News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anil Oza
Summary: The US National Science Foundation plans to utilize the historic site for biology and computer science education.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Elif Nur Durmaz, Sevil Sahin, Ettore Virga, Sissi de Beer, Louis C. P. M. de Smet, Wiebe M. de Vos
Summary: Advanced membranes with functionalities beyond standard separation properties, such as stimuli-responsiveness, fouling control, stability, specific selectivity, sustainability, and antimicrobial activity, can play a key role in addressing global challenges such as climate change and water scarcity. Polyelectrolytes and their complexes show great promise in providing advanced membrane properties, offering a sustainable and versatile approach to membrane fabrication. This review highlights the potential of polyelectrolytes and their complexes for next-generation membranes with advanced properties, providing insight into the future of this field.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dan Yi, Yaojing Zhang, Xinru Wu, Hon Ki Tsang
Summary: A high-resolution compact spectrometer based on a multimode waveguide integrated with a planar photonic lantern is proposed in the study, showing potential for ultra-compact and high-resolution spectrometer systems. The system demonstrated spectral correlation width of 0.16-nm at 1560 nm and can scale up for wider operational bandwidth by estimating the spectrometer resolution and the number of supported modes.
IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xueying Zhang, Bin Zhang, Shihai Wei, Hao Li, Jinyu Liao, Cheng Li, Guangwei Deng, You Wang, Haizhi Song, Lixing You, Bo Jing, Feng Chen, Guangcan Guo, Qiang Zhou
Summary: We report an integrated multimode photonic quantum memory for single photon storage at the telecom band. Using a fiber-pigtailed Er3+:LiNbO3 waveguide, the device can store up to 330 temporal modes of heralded single photon, with a 4-GHz-wide bandwidth at 1532 nm and a 167-fold increasing of coincidence detection rate compared to single mode. This research represents an important advancement towards future quantum networks using integrated photonics devices.
Article
Optics
Dajian Liu, Jianghao He, Mingyu Zhu, Yuluan Xiang, Long Zhang, Ming Zhang, Yang Xu, Daoxin Dai
Summary: In this article, a high-performance silicon photonic filter is proposed and demonstrated using apodised antisymmetric multimode subwavelength gratings (MSWGs), which enable flexible manipulation of the coupling coefficient, the local effective index, and the mode profile.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Zihan Tao, Yuansheng Tao, Ming Jin, Jun Qin, Ruixuan Chen, Bitao Shen, Yichen Wu, Haowen Shu, Shaohua Yu, Xingjun Wang
Summary: This study proposes a wideband and highly reconfigurable integrated microwave photonic filter (IMPF) on the silicon photonics platform. By employing a phase-modulated flexible sideband cancellation method, the IMPF achieves various practical filter responses without complex auxiliary devices and bias drift problems. The IMPF exhibits exceptional performances including operation in the millimeter-wave band (>= 30 GHz), high spectral resolution (220 MHz), and large rejection ratio (60 dB), and it also demonstrates Gb/s-level RF wireless communications for real-world scenarios.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Optics
Matthew N. Ashner, Uttam Paudel, Marta Luengo-Kovac, Jacob Pilawa, George C. Valley
Summary: The article introduces a photonic reservoir computer architecture using speckle in a multimode waveguide ring resonator, eliminating the need for ultra-high-speed analog-digital conversion or spatial light modulators. Simulations demonstrate different numbers of effective neurons can be provided under different waveguide properties, with excellent predictive capabilities for various waveforms and chaotic solutions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jianghong Wu, Maoliang Wei, Jianglong Mu, Hui Ma, Chuyu Zhong, Yuting Ye, Chunlei Sun, Bo Tang, Lichun Wang, Junying Li, Xiaomin Xu, Bilu Liu, Lan Li, Hongtao Lin
Summary: The study demonstrates the potential of Bi2O2Se in silicon photonic circuits, showing high-performance characteristics for photodetectors suitable for spectroscopy, sensing, and communication applications.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Aurelien Benoit, Stephanos Yerolatsitis, Kerrianne Harrington, Tim A. Birks, Robert R. Thomson
Summary: The study introduces a new method to mitigate focal-ratio degradation in multimode fibre links, utilizing a custom multicore fibre and adiabatic mode-selective photonic lanterns to improve transmission efficiency.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Young Geon Kim, Sanghyuk Park, Ye Hun Choi, Sang Hoon Han, Shin-Hyun Kim
Summary: Colloidal crystals are used to develop structural colors, and a new type of elastic photonic microcapsules has been designed using these crystals as building blocks. By microfluidically preparing water-in-oil-in-water double-emulsion templates, the microcapsules can achieve high quality structural colors on macroscopic surfaces.
