Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Laura Soldovieri, Gianfranco Di Giuseppe, Gea Ciccarelli, Giuseppe Quero, Francesca Cinti, Michela Brunetti, Enrico C. Nista, Antonio Gasbarrini, Sergio Alfieri, Alfredo Pontecorvi, Andrea Giaccari, Teresa Mezza
Summary: In the past few decades, various approaches have been explored to restore sufficient β-cell mass in diabetic patients. Stem cells are an attractive source of new β-cells, while inducing endogenous regeneration is also an alternative option. This review summarizes the latest evidence on physiological and pathological conditions associated with pancreatic regeneration and proliferation, as well as the signaling cascade mediating cell growth.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Xing Huang, Feng Zhao, Quan Wu, Zitong Wang, Haiyue Ren, Qiqi Zhang, Zhe Wang, Jin Xu
Summary: For patients with pancreatic cancer, KIF2C is abnormally expressed and affects the prognosis. KIF2C promotes the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of pancreatic cancer. The overexpression of KIF2C has potential therapeutic implications for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
Article
Oncology
Shuai Huang, Xudong Zhang, Kai Luo, Li Jiang, Jianhua Jiang, Renfeng Li
Summary: In this study, OSBP2 was found to be highly expressed in PDAC and its upregulation promoted the progression of PDAC, including increased cell migration, invasion, proliferation, chemotherapy resistance, and decreased apoptosis. Furthermore, overexpression of OSBP2 resulted in downregulation of the cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin and upregulation of other transcription factors. Therefore, OSBP2 may serve as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for PDAC.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pathology
A. Handra-Luca
Summary: The study focused on the expression patterns of AKT and mTOR proteins in PDAC, revealing their correlations with tumor features and other pathway proteins. The results suggest an intricate role of mTOR in cell proliferation and tumor development in PDAC. Interactions between AKT and mTOR with MAPK and SMAD pathway proteins may impact cell proliferation and tumor behavior at various levels within the protein framework.
PATHOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanfen Lian, Dongxiao Jiang, Jiangtao Sun
Summary: The study found that miR-33a-5p expression is significantly decreased in PDAC tissues and cell lines, and its downregulation is significantly associated with TNM staging and lymph node metastasis. Overexpression of miR-33a-5p inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in SW1990 and PANC-1 cells, while knockdown of miR-33a-5p promotes these processes in BxPC-3 and ASPC-1 cells. Additionally, RAP2A was identified as a direct target of miR-33a-5p in PDAC cells, and its overexpression reversed the suppressive effects of miR-33a-5p in SW1990 and PANC-1 cells.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Hai Lin, Pengfei Yang, Bixiang Li, Yue Chang, Yutong Chen, Yaning Li, Kecheng Liu, Xinyue Liang, Tianliang Chen, Yalan Dai, Wenzheng Pang, Linjuan Zeng
Summary: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis. S100A10, a member of the S100 protein family, has been found to be up-regulated in PDAC and associated with a worse prognosis. This study suggests that S100A10 promotes PDAC cell proliferation, migration, and adhesion through the activation of the JNK/LAMB3-LAMC2 axis, making it a potential therapeutic target for PDAC patients.
Article
Physiology
Javier Fernandez-Diaz, Roberto Beteta-Goebel, Manuel Torres, Joan Cabot, Paula Fernandez-Garcia, Victoria Llado, Pablo V. Escriba, Xavier Busquets
Summary: This study investigated the activity of a synthetic lipid, TGM4, on pancreatic cancer cells and found that it inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell death through the activation of cytocidal autophagy. These findings highlight the importance of lipid signaling in cancer and suggest synthetic lipid structures as potential approaches to treat pancreatic cancer and other neoplasias.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Wentao Bo, Xielin Feng, Xiaoli Tang
Summary: RHPN2 has been shown to promote PDAC progression, as inhibiting it can reduce cell proliferation and increase apoptosis rates. Its high levels in PDAC tissue are correlated with low overall survival rates in patients.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yanhong Tu, Fan Mei
Summary: This study found that miR-3648 is overexpressed in LUAD cells and tissues and enhances the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of LUAD by targeting SOCS2. This finding may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with LUAD.
