Article
Chemistry, Physical
Pan Tan, Jinming Yue, Yuanxi Yu, Binghang Liu, Tao Liu, Lirong Zheng, Lunhua He, Xiaohua Zhang, Liumin Suo, Liang Hong
Summary: The unique microstructure and ionic transport mechanism of the superconcentrated electrolyte water-in-salt were investigated, proposing an ionic transport model and providing a unified explanation for the phenomena observed in water-in-salt electrolytes.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Francesco Cavenago, Mauro Massari, Alessandro M. Giordano, Gianluca Garofalo
Summary: This paper addresses the unexpected contact handling problem for a free-flying orbital robot by developing a nonlinear observer and proposing a reaction control strategy. The performance of the observer and the controller is assessed through a numerical example.
JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Arjun Ashoka, Nicolas Gauriot, Aswathy Girija, Nipun Sawhney, Alexander J. Sneyd, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Jooyoung Sung, Christoph Schnedermann, Akshay Rao
Summary: The authors present a quantitative ultrafast interferometric pump-probe microscopy technique that can track photoexcitations with sub-10 nm spatial precision and 15 fs temporal resolution. The study investigates the spatiotemporal dynamics of singlet exciton fission in pentacene films and reveals the expansion and change in exciton density in different crystal directions.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Optics
I Petrov, U. Boesenberg, V. A. Bushuev, J. Hallmann, K. Kazarian, W. Lu, J. Moller, M. Reiser, A. Rodriguez-Fernandez, L. Samoylova, M. Scholz, H. Sinn, A. Zozulya, A. Madsen
Summary: This study presents experimental data illustrating the impact of heat load on the performance of a cryogenically cooled monochromator under the high intensity and MHz repetition rate of photon pulses generated by the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser. The measurements are in good agreement with a depth-uniform model of X-ray dynamical diffraction considering beam absorption and heat deformation of the crystals.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Leora E. Dresselhaus-Marais, Bernard Kozioziemski, Theodor S. Holstad, Trygve Magnus Raeder, Matthew Seaberg, Daewoong Nam, Sangsoo Kim, Sean Breckling, Sungwook Choi, Matthieu Chollet, Philip K. Cook, Eric Folsom, Eric Galtier, Arnulfo Gonzalez, Tais Gorkhover, Serge Guillet, Kristoffer Haldrup, Marylesa Howard, Kento Katagiri, Seonghan Kim, Sunam Kim, Sungwon Kim, Hyunjung Kim, Erik Bergbaeck Knudsen, Stephan Kuschel, Hae Ja Lee, Chuanlong Lin, R. Stewart Mcwilliams, Bob Nagler, Martin Meedom Nielsen, Norimasa Ozaki, Dayeeta Pal, Ricardo Pablo Pedro, Alison M. Saunders, Frank Schoofs, Toshimori Sekine, Hugh Simons, Tim van Driel, Bihan Wang, Wenge Yang, Can Yildirim, Henning Friis Poulsen, Jon H. Eggert
Summary: The structures, strain fields, and defect distributions in solid materials significantly influence their mechanical and physical properties. Modern microstructural microscopy tools are limited to studying the near surface, while synchrotron X-ray diffraction and dark field X-ray microscopy (DFXM) can map internal structures but are time-consuming. This research extends DFXM to X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs), achieving higher resolution and faster imaging, and provides a comprehensive guide to the multi-modal ultrafast high-resolution X-ray microscope.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Domenico Bongiovanni, Denghui Li, Mihalis Goutsoulas, Hao Wu, Yi Hu, Daohong Song, Roberto Morandotti, Nikolaos K. Efremidis, Zhigang Chen
