Article
Ecology
Jared K. Wilson-Aggarwal, Cecily E. D. Goodwin, Tchonfienet Moundai, Metinou K. Sidouin, George J. F. Swan, Monique Lechenne, Robbie A. McDonald
Summary: The study found that the spatial ecology of free-ranging dogs in rural Chad is influenced by factors such as owner activities, seasonality, and periodicity. Dogs spend more time near their households in the dry season, while in the wet season they exhibit 24-hour activity and location cycles with peaks at different times of the day. Targeting disease control interventions based on these findings could improve access to dogs and the effectiveness of control strategies.
ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia Leme Pablos, Ana Kristina Silva, Noemy Seraphim, Luiza de Moraes Magaldi, Anete Pereira de Souza, Andre Victor Lucci Freitas, Karina Lucas Silva-Brandao
Summary: The study on Atlantic Forest White Morpho butterflies shows that there is no clear species diversification and population structure among the populations, suggesting that the current distinction between the two species is unreasonable. Northern samples exhibit more intragroup structure, and clustering tests indicate the existence of three genetic clusters, with turnover between the states of Paran ' a and Sa similar to o Paulo.
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Tosso Leeb, Petra Roosje, Monika Welle
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive overview of canine genodermatoses and their genetic factors, helping clinicians to make precise diagnoses using modern genetics in daily practice.
VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Virology
Zongyi Bo, Xiangdong Li
Summary: Research on PRV variants has made significant progress, but further exploration of its replication, pathogenicity, and transmission mechanisms is still needed in order to ultimately eradicate the virus in China.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Lilin Zou, Jianying Wang, Mengdi Bai
Summary: Exploring the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of landscape fragmentation helps to understand the dynamic evolution of landscape patterns and the impacts of physical-geographical environment and human activities. This study proposed a Landscape Fragmentation Index (LFI) to assess the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of China's landscape fragmentation from 1980 to 2020. The results showed that landscape fragmentation metrics had distinct phased change characteristics, and China's LFI increased gradually during the study period. Additionally, the landscape fragmentation exhibited fluctuation features in certain spatial directions. This spatial-temporal heterogeneity indicated that landscape fragmentation was influenced by both the physical-geographical environment and human activities.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Daniel Polasik, Aneta Konieczna, Arkadiusz Terman, Andrzej Dybus
Summary: The genetic basis of aggressive behavior in dogs has been found to be associated with a C789A polymorphism in the canine dopamine beta-hydroxylase gene (DBH). The CC genotype and C allele frequencies were significantly higher in aggressive dogs compared to non-aggressive dogs. This suggests that DBH is a promising candidate gene for further canine behavioral studies.
ACTA VETERINARIA BRNO
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Atay Vural, Gulsah Simsir, Seyma Tekgul, Cemile Kocoglu, Fulya Akcimen, Ece Kartal, Nesli E. Sen, Suna Lahut, Ozgur Omur, Nazan Saner, Tugce Gul, Elif Bayraktar, Robin Palvadeau, Ceren Tunca, Caroline Pirkevi Cetinkaya, Asli Gundogdu Eken, Irmak Sahbaz, Muge Kovancilar Koc, Ozgur Oztop Cakmak, Hasmet Hanagasi, Basar Bilgic, Mefkure Eraksoy, Aysegul Gunduz, Hulya Apaydin, Gunes Kiziltan, Sibel Ozekmekci, Aksel Siva, Ayse Altintas, Zeynep E. Kaya Gulec, Yesim Parman, Piraye Oflazer, Feza Deymeer, Hacer Durmus, Erdi Sahin, Arman Cakar, Zeynep Tufekcioglu, Pinar Tekturk, M. Osman Corbali, Hulya Tireli, Gulden Akdal, Uluc Yis, Semra Hiz, Ihsan Sengun, Elcin Bora, Gul Serdaroglu, Sevda Erer Ozbek, Kadriye Agan, Dilek Ince Gunal, Onder Us, Semiha G. Kurt, Durdane Aksoy, Ayse Bora Tokcaer, Muhsin Elmas, Murat Gultekin, Sefer Kumandas, Hamit Acer, Gul D. Kaya Ozcora, Vildan Yayla, Aysun Soysal, Gencer Genc, Halil Gulluoglu, Dilcan Kotan, Zeynep Ozozen Ayas, Huseyin A. Sahin, Ersin Tan, Meral Topcu, Esen Saka Topcuoglu, Cenk Akbostanci, Filiz Koc, Sibel Ertan, Bulent Elibol, A. Nazli Basak
Summary: This study aimed to identify the prevalence and genetic structure of hereditary ataxias in the Turkish population. Results showed that mutations in known ataxia genes were identified in 30% of the studied 1296 cases. Through whole-exome sequencing, 48 novel variants were found, indicating a high heterogeneity in the population.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Irene Petrosillo, Maria Victoria Marinelli, Giovanni Zurlini, Donatella Valente
