Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pavlo Petakh, Vitaliia Isevych, Aleksandr Kamyshnyi, Valentyn Oksenych
Summary: This review provides a detailed understanding of the immunopathogenesis, immune response evasion, and pathological changes in the kidneys, liver, and lungs in leptospirosis. It also suggests the potential role of gut microbiota in the disease progression and the impact of gut dysbiosis on organ damage. Modulation of gut microbiota through probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation may be a promising area of research for leptospirosis.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Xinchun Zheng, Pengyuan He, Ruihua Zhong, Gongqi Chen, Jinyu Xia, Chunna Li
Summary: A case of Weil's disease with HIV infection was reported in this study. Leptospira interrogans was identified via mNGS in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the patient. The patient achieved complete recovery after receiving targeted antimicrobial therapy.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Gdayllon Cavalcante Meneses, Pedro Eduardo Andrade de Carvalho Gomes, Gabriela Studart Galdino, Gabriela Freire Bezerra, Ranieri Sales de Souza Santos, Alice Maria Costa Martins, Geraldo Bezerra da Silva Junior, Alexandre Braga Liborio, Roberto da Justa Pires Neto, Elizabeth De Francesco Daher
Summary: The study found that syndecan-1 and angiopoietin-2 were associated with the need for hemodialysis in patients with severe leptospirosis, potentially improving treatment approaches and reducing mortality.
TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jeanne Arline Rajaonarivelo, Anissa Desmoulin, Olivier Maillard, Louis Collet, Fiona Baudino, Marie-Christine Jaffar-Bandjee, Renaud Blonde, Loic Raffray, Pablo Tortosa
Summary: The severity of human leptospirosis on Mayotte island is related to the infecting Leptospira species, with Leptospira borgpetersenii causing more severe cases and Leptospira mayottensis causing milder cases.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hinal Rathi, Aesha Patel, Rafik Beblawy, Ali Hassoun
Summary: This article presents a case of leptospirosis in the United States, highlighting its rare occurrence in the country. It emphasizes the importance of considering it as a differential diagnosis for patients traveling to underdeveloped countries and participating in adventure sports, with early recognition and treatment being essential.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Mariam Thalji, Hanan Qunibi, Loai Muhtasib, Hasan Hroob, Ashraf Al-Zughayyar, Rafiq Salhab, Yousef Abu Asbeh
Summary: This article reports a severe case of leptospirosis that was successfully treated with appropriate antimicrobial therapy and supportive measures, including surgical intervention. The case study helps medical professionals understand the clinical significance of this serious illness.
FRONTIERS IN SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nida Ansari, Rhea Bhargava, Mohamed M. Elagami, Taulant Gashi, Carlos Perez, Jin Suh, Walid Baddoura
Summary: We report a rare case of Weil's disease caused by Leptospira interrogans, a rare agent that is commonly seen in tropical climates and transmitted by rodent urine contamination. The patient presented with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, and was found to have icterus, hepatosplenomegaly, and situs inversus on examination. Lab tests revealed leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, transaminitis, and significant hyperbilirubinemia. Leptospirosis due to rat contamination in the patient's apartment was identified as the cause.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Virology
Nitin Gupta, William Wilson, Prithvishree Ravindra, Roshini Raghu, Kavitha Saravu
Summary: This study investigated the clinical features and outcomes of patients infected with both leptospirosis and COVID-19 during the monsoon season in South India. The results showed that a high percentage of patients with coinfections were categorized as severe COVID-19 and exhibited symptoms such as acute kidney injury and raised bilirubin. Most of the patients improved and were discharged, but a minority died during the hospital stay.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Caroline Eves, Charlotte Kjelso, Guido Benedetti, Charlotte Svaerke Jorgensen, Karen Angeliki Krogfelt
Summary: This study describes the incidence trends of leptospirosis in Denmark from 2012 to 2021. Leptospirosis is rare in Denmark and primarily transmitted to humans from mice and rats. The highest incidence of the disease occurred in 2017, with men aged 40-49 being the most commonly diagnosed demographic group. The overall incidence rate was 0.23 per 100,000 inhabitants, with the months of August and September having the highest incidence.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shuo Chen, Yuan-Chen Zhou, Shuang Si, Hong-Yan Liu, Qing-Rui Zhang, Teng-Fei Yin, Chu-Xi Xie, Shu-Kun Yao, Shi-Yu Du
Summary: This case presented with atypical gastrointestinal manifestations and small intestinal polypoid bulges, providing new insight on the diagnosis of Whipple's disease.
WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Rioto Suzuki, Mari Terayama, Minoru Tanda
Summary: A 39-year-old man presented to our hospital with lower leg pain and fever, ultimately diagnosed with leptospirosis. Treatment included ceftriaxone and minocycline, and he was transferred to a rehabilitation hospital on day 23 after admission, even in a non-epidemic area, considering leptospirosis is crucial.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Haitian Nan, Takanori Hata, Toko Fukao, Toshimichi Fukao, Wanjing Chen, Takafumi Kurita, Takahiro Natori, Yoshihisa Takiyama
Summary: This study describes a CMT family with an MFN2 mutation and atypical ocular manifestations, linking the MFN2 mutation to CMT and ocular symptoms in this family. The findings may contribute to expanding the clinical phenotype of MFN2-related CMT.