Article
Optics
Juan Zhang, Zhengyong Ji, Zhiyuan Wu, Yang Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a simple and effective calculation method for the transmission characteristics of PPIWMs, which can help analyze reconfigurable photonic circuits with larger scale and higher complexity.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Gaolei Hu, Keyi Zhong, Yue Qin, Hon Ki Tsang
Summary: The authors propose and demonstrate a silicon photonic integrated circuit (PIC) for exciting spatial modes in a multimode-fiber (MMF) speckle imaging system. The PIC consists of an optical phased array and an array of nanoantennas to bridge the PIC and MMF. The nanoantenna array can excite a wide range of spatial modes in the MMF with low loss. The use of the proposed PIC achieves high spatial resolution in the MMF imaging system.
Article
Physics, Applied
Yuri B. Ovchinnikov
Summary: This paper describes integrated photonic circuits based on suspended photonic rib waveguides, which can be utilized for trapping, guiding, and splitting ultra-cold neutral atoms using two-color evanescent light fields. Configurations of quantum inertial sensors based on such integrated atomo-photonic waveguides, which simultaneously guide photons and atoms along the same paths, are presented. The paper also discusses the differences between free-space and guided atom interferometers under external forces, as well as the theoretical and technological challenges in realizing this platform for quantum technologies.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Muralikrishnan Srinivasan, Sarath Gopi, Sheetal Kalyani, Xiaojing Huang, Lajos Hanzo
Summary: A high-rate yet low-cost air-to-ground communication backbone is proposed, utilizing passenger planes or high altitude platforms as mobile base stations and millimetre wave communication. Different beamforming techniques are used for transmission to achieve high directional gain and minimize interference, with approximate spectral efficiency and area spectral efficiency expressions derived for diverse system parameters.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yonghui Zheng, Chang Wang, Zhiyong Tan, Zhenzhen Zhang, Jun Jiang, Binbin Cheng, Juncheng Cao
Summary: We have demonstrated a deep subwavelength quasi-photonic crystal waveguide called 2D closed surface-wave photonic crystal by combining a photonic crystal with a spoof surface plasmon polaritons-based metal-insulator-metal structure. The closed surface-wave photonic crystal waveguide can introduce defect modes in the frequency band where the first-order dispersion curve of the surface-wave photonic crystals is located. We have verified our work through experiments, theory, and simulation, and the closed surface-wave photonic crystals can be used as highly integrated waveguides and multi-bandpass/band-elimination filters in integrated optical circuits.
