Article
Immunology
Liuchuang Gao, Min Wu, Hangyu Liu, Miao He, Han Jiang, Runshi Shang, Qiangqiang Wang, Zhu Song, Yafei Huang, Junyan Han
Summary: The study found that environmental factors during early life play a crucial role in the development of allergic asthma, with traditional farm environments potentially offering protective effects largely attributed to high-level exposure to LPS. Results showed that LPS treatment had a protective effect on Th2 allergic airway responses in the neonatal group but might lead to a more severe asthma phenotype in adult mice by dampening Th2 responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Junjie Ma, Egon Urgard, Solveig Runge, Cajsa H. Classon, Laura Mathae, Julian M. Stark, Liqin Cheng, Javiera A. Alvarez, Silvia Von Zedtwitz, Austeja Baleviciute, Sergio Martinez Hoyer, Muzhen Li, Anne Marleen Gernand, Lisa Osbelt, Agata Anna Bielecka, Till R. Lesker, Huey-Jy Huang, Susanne Vrtala, Louis Boon, Rudi Beyaert, Mikael Adner, Itziar Martinez Gonzalez, Till Strowig, Juan Du, Susanne Nylen, Stephan P. Rosshart, Jonathan M. Coquet
Summary: Allergic disorders are influenced by both hereditary and environmental factors. The hygiene hypothesis suggests that early-life exposure to microbes can affect the development of allergic diseases. By comparing wildling mice with conventional SPF mice, researchers were able to separate the impact of lifelong microbial exposures from genetic factors on the allergic immune response. The study found that wildlings developed stronger immune responses to allergens compared to SPF mice.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tea Skaaby, Tuomas O. Kilpelainen, Yuvaraj Mahendran, Lam Opal Huang, Hannah Sallis, Betina H. Thuesen, Line Lund Karhus, Katja Biering Leth-Moller, Niels Grarup, Torben Hansen, Oluf Pedersen, Stephen Burgess, Marcus R. Munafo, Allan Linneberg
Summary: This study used Mendelian randomization to examine the causal effect of milk intake on hay fever, asthma, and lung function. Observational analyses suggested that self-reported milk drinkers had a higher risk of hay fever and asthma, but better lung function. In contrast, genetically determined milk intake was associated with a lower risk of hay fever and asthma, but poorer lung function. These findings need confirmation in further studies.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Helen C. S. Meier, Dale P. Sandler, Jesse Wilkerson, Frederick W. Miller, Gregg E. Dinse, Christine G. Parks
Summary: The prevalence of autoimmunity, measured by antinuclear antibodies (ANA), is increasing in U.S. adolescents. Improved hygiene and cleaner environments in childhood may result in improper immune responses in later life. This study explores the associations between indicators of hygiene hypothesis (such as asthma, allergies, and antibodies to infectious agents) and ANA prevalence in adolescents. The findings suggest that ANA may be a useful indicator of inadequate immune education in adolescence.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Fabian J. S. van der Velden, Gabriella de Vries, Alexander Martin, Emma Lim, Ulrich von Both, Laura Kolberg, Enitan D. Carrol, Aakash Khanijau, Jethro A. Herberg, Tisham De, Rachel Galassini, Taco W. Kuijpers, Federico Martinon-Torres, Irene Rivero-Calle, Clementien L. Vermont, Nienke N. Hagedoorn, Marko Pokorn, Andrew J. Pollard, Luregn J. Schlapbach, Maria Tsolia, Irini Elefhteriou, Shunmay Yeung, Dace Zavadska, Colin Fink, Marie Voice, Werner Zenz, Benno Kohlmaier, Philipp K. A. Agyeman, Effua Usuf, Fatou Secka, Ronald de Groot, Michael Levin, Michiel van der Flier, Marieke Emonts
Summary: This study aims to assess and describe the causes and management of febrile illness in immunocompromised children. The study analyzed data from hospitals in nine European countries and Gambia. The etiology of febrile illness was found to be diverse, with one-third of cases remaining unknown. The justification for standard antibiotic treatment for every febrile immunocompromised child is still debatable.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Ian Henderson, Siobhan Quenby
Summary: Gestational hypertension was weakly positively associated with childhood asthma, partly mediated by earlier delivery. Only a small proportion of early childhood asthma was attributable to gestational hypertensive disease in this representative UK-based birth cohort.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Evelyn Xiu Ling Loo, Tau Ming Liew, Gaik Chin Yap, Lydia Su Yin Wong, Lynette Pei-Chi Shek, Anne Goh, Hugo P. S. Van Bever, Oon Hoe Teoh, Fabian Yap, Kok Hian Tan, Biju Thomas, Mahesh Babu Ramamurthy, Daniel Yam Thiam Goh, Johan G. Eriksson, Yap-Seng Chong, Keith M. Godfrey, Bee Wah Lee, Elizabeth Huiwen Tham