Summary: This study demonstrates free-space pin-like optical vortex beams with tunable peak intensity and robust antidiffracting propagation. By modulating the amplitude and phase profile of a laser beam, these beams exhibit unique autofocusing dynamics and morph into a high-order Bessel-like profile during propagation. The peak intensity evolution of these beams is controlled by the impressed amplitude structure, representing a novel property with potential applications.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Emanuele Galiffi, Gengyu Xu, Shixiong Yin, Hady Moussa, Younes Ra'di, Andrea Alu
Summary: Coherent wave control is used to suppress or enhance outgoing signals by exploiting the interference of multiple waves. In this study, we explore the temporal analogue of this phenomenon, showcasing ultrabroadband temporal coherent wave control using time interfaces. We demonstrate the photonic analogue of mechanical collisions with adjustable phase features, enabling the erasure, enhancement, and reshaping of optical pulses. This research provides a pathway for sculpting broadband light without spatial boundaries, within an ultrafast and low-energy platform.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ellen E. Guest, Luis F. Cervantes, Stephen D. Pickett, Charles L. Brooks, Jonathan D. Hirst
Summary: This study explores the accuracy and efficiency of two alchemical approaches, relative free energy perturbation (FEP) and multisite lambda dynamics (MS λ D), in predicting binding affinity of inhibitors for a specific protein. The results show that both methods have comparable accuracy in predicting binding free energies, with an average difference of 0.6 kcal mol-1. However, MS λ D is able to predict for a larger molecular space in a much shorter time scale compared to relative FEP.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Zengxian Tang, Xuejun Pan, Hengwei Zhou, Lianwei Li, Mingming Ding
Summary: This study investigates the conformational changes of a comb-like polymer chain in both free and confined states using Brownian dynamics simulations. The results provide insights into the quantitative relationships between various parameters and the conformation of the polymer chain. The study also reveals the significant influence of the diameter of the nanochannel on the chain's conformation.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Mingquan Wei, Xiaoyu Liu
Summary: In this note, the authors introduce the discrete (weak) central Morrey spaces, which are central versions of discrete (weak) Morrey spaces. They prove that the sharp bounds for the discrete Hardy operator from discrete central Morrey spaces to discrete weak central Morrey spaces are equal to 1. As an application, they obtain the weak version of the well-known discrete Hardy inequality.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wei-Tse Hsu, Valerio Piomponi, Pascal T. Merz, Giovanni Bussi, Michael R. Shirts
Summary: Performing alchemical transformations is widely used in free energy calculations for biophysical processes. Alchemical methods can fail in certain scenarios, but using alchemical variables in metadynamics can enhance sampling and address these issues. In this study, alchemical metadynamics was validated and shown to accelerate sampling by introducing configurational collective variables. The necessary code changes have been released for general use in PLUMED 2.8.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
M. P. Ariza, M. Ortiz
Summary: The semi-discrete particle method developed for Volterra dislocation currents uses particles to represent line elements and employs mobility kinetics driven by elastic and applied forces. The method weakly enforces the divergence constraint through mesh-free interpolation, avoiding the need for explicitly defining linear connectivity between particles. This 'line-free' approach offers computational advantages in simplicity, robustness, and efficiency, particularly in tracking complex dislocation patterns.
