Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
M. A. Butt, N. L. Kazanskiy, S. N. Khonina
Summary: In this study, numerical analysis is conducted to investigate the conversion efficiency of mode converters for plasmonic waveguides. The efficient coupling of light to the sub-nano scale waveguide from an external source is a major concern for metal-insulator-metal waveguide devices, which has not been extensively studied before. The proposed dielectric-to-plasmonic and plasmonic-to-dielectric mode converters demonstrate an overall conversion efficiency of approximately -1.6 dB for a 5000 nm long device. Additionally, a MIM waveguide-based sensor with a circular hollow cavity is designed for refractive index sensing applications, exhibiting a sensitivity of 1132.14 nm/RIU and a figure of merit of 48.17 RIU-1. This study is expected to pave the way for highly integrated plasmonic sensors based on MIM waveguides.
Article
Optics
Yedeng Fei, Yin Xu, Yue Dong, Bo Zhang, Yi Ni
Summary: This study proposes a silicon waveguide mode converter based on the phase change material Sb2Se3, achieving efficient mode conversion from input TE0 mode to output TE0, TE1, TE2, and TE1 + TE3 modes. By embedding Sb2Se3 layers in the conversion regions and inducing phase transition, the device achieves high mode conversion efficiency, low mode crosstalk, and small insertion loss.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Simei Mao, Lirong Cheng, Caiyue Zhao, Yinghui Wang, Qian Li, H. Y. Fu
Summary: In this study, a hybrid mode division multiplexer (MDM) based on asymmetric directional couplers (ADCs) is experimentally demonstrated, eliminating the need for transition tapers. The MDM couples five fundamental modes (TE0, TE1, TE2, TM0, and TM1) from access waveguides into the bus waveguide as hybrid modes. To enable arbitrary add-drop to the bus waveguide without transition tapers between cascaded ADCs, a partially etched subwavelength grating is employed to reduce the effective refractive index of the bus waveguide. Experimental results show a working bandwidth of up to 140 nm.
Article
Optics
Christopher J. Sarabalis, Raphael Van Laer, Rishi N. Patel, Yanni D. Dahmani, Wentao Jiang, Felix M. Mayor, Amir H. Safavi-Naeini
Summary: Acousto-optic modulators have long been important tools for controlling light since the advent of lasers. Recent advances in on-chip lithium niobate waveguide technology have opened up new opportunities for these devices. Demonstrating a collinear acousto-optic modulator in a suspended film of lithium niobate with a high-confinement, wavelength-scale waveguide significantly improves the modulator's efficiency.
Article
Optics
Lu Sun, Ruining Zhang
Summary: This study introduces an ultrashort multimode waveguide taper based on all-dielectric metamaterial, achieving expanded spot sizes for four lowest-order TM modes with low intermodal crosstalk values below -15 dB in the wavelength range of 1.5 μm to 1.6 μm, offering potential applications in high-speed communications.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yan Xu, Yang Gao, Songyue Liu, Tingyu Liu, Xiaoqiang Sun, Bo Tang, Peng Zhang, Daming Zhang
Summary: Mode division multiplexing (MDM) is a promising technology for increasing the capacity of optical transmission networks. This study demonstrates a wideband E-00-E-10 silicon mode converter constructed using a Y-branch and cascaded multimode interference coupler. The converter shows high conversion efficiency and low crosstalk in testing, making it suitable for mode multiplexing.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ze Chen, Tianying Lin, Xiaoping Liu, Haibin Lv
Summary: This study presents an ultra-compact broadband in-line mode converter for silicon-on-insulator platform, which achieves high performance through optimization algorithm. The device shows good conversion efficiency and insertion loss within a certain wavelength range, with fabricated device achieving efficiency close to simulated one, providing new insights for designing other high-performance mode converters.
IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Optics
Yin Xu, Luping Liu, Xin Hu, Yue Dong, Bo Zhang, Yi Ni
Summary: This study proposes a scalable silicon-based mode-order conversion scheme that can efficiently convert the mode-order from fundamental TE mode to various higher-order TE modes in a short conversion length. The proposed scheme achieves high mode conversion efficiency, wide working bandwidths, and detailed fabrication tolerances.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hansi Ma, Junbo Yang, Jie Huang, Zhaojian Zhang, Kaiwang Zhang
Summary: This paper numerically theorizes a series of nanophotonic waveguide switches by combining inverse design algorithm with a hybrid silicon-Ge2Sb2Te5 platform. The devices realize switching functionality directly in waveguides without additional design areas, offering convenience and wide application prospects in future nanophotonic networks. Additionally, the tolerances to fabrication errors are also investigated.
RESULTS IN PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ritu Raj Singh, Vishnu Priye
Summary: This paper presents theoretical and numerical mode estimation for silicon nanowire optical rectangular waveguides (SNORWs) used in on-chip communication in photonic integrated circuits. The propagation behavior of electric and magnetic fields is investigated, with the dominant zeroth order mode found inside the nanoslot region of the SNORW. Additionally, the SNORW structure supports a hybrid mode with characteristics of both the rectangular waveguide and the slot waveguide. The results obtained for SNORW are compared with earlier work on slot waveguides and the theoretical equations are compared with finite element method (FEM) results.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Tongbin Yang, Xiaotong Guan, Wenjie Fu, Dun Lu, Xuesong Yuan, Yang Yan
Summary: This paper proposes a new structure for a circular waveguide mode converter and verifies its feasibility through theory, simulation, and experiment. The results from theory, simulation, and experiment are consistent, and the mode converter is easy to prepare, making it an effective alternative for high frequency mode converters.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Tao Jiang, Zili Jiang, Weida Bai, Guang Yang, Zhengfeng Xiong
Summary: This paper proposes an X-band compact efficient rectangular waveguide TE10-circular waveguide TE01 mode converter, and conducts a comprehensive study on its structure design, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and experimental research. The mode converter includes a rectangular waveguide TE10-TE20 mode converter and a rectangular waveguide TE20-circular waveguide TE01 mode converter. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate high conversion efficiency and low reflection coefficient for the TE01 mode at 9.3 GHz.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Changran Hu, An Pan, Tingan Li, Xuanhao Wang, Yuheng Liu, Shiqi Tao, Cheng Zeng, Jinsong Xia
Summary: A highly efficient and polarization-independent edge coupler based on LNOI is demonstrated in this paper, showing low fiber-chip coupling loss of 0.54 dB/0.59 dB per facet at 1550 nm for TE/TM light respectively. The coupler also exhibits a relatively large tolerance for optical misalignment and promising stability in high optical power and temperature variation.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Md. Torikul Islam Badal, Guanghui Ren, James Scott, Ke Wang
Summary: This letter proposes a novel asymmetric adiabatic taper-based device as the mode multiplexer and converter for TE0 and TE1 modes, enabling multiple modes to be transmitted through the same silicon waveguide (WG) to increase the capacity. The device has low insertion loss, high extinction ratio, and compact size.
IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Jiaqi Wang, Xinying Zhang, Yuzhi Chen, Youfu Geng, Yu Du, Xuejin Li
Summary: A graphene-based silicon nitride waveguide-integrated spatial mode modulator has been designed to individually modulate different spatial modes in a multimode waveguide, paving the way for high-density on-chip MDM systems for optical interconnects and on-chip optical networks.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
