Article
Cell Biology
Rosy Ghanem, Philippe Roquefort, Sophie Ramel, Veronique Laurent, Tanguy Haute, Tony Le Gall, Thierry Aubry, Tristan Montier
Summary: The mucus in CF patients' airways is a yield stress fluid with unique rheological properties. Rheological analyses can provide biophysical markers for disease management. Treatment with rhDNAse appears to lower the apparent yield stress of CF sputum, which could be a predictive biomarker for prognosis and aid in the development of new mucolytic agents.
Article
Cell Biology
Jeremy Charriot, Mathilde Volpato, Aurelie Petit, Isabelle Vachier, Arnaud Bourdin
Summary: Obstructive lung diseases share common pathophysiological features related to mucus production and regulation. Understanding the composition, behavior, and regulatory mechanisms of mucus in patients is crucial for therapeutic interventions. This article provides a comprehensive overview of sample collection, analytical techniques, and potential integration with treatment options.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jeremy Charriot, Maeva Zysman, Laurent Guilleminault, Mathilde Volpato, Aurelie Fort-Petit, Isabelle Vachier, Jeremy Patarin, Carey Suehs, Engi Ahmed, Nicolas Molinari, Arnaud Bourdin
Summary: This study aims to provide an objective biomarker for guiding the prescription of azithromycin in COPD patients, by using sputum rheology to assess their condition and reduce antibiotic exposure. The study is a multicentric, randomized, controlled trial with 36 patients, having a one-year follow-up to evaluate the number of COPD exacerbations as the primary outcome.
Review
Microbiology
Daniela Rothschild-Rodriguez, Morgen Hedges, Merve Kaplan, Sercan Karav, Franklin L. Nobrega
Summary: The interaction between the gut mucosa and the bacterial component of the microbiota in the human gastrointestinal tract plays a crucial role in digestion, immune regulation, and overall health. Gut bacteria residing in the mucus layer can influence the integrity of the mucosal barrier, affecting health or disease progression. The viral members, particularly bacteriophages, also have the potential to interact with gut mucus, but their effects remain largely unexplored. This review discusses the role of bacteriophages in influencing mucosal integrity and their potential impact on health and disease states.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Maxwell McDermott, Antonio R. Cerullo, James Parziale, Eleonora Achrak, Sharmin Sultana, Jennifer Ferd, Safiyah Samad, William Deng, Adam B. Braunschweig, Mande Holford
Summary: Mucins are glycosylated proteins secreted by animals for various functions, with snails producing them in mucus for purposes like microbial protection and lubrication. Recently, snail mucins have found applications in diverse fields such as skincare, wound healing, and biomedicine. Advancements in omics technologies have led to better understanding and utilization of gastropod mucins for novel biomaterials.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jacob Vieira, Tara Gallagher, Hui-Yu Sui, Sirus Jesudasen, Katrine Whiteson, George A. O'Toole, Kurt Hanselmann, Peggy S. Lai
Summary: The study focuses on the role of airway microbial communities in cystic fibrosis and other chronic pulmonary diseases, particularly in understanding how high oxygen levels affect lung microbial communities. A new model using hyperoxic conditions in artificial sputum medium successfully cultured a variety of pathogens and commensals commonly found in CF sputum, leading to different culture phenotypes under varying oxygen conditions. This approach may provide insights into the effects of oxygen therapy in pwCF on airway microbial communities and respiratory pathogens.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xuan Mei, Junlang Li, Zhenzhen Wang, Dashuai Zhu, Ke Huang, Shiqi Hu, Kristen D. Popowski, Ke Cheng
Summary: Researchers developed an inhalable bioadhesive hydrogel called SHIELD, which forms a dense hydrogel layer in the airway to enhance barrier properties against SARS-CoV-2 infection. The method was shown to effectively protect against SARS-CoV-2 virus variants in mice and non-human primates.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Oanh N. Hoang, Anna Ermund, Ana M. Jaramillo, Dalia Fakih, Cory B. French, Jose R. Flores, Harry Karmouty-Quintana, Jesper M. Magnusson, Giorgio Fois, Michael Fauler, Manfred Frick, Peter Braubach, Joshua B. Hales, Richard C. Kurten, Reynold Panettieri, Leoncio Vergara, Camille Ehre, Roberto Adachi, Michael J. Tuvim, Gunnar C. Hansson, Burton F. Dickey
Summary: MUC5AC and MUC5B can be packaged within individual secretory granules in both mice and humans, either together or separately. This study provides important insights into the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Benedikt C. Huck, Xabier Murgia, Sarah Frisch, Marius Hittinger, Alberto Hidalgo, Brigitta Loretz, Claus-Michael Lehr
Summary: This article focuses on mucus and discusses its composition, functions, and its relationship with pulmonary diseases. The critical features of mucus models and their potential application in drug delivery research are reviewed.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Marco Calvigioni, Adelaide Panattoni, Francesco Biagini, Leonardo Donati, Diletta Mazzantini, Mariacristina Massimino, Costanza Daddi, Francesco Celandroni, Giovanni Vozzi, Emilia Ghelardi