Review
Oncology
Tarak Chouari, Francesca Soraya La Costa, Nabeel Merali, Maria-Danae Jessel, Shivan Sivakumar, Nicola Annels, Adam E. Frampton
Summary: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a challenging cancer to treat due to late detection, lack of effective screening tests, and resistance to standard treatments. Immunotherapy has emerged as a potential solution, stimulating the immune system to fight cancer cells. This paper summarizes studies on immunotherapies in PDAC, discusses their limitations, and explores avenues for future research.
Article
Microbiology
Kelley N. L. McKinley, Kelly M. Herremans, Andrea N. Riner, Vignesh Vudatha, Devon C. Freudenberger, Steven J. Hughes, Eric W. Triplett, Jose G. Trevino
Summary: This study explores the relationship between the oral and tumor microbiomes in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). It reveals a high prevalence and relative abundance of oral bacteria, particularly Veillonella and Streptococcus, in tumor tissue. The most prevalent and abundant taxon, Veillonella atypica, was cultured from patient saliva, sequenced and annotated, identifying genes that may contribute to tumorigenesis. The sequence similarity between patient matched saliva and tumor tissue suggests that the microbiota in PDAC tumors may originate from the mouth. These findings may have clinical implications for the care and treatment of PDAC patients.
Article
Cell Biology
Shanshan Huang, Yaqi Li, Jinhua Hu, Li Li, Zhen Liu, Hui Guo, Bailing Jiang, Jun Chen, Junhe Li, Xiaojun Xiang, Jun Deng, Jianping Xiong
Summary: PWAR6 is identified as a frequently down-regulated lncRNA in PDAC, associated with multiple clinical outcomes. Cell-based and in vivo studies confirm the anti-tumour role of PWAR6 in PDAC.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Ahmad Alkhasawneh, Tasnuva Rashid, Ibraheem Mohammed, Basma Elhaddad, Hassan Al-Balas, Mayur Virarkar, Ziad Awad, Brett Baskovich, Arun Gopinath
Summary: This study evaluated the prognostic significance of duodenal wall invasion in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. It found that duodenal wall invasion is associated with lymph node metastasis but not with disease-free/overall survival.
WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Xuejuan Gao, Qionghua Lian, Baiye Guan, Qiu-Yu Liu, Meng Meng, Yang Chen, Jingjie Jin, Huihua Li, Xiaohui Liu, Zhenghua Sun, Langxia Liu, Qing-Yu He, Gong Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the function and mechanism of ZSWIM1 in lung adenocarcinoma. ZSWIM1 was found to be upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma and correlated with poor prognosis. It promoted cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. The protein interactome of ZSWIM1 was identified, and its interaction with STK38 was verified. ZSWIM1 antagonized the function of STK38 and activated the MEKK2/ERK1/2 pathway. Overall, ZSWIM1 acts as an oncogene in lung adenocarcinoma and its effects are mediated through the STK38/MEKK2/ERK1/2 axis.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Justin M. Lebenthal, Junting Zheng, Paul M. Glare, Eileen M. O'Reilly, Andrew C. Yang, Andrew S. Epstein
Summary: The Memorial Sloan Kettering Prognostic Score (MPS), consisting of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and albumin levels, is a predictive tool for survival in patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (mPDAC) regardless of performance status, disease characteristics, and cancer therapy. Higher MPS scores, liver metastases, radiation therapy, hospital admissions, thromboembolism, and performance status were associated with worse overall survival in this study.
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Taylor Groves, Naveen Ravichandrasekaran, Brandon Cook, Noel Keen, David Trebotich, Nicholas J. Wright, Bob Alverson, Duncan Roweth, Keith Underwood
Summary: Message matching is an important performance consideration for applications with two-sided semantics. This study presents an instrumentation of the CrayMPI library for collecting detailed message-matching statistics and an implementation of hashed matching in software. The authors analyze DOE applications with complex communication patterns to determine when hardware offload capabilities within the NIC can accelerate message matching.
CONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Elizabeth R. Murray, Shinelle Menezes, Jack C. Henry, Josie L. Williams, Lorena Alba-Castellon, Priththivika Baskaran, Ivan Quetier, Ami Desai, Jacqueline J. T. Marshall, Ian Rosewell, Marianthi Tatari, Vinothini Rajeeve, Faraz Khan, Jun Wang, Panoraia Kotantaki, Eleanor J. Tyler, Namrata Singh, Claire S. Reader, Edward P. Carter, Kairbaan Hodivala-Dilke, Richard P. Grose, Hemant M. Kocher, Nuria Gavara, Oliver Pearce, Pedro Cutillas, John F. Marshall, Angus J. M. Cameron
Summary: PKN2 plays a critical role in the differentiation of pancreatic stellate cells into myofibroblast-like cancer-associated fibroblasts. Loss of PKN2 leads to reduced proliferation and contractility of pancreatic stellate cells, as well as a switch from myofibroblast to inflammatory cancer-associated fibroblast phenotype. Furthermore, deletion of PKN2 promotes invasive cancer cell outgrowth and induces more locally invasive pancreatic tumors. The absence of PKN2 in the pancreatic stroma predicts poor outcome in pancreatic and other solid human cancers.
Review
Oncology
Mohamed Zardab, Konstantinos Stasinos, Richard P. Grose, Hemant M. Kocher
Summary: AHNAK2 is a newly discovered protein with a strong association with oncogenesis in various epithelial cancers. It has a tripartite structure and is believed to be involved in the formation of large multi-protein complexes. High expression of AHNAK2 is found in several cancers, including clear cell renal carcinoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and is associated with poor prognosis. Limited research has been conducted on the function and relation of AHNAK2 with cancer, but early studies suggest its potential as a future biomarker and therapeutic target.
Review
Oncology
Shinelle Menezes, Mohamed Hazem Okail, Siti Munira Abd Jalil, Hemant M. Kocher, Angus J. M. Cameron
Summary: This article discusses the conflicting roles of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in tumor promotion and suppression, as well as therapeutic strategies. It highlights the heterogeneity of CAF subtypes and their association with patient prognosis and therapy response. Targeting CAF subtypes associated with immunotherapy response may provide new options for pancreatic cancer treatment.
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Calum Gabbutt, Nicholas A. Wright, Ann-Marie Baker, Darryl Shibata, Trevor A. Graham
Summary: The dynamical process of cell division that maintains homeostasis in the human body cannot be observed directly. Instead, it is measured through somatic genetic or epigenetic mutations in tissues. Mathematical analysis of somatic clone sizes provides quantitative information on cell birth, death, and replacement rates. This review explores the use of different somatic mutation types for lineage tracing in human tissues, introduces mathematical concepts for inferring dynamic information from clone size data, and discusses the implications of this approach for understanding homeostasis and cancer development.
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Athena Michaelides, Andrew Ang, Joanne ChinAleong, Hemant M. Kocher
Summary: A 74-year-old man with a pancreatic insulinoma was found to have an incidental mesenteric mass. After 39 months, the mass grew and caused abdominal obstruction. The patient underwent surgery to remove the tumor, which was diagnosed as a mesenteric desmoid tumor. Currently, the patient is in remission.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Andrew Ang, Athena Michaelides, Stephen Hallworth, Hemant M. Kocher
Summary: A woman in her 50s undergoing repeat liver resection surgery for liver metastasis recurrence experienced sluggish intravenous fluid flow and developed acute upper limb compartment syndrome exacerbated by metaraminol. Prompt medical intervention including fasciotomies and decompression restored perfusion.
Article
Cell Biology
Julie Auwercx, Philippe Kischel, Thibaut Lefebvre, Nicolas Jonckheere, Alison Vanlaeys, Stephanie Guenin, Silviya Radoslavova, Isabelle Van Seuningen, Halima Ouadid-Ahidouch, Hemant M. Kocher, Isabelle Dhennin-Duthille, Mathieu Gautier
Summary: Pancreatic diseases are characterized by activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), which play important roles in tumor stroma. TRPM7 channels have been found to regulate the activation and proliferation of PSCs, and the expression of TRPM7 is associated with the activation status of PSCs.