Summary: In early childhood, three different rhinitis trajectories were identified: early transient, late transient, and persistent rhinitis. Each trajectory has specific predictive risk factors and allergic associations.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Geoffrey H. Donovan, Shawn M. Landry, Demetrios Gatziolis
Summary: The study identified a link between exposure to taxonomic plant diversity and a decrease in adult-asthma rate, while exposure to overall greenness was associated with an increase in asthma rate. Interactions between air pollution and both overall greenness and plant diversity may heighten allergic effects of plant pollen, presenting a particular risk factor for asthma in adults.
Review
Immunology
Holger Garn, Daniel Piotr Potaczek, Petra Ina Pfefferle
Summary: The Hygiene Hypothesis has proven to be adaptive and continuously evolving over its 30-year history, adjusting to new scientific developments. This review discusses the impact of recent discoveries on the hypothesis, including new classes of immune cells, allergy/asthma phenotypes with diverse underlying mechanisms, and insights from epigenetic studies. Additionally, it explores potential expansion of the Hygiene Hypothesis to other disease areas like psychiatric disorders and cancer.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Petra I. Pfefferle, Corinna U. Keber, Robert M. Cohen, Holger Garn
Summary: The Hygiene Hypothesis, proposed over 30 years ago, has evolved into a comprehensive concept that explains the impact of post-modern lifestyle on human health by focusing on the relationship between the immune system and the microbiome. This model explores the consequences of this impact and suggests potential solutions to restore immunological homeostasis in developed societies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Bronwyn K. Brew, Catarina Almqvist, Cecilia Lundholm, Anna Andreasson, Kelli Lehto, Nicholas J. Talley, Tong Gong
Summary: GERD is a common comorbidity in adults with asthma, hay fever, and/or eczema. There is evidence for shared mechanisms suggesting common underlying causes that may involve affective traits requiring further investigation.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY
(2022)
Review
Pediatrics
Daniil Lisik, Saliha Selin Ozuygur Ermis, Athina Ioannidou, Gregorio Paolo Milani, Sungkutu Nyassi, Giulia Carla Immacolata Spolidoro, Hannu Kankaanranta, Emma Goksor, Goeran Wennergren, Bright Ibeabughichi Nwaru
Summary: According to the hygiene hypothesis, the role of sibship composition in asthma and wheezing has been extensively studied, but the findings are inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized evidences from studies investigating the association of sibship size and birth order with risk of asthma and wheezing. The findings suggest that having at least one sibling is associated with a slightly increased risk of temporary wheezing in infancy, while being second-born or later may provide marginal protection against asthma, although the effect has weakened in recent years.
WORLD JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Aino K. Rantala, German Tapia, Maria C. Magnus, Lars C. Stene, Jouni J. K. Jaakkola, Ketil Stordal, Oystein Karlstad, Wenche Nystad
Summary: Maternal antibiotic use and infections during pregnancy are associated with an increased risk of offspring asthma. The use of antibiotics during pregnancy is linked to asthma at the age of 7, while maternal infections during pregnancy are associated with asthma at both 7 and 13 years old. However, the effect of antibiotics may reflect a shared underlying susceptibility rather than a direct cause.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Tracy Caroline Bank, Emily Nuss, Keshab Subedi, Matthew K. Hoffman, Anthony Sciscione
Summary: This study aimed to compare the outcomes of women with isolated maternal fevers treated with antibiotics and expectant management. The results showed a lower rate of postpartum fever in women who received antibiotics, but a higher rate of neonatal intensive care unit admissions and 5-minute Apgar score of <7.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
Angela Leigh-Ann Bosma, Wouter Ouwerkerk, Maritza Albertina Middelkamp-Hup
Summary: Children with difficult-to-treat atopic eczema who experience flares in the pollen season are more likely to be sensitized to one or more types of pollen, have patient-reported hay fever, and have a dark skin type. These characteristics, along with younger age, can help identify this phenotype without the need for specific allergy testing.