Summary: Culturing gut microbiota in vitro is a viable approach for studying microbial dynamics and the effects of perturbations on the gut community. This study aimed to replicate mucus-associated microbial populations using an established three-dimensional model of the human gut microbiota. Gelatin structures coated with or without mucins were inoculated with fecal samples and compared for microbial adhesion, growth, and composition of colonizing communities. Mucin-coated structures promoted the enrichment of mucosa-associated microorganisms like Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bethany D. Batson, Bryan T. Zorn, Giorgia Radicioni, Stephanie S. Livengood, Tadahiro Kumagai, Hong Dang, Agathe Ceppe, Phillip W. Clapp, Michael Tunney, J. Stuart Elborn, Noel G. McElvaney, Marianne S. Muhlebach, Richard C. Boucher, Michael Tiemeyer, Matthew C. Wolfgang, Mehmet Kesimer
Summary: The study investigates the effect of CF airway environment on mucin quantity and quality, and the correlation between mucin parameters and microbiome and clinical data. The results show elevated concentrations of MUC5AC and MUC5B in CF compared to healthy subjects, and mucin parameters correlate with age and neutrophil elastase activity. The findings suggest the interaction of mucins, pathogens, epithelium, and inflammatory cells leads to proteomic and glycomic changes, reflecting a persistent mucoobstructive, infectious, and inflammatory state.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mathilde Volpato, Jerome Vialaret, Christophe Hirtz, Aurelie Petit, Carey Suehs, Jeremy Patarin, Eric Matzner-Lober, Isabelle Vachier, Nicolas Molinari, Arnaud Bourdin, Jeremy Charriot
Summary: In muco-obstructive lung diseases, rheology can predict sputum eosinophilia and is correlated with mucin concentrations.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Benjamin X. Wang, Chloe M. Wu, Katharina Ribbeck
Summary: Healthy mucus houses a stable and diverse microbial community, essential for human health to support commensal bacteria and prevent pathogen overgrowth. Mucus may regulate microbiota composition and function through various strategies, while compromised mucus barriers in disease can lead to microbial dysbiosis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elex Harris, Molly Easter, Janna Ren, Stefanie Krick, Jarrod Barnes, Steven M. Rowe
Summary: This study reports the development and characterization of a novel ex vivo trachea model that utilizes both wild type and CFTR-/- rat tracheae cultured on a porcine gelatin matrix. The ex vivo tracheae remain viable for weeks, maintain a CF disease phenotype, and respond to stimulation of mucus and fluid secretion. The model can be used for well-controlled pharmacological treatments and high mucus protein yields for subsequent studies.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Charles R. Esther, Wanda K. O'Neal, Wayne H. Anderson, Mehmet Kesimer, Agathe Ceppe, Claire M. Doerschuk, Neil E. Alexis, Annette T. Hastie, R. Graham Barr, Russell P. Bowler, J. Michael Wells, Elizabeth C. Oelsner, Alejandro P. Comellas, Yohannes Tesfaigzi, Victor Kim, Laura M. Paulin, Christopher B. Cooper, MeiLan K. Han, Yvonne J. Huang, Wassim W. Labaki, Jeffrey L. Curtis, Richard C. Boucher
Summary: This study identified altered physiologic pathways associated with COPD airway pathophysiologic features through the analysis of sputum samples. Several biomarkers were found to be correlated with disease severity and predicted exacerbations in COPD patients.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Raisa Tikhtman, David L. Steward
OTOLARYNGOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Pallavi Kulkarni, David Goldenberg
OTOLARYNGOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Brendan C. Stack
Summary: SHPT is primarily managed through diet, ultraviolet exposure, vitamin D intake, and dialysis. Drugs and surgery are reserved for refractory cases, complications, and preparation for renal transplantation. A team approach is crucial in managing these patients.
OTOLARYNGOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Britney Scott, Richard J. Wong
OTOLARYNGOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Diana N. Kirke, Catherine F. Sinclair
OTOLARYNGOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Maralee R. Kanin, Angela M. Leung
OTOLARYNGOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Pia Pace-Asciak, Ralph P. Tufano
Summary: Endocrine surgery has made significant advances in recent decades, expanding surgical and nonsurgical techniques. The use of newer generation robotics allows for more flexibility and better tactile feedback. Autofluorescence technology shows promise in identifying parathyroid glands and reducing the risk of hypoparathyroidism. Future research will incorporate artificial intelligence to improve preoperative assessment and intraoperative decision-making.
OTOLARYNGOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Zoe H. Fullerton, Lisa A. Orloff
Summary: Parathyroidectomy for PHPT is usually straightforward, but thorough preoperative preparation is crucial for maximizing surgical success and minimizing complications.
OTOLARYNGOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Amanda J. Bastien, Allen S. Ho
OTOLARYNGOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Catherine Alessandra Colaianni, Maisie Shindo
OTOLARYNGOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