Article
Oncology
Mohamed Zardab, Vickna Balarajah, Abhirup Banerjee, Konstantinos Stasinos, Amina Saad, Ahmet Imrali, Christine Hughes, Rhiannon Roberts, Ajith Vajrala, Claude Chelala, Hemant M. Kocher, Abu Z. M. Dayem Ullah
Summary: This study aimed to differentiate suspected PDAC from benign conditions by analyzing clinical parameters. A machine learning-based prediction model was developed using patients’ presenting symptoms, laboratory test results, and demographic information. The model can support clinicians in assessing pancreatic disease patients and referring potential malignant candidates to tertiary centers, potentially leading to early detection and improved overall survival rates.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Olalekan H. Usman, Liting Zhang, Gengqiang Xie, Hemant M. Kocher, Chang-il Hwang, Yue Julia Wang, Xian Mallory, Jerome Irianto
Summary: The establishment of patient-derived pancreatic cancer organoid culture has provided an important tool to study genomic heterogeneity and stability in cancer cells. Research has shown the presence of clonal populations with similar copy number profiles in pancreatic cancer organoids, and the proportion of these clones changes with extended culture, indicating the growth advantage of certain clones. However, sub-clonal genomic heterogeneity is also observed within each clonal population, suggesting the genomic instability of pancreatic cancer cells. Additionally, gene expression regulation is influenced by copy number alterations.
NPJ GENOMIC MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Frances K. Turrell, Rebecca Orha, Naomi J. Guppy, Andrea Gillespie, Matthew Guelbert, Chris Starling, Syed Haider, Clare M. Isacke
Summary: Patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer are at risk of metastatic relapse due to dormant disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) reawakening at secondary sites. Aging or fibrotic microenvironment promotes DTC proliferation and upregulates tumor cell Pdgfc expression, stimulating further stromal activation. This study suggests targeting PDGF-C signaling could limit metastatic relapse in ER+ breast cancer.
Article
Oncology
Patrick Lawrence, Krisha Desai, Christopher Wadsworth, Nagina Mangal, Hemant M. Kocher, Nagy Habib, Anguraj Sadanandam, Mikael H. Sodergren
Summary: This case study demonstrates the feasibility of using longitudinal EUS-FNAB to study tumor and microenvironmental changes associated with RFA treatment, revealing details of gene expression and immune changes post-treatment.
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Glenn K. Lockwood, Alberto Chiusole, Nicholas J. Wright
Summary: Researchers conducted a preliminary evaluation of a storage system from VAST Data, and found that traditional I/O performance measurement techniques struggle to properly characterize all-flash storage systems. They proposed alternative methods to better reflect the performance that real workflows can expect.
PROCEEDINGS OF IEEE/ACM SIXTH INTERNATIONAL PARALLEL DATA SYSTEMS WORKSHOP (PDSW 2021)
(2021)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Sridutt Bhalachandra, Brian Austin, Nicholas J. Wright
Summary: This study investigates the factors affecting power consumption of the NERSC Cori supercomputer at different levels, identifying node-level and system-level power influences, and revealing potential areas for optimization.
PROCEEDINGS OF PERFORMANCE MODELING, BENCHMARKING AND SIMULATION OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTER SYSTEMS (PMBS 2021)
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
J. Dutton, M. Zardab, V. J. F. De Braal, D. Hariharan, N. MacDonald, S. Hallworth, R. Hutchins, S. Bhattacharya, A. Abraham, H. M. Kocher, V. S. Yip
Summary: POSSUM lacks predictive fit for morbidity in hepatopancreatobiliary surgery, while CPET variables show some predictive power for post-operative outcomes. Developing a new HPB-specific risk prediction tool combining parameters from POSSUM and CPET, along with HPB-specific markers, could overcome current limitations.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY
(2021)