Summary: This research examines the impact of landscape heterogeneity and Xylella fastidiosa infection on pollination services through multi-scale spatial assessment and multi-temporal analysis. The results demonstrate significant changes in landscape functioning in provinces affected by the infection, highlighting the loss of permanent land-covers such as olive groves.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Gregory Thom, Camila C. Ribas, Eduardo Shultz, Alexandre Aleixo, Cristina Y. Miyaki
Summary: This study explores the historical demographic changes of populations occurring on the floodplains of the Solimoes River in the Amazon Basin and finds that habitat specificity might be an important predictor of population connectivity.
JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Long Sun, Liding Chen, Lei Yang, Ranhao Sun
Summary: This study used a heterogeneity-independent storage index (SI) to establish a connection between catchment characteristics and storage timescales, particularly for landscapes. The SI was found to be significantly correlated with fractal dimension index (FRAC) and topographic wetness index (TWI). These findings suggest the potential for hydrological modeling at multiple spatial scales and provide insights into the mechanism of streamflow generation.
Article
Ecology
Antoine Casquin, Remi Dupas, Sen Gu, Ewan Couic, Gerard Gruau, Patrick Durand
Summary: The study found that landscape composition controlled nitrate exports, while landscape configuration controlled total phosphorus exports. At small scales, landscape spatial configuration was highly heterogeneous, but became homogeneous at larger scales.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Danielle A. Julien, Jan M. Sargeant, Catherine Filejski, Ali M. Versluis, Victoria Waind, Sherilee L. Harper
Summary: This scoping review examined canine zoonoses and vectorborne studies in North America since the 21st century, finding that the majority of research was conducted in the USA. The most frequently researched pathogens included Ehrlichia spp., Borrelia burgdorferi, Leptospira spp., Rabies virus, and Influenza viruses. These findings highlight the importance of research in North American countries on pathogens that can cause moderate to severe health outcomes in both humans and dogs.
ANIMAL HEALTH RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chang Zhao, Bing Wang
Summary: This study explores the impact of new-type urbanization on air pollution through empirical research and the construction of a comprehensive evaluation index system. The results demonstrate that new-type urbanization significantly reduces air pollution, with important transmission mechanisms including industrial structure optimization, technological innovation, and energy structure adjustment. However, policy implementation deviations may weaken the emission reduction effect of new-type urbanization, and the impact varies across different regions.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Gang Fu, Nengwen Xiao, Yue Qi, Wei Wang, Junsheng Li, Caiyun Zhao, Ming Cao, Juyi Xia
Summary: The study found that ignoring the vertical hierarchical relationships in landscape pattern structures may cause biases and reduce the accuracy of LPIs. Establishing a multidimensional fusion method based on hierarchy theory and information entropy improves the spatial representation and accuracy of landscape patterns.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Huangxi Qin, Youjun Chen
Summary: Understanding the relationship between water conservation service (WCS) and landscape patterns is important for ecosystem management and water resources regulation. This study quantified the spatial and temporal distribution of WCS and analyzed changes in landscape composition and configuration. The results showed that urban and forest landscapes increased significantly, while grassland, shrub, and cropland landscapes decreased. Spatial heterogeneity was found in the effects of landscape patterns on WCS, suggesting the need for tailored ecosystem management measures.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rebecca Mancy, Malavika Rajeev, Ahmed Lugelo, Kirstyn Brunker, Sarah Cleaveland, Elaine A. Ferguson, Karen Hotopp, Rudovick Kazwala, Matthias Magoto, Kristyna Rysava, Daniel T. Haydon, Katie Hampson
Summary: This study traced and analyzed the transmission of rabies in a population of 50,000 dogs in Tanzania and found that local clusters of deaths and infected dogs resulted in a significant decrease in susceptible animals. Additionally, individual variation in rabid dog behavior facilitated virus dispersal and coexistence of different lineages.