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Tetsuya Isayama, Satoshi Kusuda, Mark Adams, Elettra Berti, Malcolm Battin, Kjell Helenius, Stellan Hakansson, Maximo Vento, Mikael Norman, Brian Reichman, Akihiko Noguchi, Shoo K. Lee, Dirk Bassler, Kei Lui, Liisa Lehtonen, Junmin Yang, Prakesh S. Shah
Summary: The study showed significant variation in the treatment of presymptomatic PDA and routine echocardiography-based treatment did not yield significant benefits. Well-designed trials are needed to assess the efficacy and safety of early targeted PDA treatment.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jacques Shebehe, Scott Montgomery, Anders Hansson, Ayako Hiyoshi
Summary: This study examined the association between health literacy and multiple medications in community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and older in England. The results showed that there was no overall association between health literacy and the number of medications among those at risk for medication. However, there was a weak association between low health literacy and the number of medications in men. The study also found that low health literacy was associated with a higher risk of polypharmacy.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kok Wai Giang, Zacharias Mandalenakis, Maria Fedchenko, Peter Eriksson, Annika Rosengren, Mikael Norman, Katarina Hanseus, Mikael Dellborg
Summary: The study assessed the birth prevalence of congenital heart disease (CHD) in Sweden over a half-century and found a significant increase in the number of cases, with the largest increase observed among patients with simple defects. Overall, cardiac interventions decreased, but interventions for the most complex CHD groups increased.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nicole Prinz, Resthie R. R. Putri, Thomas Reinehr, Pernilla Danielsson, Daniel Weghuber, Mikael Norman, Niels Rochow, Claude Marcus, Reinhard W. Holl, Emilia Hagman
Summary: Background: Children with obesity have an increased risk of cardiometabolic risk factors, but not all children carry a similar risk. Perinatal factors, i.e., gestational age (GA) and birth weight for GA, may affect the risk for metabolic complications. However, there are conflicting data whether the association between birth size and cardiometabolic risk factors is independent among children with obesity. Moreover, differential effects of GA and birth weight for GA on cardiometabolic risk factors in pediatric obesity are still unexplored. We aimed to investigate the association between birth weight for GA and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity and to assess whether the association is modified by prematurity.
Article
Respiratory System
Maaike Giezeman, Josefin Sundh, Asa Athlin, Karin Lisspers, Bjorn Stallberg, Christer Janson, Scott Montgomery, Marta A. Kisiel, Anna Nager, Hanna Sandelowsky, Mikael Hasselgren
Summary: The study aimed to examine the association between comorbid heart disease and hospitalization and mortality in COPD patients. The findings showed that COPD patients with heart disease had a higher risk of hospitalization and mortality, mainly due to cardiovascular and other causes. Therefore, there is a need for strong primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in COPD patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Mikael Norman, Jesper Padkaer Petersen, Hans Jorgen Stensvold, Thordur Thorkelsson, Kjell Helenius, Charlotte Brix Andersson, Heidi Orum Cueto, Magnus Domellof, Mika Gissler, Anna Heino, Stellan Hakansson, Baldvin Jonsson, Claus Klingenberg, Liisa Lehtonen, Marjo Metsaranta, Arild E. Ronnestad, Simon Trautner
Summary: According to this observational study, there are significant regional variations in the management of extremely preterm infants in the Nordic regions, including the use of antenatal interventions, birth locations, and treatment and care methods.
