantic salmon. The results showed that the vaccine can provide protection against salmon lice infestation, and the level of protection is dose-dependent. The study also found that the vaccine can trigger a specific immune response in vaccinated fish and result in the production of specific antibodies. These findings suggest the potential of using the parasite's feeding behavior to deliver salmon-specific antibodies against lice-gut proteins.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Claudia Tschesche, Michael Bekaert, Joseph L. Humble, James E. Bron, Armin Sturm
Summary: The pyrethroid deltamethrin and the macrocyclic lactone emamectin benzoate are used to treat farmed salmon infestations by parasitic salmon lice. Drug resistance in the lice is associated with overexpression of ace1b, a member of the functionally diverse carboxylesterases family. The study identified 21 CaEs genes/pseudogenes in L. salmonis, with overexpression of ace1b observed in multi-resistant lice compared to susceptible ones.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Melanie Andrews, Tor Einar Horsberg
Summary: This study investigated the effects of thermal treatment on the copepodid and pre-adult II stages of seven populations of L. salmonis. The results showed that while all stages of the parasite had an immediate reaction to thermal treatment, the majority of them recovered over time. Variations in baseline sensitivity were observed between populations, emphasizing the importance of routine in vitro bioassays to determine treatment efficacy.
Editorial Material
Fisheries
Ingrid A. Johnsen, Alison Harvey, Pal Naeverlid Saevik, Anne D. Sandvik, Ola Ugedal, Bjorn Adlandsvik, Vidar Wennevik, Kevin A. Glover, Orjan Karlsen
Summary: A model system was developed to estimate salmon lice-induced mortality, calibrated against empirical observations. Critics claim the model overestimates mortality, but their analysis may have shortcomings. Discrepancy between modelled and observed data does not necessarily indicate flaws, but can provide valuable supplementary information.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sean C. Godwin, Andrew W. Bateman, Anna Kuparinen, Rick Johnson, John Powell, Kelly Speck, Jeffrey A. Hutchings
Summary: Research conducted in the Broughton Archipelago, Canada, reveals a significant decrease in the sensitivity of Pacific salmon lice to emamectin benzoate (EMB) since 2010, resulting in reduced efficacy of EMB treatments. These findings, which were obtained through Indigenous-led agreements and not publicly reported by industry or regulators, suggest that controlling salmon lice outbreaks in Pacific farms will be more challenging in the future.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Fisheries
Albert Kjartan Dagbjartarson Imsland, Patrick Reynolds
Summary: This review summarizes the effectiveness of using lumpfish as cleaner fish to control Lepeophtheirus salmonis infestations on farmed Atlantic salmon. The data clearly indicate that lumpfish can actively graze on lice and significantly lower their burden on salmon. The grazing behavior of lumpfish is size dependent and can be enhanced through conditioning and selective breeding. Observations from large-scale farming also support the effectiveness of using lumpfish to reduce lice infestations.
Article
Fisheries
Anne D. Sandvik, Sussie Dalvin, Rasmus Skern-Mauritzen, Morten D. Skogen
Summary: Climate change poses a threat to sustainable growth in the aquaculture industry, with salmon lice-induced mortality in wild salmonid populations identified as a major risk factor. Higher temperatures lead to increased production and infectivity of salmon lice, contributing to a significant rise in infection pressure from farmed to wild salmonids.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Katharine Gentry, Samantha Bui, Frode Oppedal, Reidun Bjelland, Velimir Nola, Tim Dempster
Summary: The study investigated the consumption of salmon lice by ballan wrasse in different acclimation environments, finding that wrasse pre-exposed to lice-infested salmon consumed more lice. However, this did not affect the overall lice loads on salmon, and factors like decline in condition factor and increase in visible physical damage were not influenced by acclimation strategy.
AQUACULTURE ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andreas Borchel, Anna Zofia Komisarczuk, Frank Nilsen
Summary: Salmon lice, ectoparasites on salmonids, have a significant impact on the aquaculture industry. This study successfully developed a sex determination assay for salmon lice, allowing for early identification of the developmental speed and sex-specific SNPs. However, only a few genes showed differential expression between the sexes.
Article
Fisheries
Jeong Jaewoon, Arriagada Gabriel, Crawford W. Revie
Summary: This study explores the impact of target setting on the reporting of sea louse infestation on salmon farms. The findings suggest that the accuracy of reported data can be influenced by the specification of threshold levels. Researchers and fish health professionals should be aware of potential biases in these data, and regulators should carefully consider the unintended consequences of setting certain threshold levels.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Claudia Tschesche, Michael Bekaert, David Bassett, Sally Boyd, James E. Bron, Armin Sturm
Summary: This study aimed to reassess the association between DTM resistance and mitochondrial mutations in salmon lice. The results indicate that Leu107Ser (COX1) is the main genetic determinant of DTM resistance in L. salmonis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Cameron R. S. Thompson, James Bron, Samantha Bui, Sussie Dalvin, Mark John Fordyce, Gunnvor A. Noroi, Rasmus Skern-Mauritzen
Summary: The relative rarity of salmon lice planktonic larval stages poses challenges in estimating their abundance and distribution. A novel method using fluorescence-aided microscopy has been developed to rapidly enumerate salmon lice larvae, with an accuracy of 81.8% and processing time of 31 minutes, more than 20 times faster than traditional methods.
AQUACULTURE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
T. Dempster, K. Overton, S. Bui, L. H. Stien, F. Oppedal, O. Karlsen, A. Coates, B. L. Phillips, L. T. Barrett
Summary: Sea cage fish farming poses risks for disease transmission between farmed and wild hosts, with salmon louse infestations causing production losses and affecting wild fish populations. The expansion of the industry has led to farmed salmonids becoming increasingly dominant in Norwegian coastal waters, significantly impacting the abundance of salmon lice.
AQUACULTURE ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Hulda Maria Hardardottir, Rune Male, Frank Nilsen, Sussie Dalvin
Summary: Chitin synthase is a crucial enzyme involved in the survival and reproduction of aquatic organisms, with different expressions and functions in different tissues. Through RNA interference experiments, it was found that the chitin synthases of L. salmonis have significant impacts on the external cuticle and internal organs of lice at different developmental stages.
Article
Fisheries
Ingrid A. Johnsen, Alison Harvey, Pal Naeverlid Saevik, Anne D. Sandvik, Ola Ugedal, Bjorn Adlandsvik, Vidar Wennevik, Kevin A. Glover, Orjan Karlsen
Summary: This study focused on the environmental challenges of salmonid aquaculture, estimating the impact of salmon lice on wild salmon mortality in Norwegian waters using models and data analysis. Results showed that aquaculture-produced salmon lice led to varying mortality rates of wild salmon post-smolts in different rivers.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