Article
Virology
Ahmed Lugelo, Katie Hampson, Elaine A. Ferguson, Anna Czupryna, Machunde Bigambo, Christian Tetteh Duamor, Rudovick Kazwala, Paul C. D. Johnson, Felix Lankester
Summary: This study describes a novel approach to improve vaccination coverage and maintain herd immunity against rabies through decentralized and continuous vaccination delivery.
Article
Microbiology
Kathryn Campbell, Robert J. Gifford, Joshua Singer, Verity Hill, Aine O'Toole, Andrew Rambaut, Katie Hampson, Kirstyn Brunker
Summary: The availability of pathogen sequence data and the use of genomic surveillance are increasing rapidly. In this study, the researchers propose an updated genomic tool and classification system for better understanding the dynamics of rabies virus and improving disease control. By implementing this tool, they were able to define 96 total lineages within the globally distributed Cosmopolitan Glade of rabies virus, which is a significant increase from the previously reported 22 lineages. The integration of this tool with a new rabies virus sequence data resource enables rapid application and provides insights into the control and elimination of dog-mediated rabies.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yusuke Kamata, Kageaki Tojinbara, Katie Hampson, Kohei Makita
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of rabies control policies in Japan by analyzing historical data from the Kanto region. The results demonstrate that coordinated control policies involving dog vaccination and management of free-roaming dogs were highly effective in eliminating rabies.
ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Emma Taylor, Elsa Gladys Aguilar-Ancori, Ashley C. Banyard, Isis Abel, Clara Mantini-Briggs, Charles L. Briggs, Carolina Carrillo, Cesar M. Gavidia, Ricardo Castillo-Neyra, Alejandro D. Parola, Fredy E. Villena, Joaquin M. Prada, Brett W. Petersen, Nestor Falcon Perez, Cesar Cabezas Sanchez, Moises Sihuincha, Daniel G. Streicker, Ciro Maguina Vargas, Ana Maria Navarro Vela, Marco A. N. Vigilato, Hui Wen Fan, Rodney Willoughby, Daniel L. Horton, Sergio E. Recuenco
Summary: The Amazonian Tropical Bites Research Initiative (ATBRI) has been established to unify the control methods for neglected zoonotic diseases related to animal bites across Latin America, and provide evidence for policy-making.
INTERNATIONAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Joseph Newman, Nazia Thakur, Thomas P. Peacock, Dagmara Bialy, Ahmed M. E. Elrefaey, Carlijn Bogaardt, Daniel L. Horton, Sammy Ho, Thivya Kankeyan, Christine Carr, Katja Hoschler, Wendy S. Barclay, Gayatri Amirthalingam, Kevin E. Brown, Bryan Charleston, Dalan Bailey
Summary: Analysis of sera from vaccinated individuals aged 70-89 reveals a decrease in neutralizing antibody titres against SARS-CoV-2 wildtype and antigenic escape of various variants of concern. Booster vaccination increases neutralizing antibody titres against Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants in older adults.
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Sara Gandy, Elizabeth Kilbride, Roman Biek, Caroline Millins, Lucy Gilbert
Summary: Research has found that the role of deer in shaping the hazard of Lyme disease is not significant, as they both increase the abundance of ticks and do not transmit the pathogens, resulting in opposing effects that cancel each other out.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biology
Nardus Mollentze, Deborah Keen, Uuriintuya Munkhbayar, Roman Biek, Daniel G. Streicker
Summary: The transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from humans to other species poses a threat to wildlife conservation and can lead to the emergence of new sources of viral diversity. Researchers have developed computational heuristics to identify susceptible host species based on the variation in the ACE2 receptor used by the virus. However, the predictive performance of these heuristics remains uncertain. This study shows that while ACE2 variation can accurately predict animal susceptibility to sarbecoviruses, the predictions are primarily based on host phylogeny rather than infection biology.