Article
Pediatrics
Pernilla Dillner, Maria Unbeck, Mikael Norman, Per Nydert, Karin Pukk Harenstam, Synnove Lindemalm, Dirk Wackernagel, Ulrika Forberg
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and characteristics of inpatient neonatal adverse events in a Swedish setting. A retrospective record review was performed using a trigger tool by registered nurses and a neonatologist at a University Hospital. The results showed that adverse events were common in neonatal care, with a high rate of preventable events occurring during the first week of admission.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ayako Hiyoshi, Mikael Rostila, Katja Fall, Scott Montgomery, Alessandra Grotta
Summary: This study examines the changes in smoking, drinking, eating, physical activity, and leisure pursuits in relation to caregiving. The findings suggest that there are differences in behavior changes between co-resident and out-of-home caregiving, as well as variations based on sex, educational attainment, and welfare state typology.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ayako Hiyoshi, Christopher H. Hawkes, James E. Neffendorf, Tomas Olsson, Gavin Giovannoni, Scott Montgomery
Summary: Using Swedish register data, a cohort study was conducted to explore the association between myopia in late adolescence and the subsequent risk of multiple sclerosis (MS). The study found no evidence of an association between myopia and MS, indicating no important shared risk factors.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Pontus Challis, Karin Kallen, Lars Bjorklund, Anders Elfvin, Aijaz Farooqi, Stellan Hakansson, David Ley, Mikael Norman, Erik Normann, Fredrik Serenius, Karin Savman, Lena Hellstrom-Westas, Petra Um-Bergstrom, Ulrika Aden, Thomas Abrahamsson, Magnus Domellof
Summary: This study investigates the potential risk factors for the increased incidence of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) in Swedish extremely preterm infants. The results show a higher incidence of NEC in recent years, especially in cases occurring after 7 days of life. The increase in NEC is partly explained by increased survival rates in extremely preterm infants.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Caroline Ahlroth Pind, Bjorn Stallberg, Karin Lisspers, Josefin Sundh, Marta A. Kisiel, Hanna Sandelowsky, Anna Nager, Mikael Hasselgren, Scott Montgomery, Christer Janson
Summary: Despite increased use of ICS + LABA for maintenance treatment and symptom relief, there is still a problem of low ICS use and high SABA use among asthma patients.
Article
Pediatrics
Agnes Linner, Ylva Thernstrom Blomqvist, Kristina Jonsson, Siri Lillieskold, Mikael Norman
Summary: Most parents in Sweden rated neonatal care as excellent, but parents of extremely preterm infants gave fewer excellent ratings, indicating the need for further optimization of parental involvement and support.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mia-Maria Ekstrom, Eleonor Tiblad, Mikael Norman, Olof Stephansson, Michaela Granfors
Summary: The study aims to describe maternal, pregnancy, and neonatal outcomes in expectantly managed triplet pregnancies in Sweden. The study found that neonatal survival rate was high in expectantly managed triplet pregnancies, with almost all infants being liveborn and a low rate of severe neonatal morbidity and mortality. Triplet pregnancies involving fetal reduction had higher gestational age at birth and higher birthweight.
UPSALA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Harald Ehrhardt, Adrien M. Aubert, Ulrika Aden, Elizabeth S. Draper, Anna Gudmundsdottir, Heili Varendi, Tom Weber, Michael Zemlin, Rolf F. Maier, Jennifer Zeitlin
Summary: This study found no association between Apgar scores and long-term outcomes in infants born extremely preterm (EPT). This may be due to high interobserver variability in Apgar scoring, poorer response to resuscitation after birth among EPT infants, and the influence of more deleterious exposures in the neonatal intensive care unit or socioeconomic factors on outcomes during the first 5 years of life.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Yang Cao, Maximilian Peter Forssten, Babak Sarani, Scott Montgomery, Shahin Mohseni
Summary: This study developed a predictive model for in-hospital mortality in patients with severe traumatic brain injury using the machine learning algorithm XGBoost. The model achieved excellent predictive ability for patients with a length of stay up to 5 days, but performance decreased for patients with longer stays. Factors such as injury severity, Glasgow Coma Scale on admission, and patient's age were found to be important predictors.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