RESULTS IN PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
I Karovicova, T. R. White, T. Nordlander, L. Casagrande, M. Ireland, D. Huber
Summary: This study presents new fundamental stellar parameters of nine dwarf stars that can be used as benchmark stars for large stellar surveys. The precision achieved in determining effective temperature (Teff) is important for accurate determinations of fundamental parameters and abundances of stars observed by the surveys. The combination of interferometric observations, 3D limb-darkening modelling, and spectroscopic analysis resulted in precise measurements of the stellar parameters.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Saurabh Bhardwaj, Toney Teddy Fernandez, Simon Gross, Michael J. Withford, Michael J. Steel
Summary: This study investigates the morphology of femtosecond laser, single pulse-inscribed, point-by-point fiber Bragg gratings. The refractive index profile of a point-by-point grating is directly measured using micro-reflectivity analysis. The grating is imaged at a sub-micrometer scale using scanning electron microscopy, and Raman and photoluminescence studies are conducted to probe the structural and electronic changes. The results from different characterization techniques suggest that the creation of an increased refractive index region around the micro-void is due to contributions from both densification and the formation of highly polarizable non-bridging oxygen bonds.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alessio Zanutta, Stefano Cristiani, David Atkinson, Veronica Baldini, Andrea Balestra, Beatriz Barbuy, Vanessa Bawden P. Macanhan, Ariadna Calcines, Giorgio Calderone, Scott Case, Bruno Castilho, Gabriele Cescutti, Roberto Cirami, Igor Coretti, Stefano Covino, Guido Cupani, Vincenzo De Caprio, Hans Dekker, Paolo Di Marcantonio, Valentina D'Odorico, Heitor Ernandes, Chris Evans, Tobias Feger, Carmen Feiz, Mariagrazia Franchini, Matteo Genoni, Clemens D. Gneiding, Mikolaj Kaluszynski, Marco Landoni, Jon Lawrence, David Lunney, Chris Miller, Karan Molaverdikhani, Cyrielle Opitom, Giorgio Pariani, Silvia Piranomonte, Andreas Quirrenbach, Edoardo Maria Alberto Redaelli, Marco Riva, David Robertson, Silvia Rossi, Florian Rothmaier, Walter Seifert, Rodolfo Smiljanic, Julian Stuermer, Ingo Stilz, Andrea Trost, Orlando Verducci, Chris Waring, Stephen Watson, Martyn Wells, Wenli Xu, Tayyaba Zafar, Sonia Zorba
Summary: CUBES is a conceptual design for the Very Large Telescope that provides unprecedented sensitivity and resolution for ground-based spectroscopy in the ultraviolet range. It allows for a wide range of research in solar system, Galactic, and extragalactic astronomy.
EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Peter J. Watson, Roger L. Davies, Jesse van de Sande, Sarah Brough, Scott M. Croom, Francesco D'Eugenio, Karl Glazebrook, Brent Groves, Angel R. Lopez-Sanchez, Nicholas Scott, Sam P. Vaughan, C. Jakob Walcher, Joss Bland-Hawthorn, Julia J. Bryant, Michael Goodwin, Jon S. Lawrence, Nuria P. F. Lorente, Matt S. Owers, Samuel Richards
Summary: We explore the relationship between the mean stellar population properties and the spin parameter proxy in a sample of 1492 galaxies. We find that there is a correlation between the two, with disc-dominated galaxies having an extended duration of star formation.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sree Oh, Matthew Colless, Francesco D'Eugenio, Scott M. Croom, Luca Cortese, Brent Groves, Lisa J. Kewley, Jesse van de Sande, Henry Zovaro, Mathew R. Varidel, Stefania Barsanti, Joss Bland-Hawthorn, Sarah Brough, Julia J. Bryant, Sarah Casura, Jon S. Lawrence, Nuria P. F. Lorente, Anne M. Medling, Matt S. Owers, Sukyoung K. Yi
Summary: This study investigates the velocity dispersions of ionized gas and stars in galaxies from the SAMI Galaxy Survey. It finds that for star-forming galaxies, the velocity dispersion of stars tends to be larger than that of ionized gas, suggesting a general dynamic difference. The study also reveals correlations between the velocity dispersion differences and various galaxy properties, such as beam smearing and the contribution of active galactic nuclei (AGN) or evolved stars to the ionized gas emission.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yifan Mai, Sam P. Vaughan, Scott M. Croom, Jesse van de Sande, Stefania Barsanti, Joss Bland-Hawthorn, Sarah Brough, Julia J. Bryant, Matthew Colless, Michael Goodwin, Brent Groves, Iraklis S. Konstantopoulos, Jon S. Lawrence, Nuria P. F. Lorente, Samuel N. Richards
Summary: Using data from the SAMI Galaxy Survey, the study explores the correlation between the rotation of SAMI galaxies and the motion of neighboring galaxies. The results show that there is a significant coherence signal within 1 Mpc, which increases with distance up to 2 Mpc but becomes consistent with zero or negative beyond 3 Mpc. The study suggests that the coherence signals within 2 Mpc might be influenced by the variance of large-scale structure.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Glen Douglass, W. Minster Kunkel, Ali Ghoreyshi, Simon Gross, Michael J. Withford, James R. Leger
Summary: In this paper, gradient-index beam shapers are fabricated using the ultrafast laser inscription method. By adjusting the laser pulse energy, arbitrary two-dimensional refractive index profiles can be manufactured, resulting in highly robust and compact beam shapers. Planar waveguides with quadratic index profiles and a more complex two-dimensional refractive index profile are demonstrated to resize Gaussian beams predictably and transform them into super-Gaussian (flat-top) beams.