Article
Immunology
Liqian Wang, Danyang Li, Zixi Chen, Liuqing He, Xianjun Wang, Liang Tao
Summary: An unusual case of monomicrobial Clostridioides difficile septicemia was reported in a patient without overt gastrointestinal symptoms. The strain isolated from the blood sample was different from the one in the stool, suggesting a potential invasion through the root canal after a recent tooth extraction. Oral C. difficile colonization may be a risk factor for severe C. difficile septicemia.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
M. Zechel, M. Franz, M. Baier, S. Hagel, B. T. Schleenvoigt
Summary: Leptospirosis is an infectious disease with a rising global incidence. Clinical presentation can vary from asymptomatic to acute fulminant. This case report details a 32-year-old male patient who developed ST segment elevation on his ECG after cross-country running, ultimately diagnosed with acute leptospirosis.
Article
Infectious Diseases
James Gong, Christine Griebsch, Nicolle Kirkwood, Jacqueline M. Norris, Michael P. Ward
Summary: This retrospective study of a canine leptospirosis outbreak in Sydney in 2017 found that the presence of clusters of the disease were likely due to environmental factors rather than host or pathogen factors.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
C. Rodrigo, S. D. Fernando, S. Rajapakse
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2020)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Chaturaka Rodrigo, Ariaranee Gnanathasan
TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2020)
Article
Virology
Karla J. Helbig, Rowena A. Bull, Rebecca Ambrose, Michael R. Beard, Helen Blanchard, Till Bocking, Brendon Chua, Agathe M. G. Colmant, Keaton M. Crosse, Damian F. J. Purcell, Johanna Fraser, Joshua A. Hayward, Stuart T. Hamilton, Matloob Husain, Robin MacDiarmid, Jason M. Mackenzie, Gregory W. Moseley, Thi H. O. Nguyen, Miguel E. Quinones-Mateu, Karl Robinson, Chaturaka Rodrigo, Julio Rodriguez-Andres, Penny A. Rudd, Anja Werno, Peter White, Paul Young, Peter Speck, Merilyn Hibma, Heidi E. Drummer, Gilda Tachedjian
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jemberu Nega, Solomon Taye, Yihenew Million, Chaturaka Rodrigo, Setegn Eshetie
AIDS RESEARCH AND THERAPY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thiruni N. Adikari, Nasir Riaz, Chathurani Sigera, Preston Leung, Braulio M. Valencia, Kirston Barton, Martin A. Smith, Rowena A. Bull, Hui Li, Fabio Luciani, Praveen Weeratunga, Tun-Linn Thein, Vanessa W. X. Lim, Yee-Sin Leo, Senaka Rajapakse, Katja Fink, Andrew R. Lloyd, Deepika Fernando, Chaturaka Rodrigo
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Braulio M. Valencia, Erin Cvejic, Ute Vollmer-Conna, Ian B. Hickie, Denis Wakefield, Hui Li, Vincent Pedergnana, Chaturaka Rodrigo, Andrew R. Lloyd
Summary: The severity of fatigue in acute infection is influenced by genetic polymorphisms in NLRP3 and IL-1 beta, suggesting trait characteristics may play a role in symptom presentation.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Nasir Riaz, Preston Leung, Kirston Barton, Martin A. Smith, Shaun Carswell, Rowena Bull, Andrew R. Lloyd, Chaturaka Rodrigo
Summary: The study evaluated the utility, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness of nanopore sequencing for HCV genomes. The results showed that the nanopore platform could generate comparable consensus sequences to Illumina sequencing with a coverage exceeding 300 reads, and reliably identify variants with very low abundance. Additionally, the cost-effectiveness of nanopore sequencing and the successful differentiation of within-host variants using the Nano-Q tool were demonstrated.
Article
Virology
Thomas Tu, Chaturaka Rodrigo, Simone Strasser, D. Scott Bowden, Jennifer H. MacLachlan, Heidi E. Drummer
Summary: Viral hepatitis is a significant global health issue, with scientific research leading to improvements. The Australian Centre for Hepatitis Virology held its first public educational forum to inform the community about the importance of research and upcoming developments.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chathurani Sigera, Chaturaka Rodrigo, Nipun L. de Silva, Praveen Weeratunga, Deepika Fernando, Senaka Rajapakse
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the direct costs of managing hospitalized patients with suspected dengue infection in Sri Lanka. The findings suggest that confirming dengue diagnosis using subsidized tests for patients presenting in the first three days of fever may be cost-efficient, as non-dengue patients incur a similar cost per day as dengue patients.
