Synthesis and activity of largazole analogues with linker and macrocycle modification

To characterize largazole's structural requirements for histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitory and anti proliferative activities, a series of analogues with modifications to the side chain or 16-membered macrocycle were prepared and biologically evaluated. Structure-activity relationships suggested that the four-atom linker between the macrocycle and octanoyl group in the side chain and the (S)-configuration at the C17 position are critical to repression of HDAC activity. However, the valine residue in the macrocycle can be replaced with alanine without significant loss of activity.