期刊
ORGANOMETALLICS
卷 34, 期 1, 页码 381-394出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/om501250y
关键词
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资金
- Doctoral New Investigator Grant from the ACS Petroleum Research Fund [51009-DNI3]
- Norwegian Research Council through the Center of Excellence for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (CTCC) [179568/V30]
- Norwegian Metacenter for Computational Science (NOTUR) [nn4654k]
- EU REA [CompuWOC/618303]
- NSF
- Norwegian Research Council [220360/F11]
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
- Camille and Henry Dreyfus Foundation Teacher Scholar
One of the most commonly used classes of precatalysts for cross-coupling are Pd(II) complexes of the type (eta(3)-allyl)Pd(L)Cl. Here, we report the first full investigation of how the steric and electronic properties of the 2-substituent affect the catalytic properties of precatalysts of the type (eta(3)-allyl)Pd(L)Cl. Specifically, we have prepared and studied a series of well-defined 2-substituted precatalysts of the type (eta(3)-2-R-allyl)Pd(IPr)Cl (R = H, Ph, Me, Bu-t, OMe, CN), as well as their related Pd(I) (mu-2-R-allyl)(mu-Cl)Pd-2(IPr)(2) dimers. The catalytic performance of the Pd(II) monomers and their Pd(I) mu-allyl dimer congeners is compared for the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction. When Pd(II) monomers are used as precatalysts, we observe the formation of the Pd(I) mu-allyl dimers during catalysis. In fact, we find that the catalytic efficiency of (eta(3)-2-R-allyl)Pd(IPr)Cl precatalysts correlates inversely with the thermodynamic stability of the related Pd(I) mu-allyl dimers. Therefore, we have examined the structural and electronic properties of the Pd(I) mu-allyl dimers in detail and probed the mechanism of the (mu-2-R-allyl)(mu-Cl)Pd-2(IPr)(2) dimer/(eta(3)-2-R-allyl)Pd(IPr)Cl monomer interconversion both experimentally and computationally. Overall, this study shows that the formation of Pd(I) mu-allyl dimers can play a crucial role in determining the catalytic efficiency of precatalysts of the type (eta(3)-allyl)Pd(IPr)Cl.
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