Article
Microbiology
Florent Kempf, Guido Cordoni, Anne-Marie Chausse, Rosanna Drumo, Helen Brown, Daniel L. Horton, Frederic Paboeuf, Martine Denis, Philippe Velge, Roberto La Ragione, Annaelle Kerouanton
Summary: By analyzing immune-associated markers and gut microbiota composition in pigs infected with Salmonella, we found that identifying high shedder pigs can help mitigate the risk of pathogen spread in the food chain.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Anna B. Ludi, Melissa McLaws, Bryony Armson, Jessica Clark, Antonello Di Nardo, Krupali Parekh, Mark Henstock, Petra Muellner, Ulrich J. Muellner, Fabrizio Rosso, Joaquin M. Prada, Daniel L. Horton, David J. Paton, Keith Sumption, Donald P. King
Summary: This paper introduces a semi-quantitative FMD vaccine strain selection tool, PRAGMATIST, which combines multiple strands of evidence to identify the most suitable vaccine strains for inclusion in antigen banks. By estimating the risk of incursion, the relative prevalence of FMD viral lineages, and the effectiveness of vaccines against specific FMDV lineages, this tool can prioritize vaccine strains that address the highest threats. The study highlights the variation in vaccine antigens required for different regions based on risk, with the vaccine coverage score having the most significant impact on the estimated risk covered by each vaccine, especially for those that provide substantial coverage across multiple lineages.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Emma Taylor, Katy George, Emily Johnson, Hannah Whitelegg, Joaquin M. Prada, Daniel L. Horton
Summary: This study investigates whether rabies incidence is an inevitable consequence of poverty and the relationship between economic development and rabies control. The findings suggest that economic growth alone may not be sufficient to achieve the 2030 goal, and other strategies such as targeting vulnerable populations and responsible pet ownership are needed in addition to economic investment.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maylis Layan, Laurent Dacheux, Philippe Lemey, Kirstyn Brunker, Laurence Ma, Cecile Troupin, Philippe Dussart, Veronique Chevalier, James L. N. Wood, Sowath Ly, Veasna Duong, Herve Bourhy, Simon Dellicour
Summary: By studying the geographical distribution of rabies virus in Cambodia, the study reveals the internal transmission of the disease in Cambodia and further analyzes the spread dynamics of the virus.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aurore C. Poirier, Ruben D. Riano Moreno, Leona Takaindisa, Jessie Carpenter, Jai W. Mehat, Abi Haddon, Mohammed A. Rohaim, Craig Williams, Peter Burkhart, Chris Conlon, Matthew Wilson, Matthew Mcclumpha, Anna Stedman, Guido Cordoni, Manoharanehru Branavan, Mukunthan Tharmakulasingam, Nouman S. Chaudhry, Nicolas Locker, Anil Fernando, Wamadeva Balachandran, Mark Bullen, Nadine Collins, David Rimer, Daniel L. Horton, Muhammad Munir, Roberto M. La Ragione
Summary: This study presents a rapid and inexpensive diagnostic platform for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) using the RT-LAMP assay and a portable smart diagnostic device. The platform utilizes automated image acquisition and an AI deep learning model to eliminate subjectivity in result interpretation. The AI-assisted diagnostics platform showed high specificity and sensitivity compared to the gold standard RT-qPCR test.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Putthi Cheat Lim, Tiziana Lembo, Katie Hampson, Joel Changalucha, Maganga Sambo, Sayantan Ghosal
Summary: Combining multiple interventions, such as advertising strategies and operational adjustments, can significantly improve vaccination coverage against diseases like rabies. Increasing vaccination stations and extending time windows of delivery greatly enhance participation in vaccination campaigns.
HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)