Article
Cell Biology
Harikrishnan Balachandran, Chansavath Phetsouphanh, David Agapiou, Anurag Adhikari, Chaturaka Rodrigo, Mohamed Hammoud, Lok Bahadur Shrestha, Elizabeth Keoshkerian, Money Gupta, Stuart Turville, Daniel Christ, Cecile King, Sarah C. Sasson, Adam Bartlett, Branka Grubor-Bauk, William Rawlinson, Anupriya Aggarwal, Alberto Ospina Stella, Vera Klemm, Michael M. Mina, Jeffrey J. Post, Bernard Hudson, Nicky Gilroy, Pam Konecny, Golo Ahlenstiel, Dominic E. Dwyer, Tania C. Sorrell, Anthony Kelleher, Nicodemus Tedla, Andrew R. Lloyd, Marianne Martinello, Rowena A. Bull
Summary: This study examines the long-term maintenance of immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its association with disease severity and early immune responses. The findings show that most individuals with severe infection maintain stable humoral immune responses and neutralizing antibodies against variants of concern, including the Delta variant. Modeling the immune responses suggests a significant level of protection against symptomatic infection. The study also highlights the importance of baseline antigen-specific CD4+ T cell responses in predicting the maintenance of antibody neutralization and memory B cell levels.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Chaturaka Rodrigo, Tharuka Herath, Uchila Wickramarachchi, Deepika Fernando, Senaka Rajapakse
Summary: This systematic review analyzes the efficacy of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions in treating post-chikungunya joint pain. The available evidence does not support the additional benefits of pharmacological interventions, while there is currently no high-certainty evidence for the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Anurag Adhikari, Arunasingam Abayasingam, Chaturaka Rodrigo, David Agapiou, Elvis Pandzic, Nicholas A. Brasher, Bentotage Samitha Madushan Fernando, Elizabeth Keoshkerian, Hui Li, Ha Na Kim, Megan Lord, Gordona Popovic, William Rawlinson, Michael Mina, Jeffrey J. Post, Bernard Hudson, Nicky Gilroy, Dominic Dwyer, Sarah C. Sasson, Branka Grubor-Bauk, Andrew R. Lloyd, Marianne Martinello, Rowena A. Bull, Nicodemus Tedla
Summary: A study on acute and convalescent COVID-19 patients found that early phagocytic responses are primarily driven by heat-liable components in plasma, while convalescent patients' phagocytosis is largely dependent on anti-Spike IgG titers. Longitudinal analysis showed an increase in antibody affinity, correlating with the maintenance of phagocytic and neutralization functions, indicating an improvement in antibody quality.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Sachith Maduranga, Braulio Mark Valencia, Chathurani Sigera, Thiruni Adikari, Praveen Weeratunga, Deepika Fernando, Senaka Rajapakse, Andrew R. Lloyd, Rowena A. Bull, Chaturaka Rodrigo
Summary: Genomic surveillance is crucial for detecting severe community outbreaks of dengue virus, and a study in Sri Lanka found that DENV2 was the predominant serotype with occasional outbreaks of DENV3. The large outbreak of DENV3 in 2019 did not result in more severe disease, likely due to pre-existing immunity in the community.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anita Y. M. Howe, Chaturaka Rodrigo, Evan B. Cunningham, Mark W. Douglas, Julia Dietz, Jason Grebely, Stephanie Popping, Javier Alejandro Sfalcin, Milosz Parczewski, Christoph Sarrazin, Adolfo de Salazar, Ana Fuentes, Murat Sayan, Josep Quer, Midori Kjellin, Hege Kileng, Orna Mor, Johan Lennerstrand, Slim Fourati, Velia Chiara Di Maio, Vladimir Chulanov, Jean-Michel Pawlotsky, P. Richard Harrigan, Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein, Federico Garcia
Summary: Drug resistance in HCV is common following DAA treatment failure, with newly identified and uncharacterized substitutions emerging. Multidrug resistance is prevalent in patients with virologic failures, especially those treated with first-generation DAAs. Older individuals with cirrhosis and those infected with genotypes 1b and 4 are more likely to select drug-resistant viruses. International collaborative efforts are needed to effectively manage drug resistance and prevent onward transmission of resistant viruses.
Article
Cell Biology
Arunasingam Abayasingam, Harikrishnan Balachandran, David Agapiou, Mohamed Hammoud, Chaturaka Rodrigo, Elizabeth Keoshkerian, Hui Li, Nicholas A. Brasher, Daniel Christ, Romain Rouet, Deborah Burnet, Branka Grubor-Bauk, William Rawlinson, Stuart Turville, Anupriya Aggarwal, Alberto Ospina Stella, Christina Fichter, Fabienne Brilot, Michael Mina, Jeffrey J. Post, Bernard Hudson, Nicky Gilroy, Dominic Dwyer, Sarah C. Sasson, Fiona Tea, Deepti Pilli, Anthony Kelleher, Nicodemus Tedla, Andrew R. Lloyd, Marianne Martinello, Rowena A. Bull
Summary: The study suggests that while neutralizing antibodies in plasma may decline, the neutralizing capacity can still be maintained in the memory B cell repertoire. These memory B cells are capable of continuously producing antibodies with neutralizing capacity against SARS-CoV-2.
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2021)