EXTREME MECHANICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Satoru Hayami, Megumi Yatsushiro
Summary: We propose a theoretical method to achieve nonlinear nonreciprocal transport in antiferromagnets without relying on spin-orbit coupling. Through symmetry and microscopic model analyses, we demonstrate two different mechanisms for nonlinear transport and provide example validations.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
A. Niedermayr, M. Volkov, S. A. Sato, N. Hartmann, Z. Schumacher, S. Neb, A. Rubio, L. Gallmann, U. Keller
Summary: The interaction of light with an excited free-electron gas is a fundamental process in physics and has applications across various fields. In this study, the researchers experimentally investigated the free-free opacity in aluminum on a few-femtosecond timescale. They found that a simple independent-particle model with a fixed band structure was sufficient to explain the experimental findings, without the need to consider changes in screening or electron scattering. These findings provide a benchmark for further investigations and modeling of dense nonequilibrium plasma under extreme conditions.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Liang Li, Pengfei Lan, Xiaosong Zhu, Peixiang Lu
Summary: Research shows that the wavelike behavior of electrons plays a crucial role in solid high harmonic generation, with the wavelet stationary-phase method providing an electron wave perspective. This perspective helps explain deviations between the predicted cutoff law by the particlelike recollision model and numerical simulations of semiconductor Bloch equations, as well as accurately predicting emission times of HHG. The wavelike properties of electron motion can be revealed in a two-color field HHG experiment.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Max Ehrhardt, Matthias Heinrich, Alexander Szameit
Summary: The ability of indistinguishable particles to interfere with one another is a fundamental principle in quantum mechanics. In this study, the researchers experimentally demonstrate the tunability of coincidence statistics for boson pairs, from full suppression to enhancement, by selecting an appropriate observation basis. This finding could have important implications for manipulating multi-particle quantum states and using non-Hermitian settings as functional elements in quantum simulation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Georgios G. Pyrialakos, Julius Beck, Matthias Heinrich, Lukas J. Maczewsky, Nikolaos Kantartzis, Mercedeh Khajavikhan, Alexander Szameit, Demetrios N. Christodoulides
Summary: In this study, the authors present a photonic realization of Floquet topological insulators that reveal topological phases supporting both Chern and anomalous topological states. They introduce a class of bimorphic Floquet topological insulators that utilize connective chains with periodically modulated on-site potentials to reveal rich topological features in the system. Experimental results using photonic waveguide lattices show a strongly confined helical edge state that can be set into motion or halted without compromising its adherence to individual lattice sites.
News Item
Optics
Stefan Scheel, Alexander Szameit
Summary: Non-Abelian braiding, crucial for achieving topological quantum computation, is realized using an array of photonic integrated waveguides.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tobias Biesenthal, Lukas J. Maczewsky, Zhaoju Yang, Mark Kremer, Mordechai Segev, Alexander Szameit, Matthias Heinrich
Summary: Conventional wisdom suggests that the insulating bulk is crucial for defining the topological properties of topological insulators. However, our study shows that even without an insulating bulk, fractal topological insulators composed exclusively of edge sites can still support topologically protected edge states. Additionally, we find that light transport in our topological fractal system exhibits higher velocities compared to the corresponding honeycomb lattice.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrea Steinfurth, Ivor Kresic, Sebastian Weidemann, Mark Kremer, Konstantinos G. Makris, Matthias Heinrich, Stefan Rotter, Alexander Szameit
Summary: This study theoretically and experimentally demonstrates the possibility of controlling light propagation and diffraction in inhomogeneous media through non-Hermitian tailoring.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alex Dikopoltsev, Sebastian Weidemann, Mark Kremer, Andrea Steinfurth, Hanan Herzig Sheinfux, Alexander Szameit, Mordechai Segev
Summary: Anderson localization predicts a complete halt of transport in one-dimensional uncorrelated disordered systems, but in reality, a disordered physical system is always correlated. We experimentally demonstrate that Anderson localization can occur and be dominant even for wave packets residing entirely outside the spectral extent of the disorder. We observe strong localization for wave packets centered at twice the mean wave number of the disorder spectral extent and at low wave numbers in synthetic photonic lattices containing bandwidth-limited disorder.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eran Lustig, Lukas J. Maczewsky, Julius Beck, Tobias Biesenthal, Matthias Heinrich, Zhaoju Yang, Yonatan Plotnik, Alexander Szameit, Mordechai Segev
Summary: The article introduces a method for achieving three-dimensional topological surface states in photonics, transforming a two-dimensional photonic waveguide array into a three-dimensional topological system by introducing the concepts of screw dislocation and synthetic dimensions, demonstrating protected edge state propagation in three dimensions.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
B. M. Villegas-Martinez, H. M. Moya-Cessa, F. Soto-Eguibar
Summary: An exact analytical solution for a one-dimensional zigzag waveguide array with first and second neighbor interactions is presented, which serves as a classical analog to displaced squeezed number states. The direct comparison with numerical solution shows perfect agreement. The study also examines the implication of a linear index of refraction changing with site number and finds that first neighbor interaction strongly influences the periodicity of Bloch oscillations.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Vera Neef, Julien Pinske, Friederike Klauck, Lucas Teuber, Mark Kremer, Max Ehrhardt, Matthias Heinrich, Stefan Scheel, Alexander Szameit
Summary: When a quantum system undergoes slow changes, its state evolution depends on the trajectory in Hilbert space, known as quantum holonomy, which reveals the geometric aspects of quantum theory. Matrix-valued holonomies are challenging to implement, and identifying suitable dark states for their construction in bosonic systems is even more complicated. In this study, a representation of holonomic theory based on the Heisenberg picture is developed, and a three-dimensional quantum holonomy is experimentally realized using indistinguishable photons. The findings could open up possibilities for the experimental study of higher-dimensional non-Abelian gauge symmetries and the exploration of exotic physics on a photonic chip.