Article
Optics
Yan Ososkov, Jinho Lee, Toney T. Fernandez, Alex Fuerbach, Stuart D. Jackson
Summary: We demonstrate the high-efficiency operation of a dysprosium-doped fluoroindate glass fiber laser at 3.05 μm, which is pumped at 2.83 μm using an erbium-doped fluorozirconate glass fiber laser. The free-running laser achieves a slope efficiency of 82%, close to the Stokes efficiency limit. We achieve narrow-linewidth wavelength stabilization at 3.2 μm by utilizing a high-reflectivity fiber Bragg grating inscribed in the dysprosium-doped fluoroindate glass. These results open up possibilities for power-scaling of mid-infrared fiber lasers using fluoroindate glass.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Christian R. Hayes, Kim A. Venn, Fletcher Waller, Jaclyn Jensen, Alan W. Mcconnachie, John Pazder, Federico Sestito, Andre Anthony, Gabriella Baker, John Bassett, Joao Bento, Trystyn Berg, Gregory Burley, Jurek Brzeski, Scott Case, Edward Chapin, Timothy Chin, Eric Chisholm, Vladimir Churilov, Adam Densmore, Ruben Diaz, Jennifer Dunn, Michael Edgar, Tony Farrell, Veronica Firpo, Joeleff Fitzsimmons, Juan Font-Serra, Javier Fuentes, Colin Ganton, Manuel Gomez-Jimenez, Tim Hardy, David Henderson, Alexis Hill, Brian Hoff, Michael Ireland, Venu Kalari, Neal Kelly, Urs Klauser, Yuriy Kondrat, Kathleen Labrie, Sam Lambert, Lance Luvaul, Jon Lawrence, Jordan Lothrop, G. Scott Macdonald, Slavko Mali, Steve Margheim, Richard Mcdermid, Helen Mcgregor, Bryan Miller, Felipe Miranda, Rolf Muller, Jon Nielsen, Ryan Norbury, Oliver Oberdorf, Naveen Pai, Gabriel Perez, Pablo Prado, Ian Price, Carlos Quiroz, Vladimir Reshetov, Gordon Robertson, Roque Ruiz-Carmona, Ricardo Salinas, Kim M. Sebo, Andrew Sheinis, Matthew Shetrone, Keith Shortridge, Katherine Silversides, Karleyne Silva, Chris Simpson, Greg Smith, Kei Szeto, Julia Tims, Eduardo Toro, Cristian Urrutia, Sudharshan Venkatesan, Lewis Waller, Ivan Wevers, Ramunas Wierzbicki, Marc White, Peter Young, Ross Zhelem
Summary: This paper presents the first science results from the GHOST spectrograph and its observations of a benchmark star and stars in the Reticulum II dwarf galaxy. The candidate member GDR3 0928 is confirmed to be a member of Ret ii and exhibits abundance patterns similar to CEMP-no stars in other ultrafaint dwarf galaxies, which are believed to be produced by faint supernovae.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Instruments & Instrumentation
Robert Content, Francisco Prada, Enrique Perez, Carlos Dominguez-Tagle, Manuela Abril, Gabriel Gomez, Kilian Henriquez, Jon Lawrence, Guillermo Gonzalez De Rivera, Ariel Goobar, Jens Hjorth, Angeles Perez Garcia, Adriano Agnello, David Jones
Summary: The Mirror-slicer Array for Astronomical Transients (MAAT) is a new IFU on the OSIRIS spectrograph. It uses the OSIRIS mask cartridge for multi-object spectroscopy and is expected to perform well despite design challenges.
GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY IX
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Instruments & Instrumentation
R. Millan-Gabet, R. A. Bernstein, A. Souza, B. Walls, A. Bouchez, B. Sitarski, A. Szentgyorgyi, S. McMuldroch, D. Fabricant, R. A. S. Ribero, R. Sharp, G. Mace, C. B. Brooks, D. T. Jaffe, J. Lawrence, C. Saavedra, J. Crane, A. Uomoto, L. Close, J. Males
Summary: This article describes the development status of the first-generation science instruments for the Giant Magellan Telescope. The first-generation suite includes infrared and visible light spectrographs, as well as a robotic fiber-feed system. Additional instruments are being developed for high-contrast imaging. These instruments will enable a wide range of scientific research and observations.
GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY IX
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Instruments & Instrumentation
Mahesh Mohanan, Julia Bryant, Rebecca Brown, Scott Croom, Robert Content, Tony Farrell, Michael Goodwin, Joss Bland-Hawthorn, Ellen Houston, Urs Klauser, Jon Lawrence, Helen McGregor, Naveen Pai, David Robertson, Will Saunders, Lew Waller, Ross Zhelem, Jessica Zheng
Summary: Hector is a multi-integral-field-unit instrument for the Anglo-Australian Telescope, providing simultaneous feed to two spectrographs. The Spector spectrograph, with its unique all refractive 2-arm design, delivers fixed resolution and high resolution in the blue end. The mechanical assembly of Spector overcomes tight spacing and tolerance constraints. This paper presents a detail overview of the opto-mechanical component design and specifications of Spector, which was completed and achieved first light in December 2021.
GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY IX
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Barnaby R. M. Norris, Marc-Antoine Martinod, Peter Tuthill, Simon Gross, Nick Cvetojevic, Nemanja Jovanovic, Tiphaine Lagadec, Teresa Klinner-teo, Olivier Guyon, Julien Lozi, Vincent Deo, Sebastien Vievard, Alex Arriola, Thomas Gretzinger, Jon S. Lawrence, Michael J. Withford
Summary: Photonic technologies enable imaging exoplanets and circumstellar structure with extreme contrast ratios by suppressing contaminating starlight. This study presents a new method using outputs from non-science channels of a photonic nulling chip for precise calibration and real-time fringe tracking.
OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY AND IMAGING VIII
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Astronomy & Astrophysics
A. Sanny, S. Gross, L. Labadie, D. Defrere, A. Bigioli, R. Laugier, C. Dandumont, M. Withford
Summary: The Hi-5 instrument is a small-footprint 4-telescope photonic beam combiner that is used to detect and characterize young exoplanets in the mid-infrared L' band. It utilizes nulling interferometry to suppress the strong stellar radiation and enhance the planetary signal. The prototype of this beam combiner was manufactured using ultrafast laser inscription and its properties were measured using a spectro-interferometric lab bench.
OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY AND IMAGING VIII
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Stefan Kraus, Daniel Mortimer, Sorabh Chhabra, Yi Lu, Isabelle Codron, Tyler Gardner, Narsireddy Anugu, John D. Monnier, Jean-Baptiste Le Bouquin, Michael Ireland, Frantz Martinache, Denis Defrere, Marc-Antoine Martinod
Summary: This article presents the science cases and instrument design considerations for the BIFROST instrument, which aims to open a new window for the VLT Interferometer. It discusses how BIFROST can be used to study stellar evolution, detect protoplanets, and probe planetary systems and multiple star systems.
OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY AND IMAGING VIII
(2022)