Article
Optics
Jorge A. Anaya-Contreras, Arturo Zuniga-Segundo, Hector M. Moya-Cessa
Summary: We investigate the interaction between a mixture of coherent states and two-level atoms in the Jaynes-Cummings model. By calculating the von Neumann entropy, we observe oscillations indicating a purification of the initial state due to coherence transfer from the atom to the field. The negative Wigner function suggests the presence of a noisy multiple Schrodinger cat.
Article
Optics
Max Ehrhardt, Sebastian Weidemann, Lukas J. Maczewsky, Matthias Heinrich, Alexander Szameit
Summary: The concept of synthetic dimension uses non-spatial degrees of freedom to mimic additional geometric dimensions, overcoming limitations in the number of effectively available dimensions. Photonics offers various technological possibilities for controlling photons and their degrees of freedom, enabling the experimental exploration of higher-dimensional physical phenomena. Mathematical mapping procedures have further enhanced the field of synthetic dimensions, allowing for higher synthetic dimensions and potential applications in quantum simulations. This article summarizes and discusses current experimental approaches for probing higher-dimensional physics using synthetic dimensions on different light-based platforms, and provides an outlook on promising future prospects in this field.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Tom A. W. Wolterink, Matthias Heinrich, Alexander Szameit
Summary: This study applies concepts from supersymmetry (SUSY) to construct two-dimensional (2D) systems with spectra identical to that of one-dimensional (1D) J(x) lattices, facilitating experimental fabrication of large-scale photonic circuits.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Boquan Ren, Yaroslav V. Kartashov, Lukas J. Maczewsky, Marco S. Kirsch, Hongguang Wang, Alexander Szameit, Matthias Heinrich, Yiqi Zhang
Summary: We study linear and nonlinear higher-order topological insulators based on fractal waveguide arrays. These fractal structures have discrete rotational symmetries and multiple internal edges and corners in their optical potential landscape, and lack an insulating bulk. By systematically shifting the waveguides in the fractal arrays, we can form topological corner states at the outer corners of the array. These corner states can be efficiently excited by injecting Gaussian beams into the outer corner sites of the fractal arrays.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Sandra Gesing, Claire Stirm, Gerhard Klimeck, Lynn Zentner, Su Wang, Braulio M. Villegas-Martinez, Hector M. Moya-Cessa, Carrie Diaz Eaton, Sam Donovan, Carol Song, Lan Zhao, I. Luk Kim, Alejandro Strachan, Michael Zentner, Rajesh Kalyanam
Summary: This article discusses the growth of communities for four science gateways - nanoHUB, MyGeoHub, QUBEShub, and HubICL - using Hubzero platform to foster open science and tackle education with a diverse set of approaches and target communities.
COMPUTING IN SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Holger Gies, Abdol Sabor Salek
Summary: We investigate the renormalization flow of Hilbert-Palatini gravity to the lowest non-trivial order and find evidence of an asymptotically safe high-energy completion. By quantizing all degrees of freedom beyond Einstein gravity at a given order, we can track the differences between quantizing Hilbert-Palatini gravity and Einstein gravity, which are parametrized by fluctuations of an additional abelian gauge field. The critical properties of the ultraviolet fixed point of Hilbert-Palatini gravity are similar to those of the Reuter fixed point, but occur at a smaller Newton coupling and exhibit more stable higher order exponents.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2023)
