Article
Ophthalmology
Liangbo L. Shen, Mengyuan Sun, Aneesha Ahluwalia, Michael M. Park, Benjamin K. Young, Lucian Del Priore
Summary: This study assessed the influence of lesion morphology and location on geographic atrophy (GA) growth rate, finding that eye-specific border expansion rate was associated with local GA progression rates, while GA area growth rate was influenced by factors such as baseline GA area.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jiannan Gao, Maria Antonietta Vincenti, Jesse Frantz, Anthony Clabeau, Xingdu Qiao, Liang Feng, Michael Scalora, Natalia M. Litchinitser
Summary: Experimental demonstration of near-infrared to ultraviolet frequency conversion in an As2S3-based metasurface has opened up new possibilities for chalcogenide glass applications in the UV spectral range, overcoming the limitations posed by material absorption. This study shows that nanostructured chalcogenide glass can efficiently generate third harmonic radiation, providing a strong UV light source at the nanoscale.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jodie Roberts, Kristine Woodward, Adam Kirton, Michael J. Esser
Summary: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a genetic condition that leads to vascular malformations in the brain, spinal cord, and lungs, resulting in neurologic complications. This case highlights the diagnosis of a brain abscess in a previously healthy 3-year-old boy, which was caused by a pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM). Screening for PAVM with contrast-enhanced echocardiogram or enhanced CT of the chest should be considered in patients with cryptogenic brain abscess or recurrent embolic stroke of unknown origin.
Article
Optics
Koichiro Fukano, Takaaki Kudo, Toshiki Yura, Yasuhiro Takaki
Summary: This study introduces a near virtual-image method for a flat-panel light field display using lens and aperture arrays, which increases the viewing zone and reduces aberrations. Compared to other light field displays with aperture arrays, it achieves higher light efficiency.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
T. Jake Liang
Summary: New strategies utilizing nucleic acid technologies are being explored for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, with a pilot clinical study of antisense oligonucleotide treatment demonstrating the potential promise of this approach.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ashish Awasthi, Harshita Katiyar, Sumit Rungta, Amar Deep, Vinod Kumar, Shalimar, Ajay Kumar, Prachi Tiwari, Amit Goel
Summary: This study aims to compare the efficacy of 8-week and 12-week treatment of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir in non-cirrhotic patients with chronic HCV infection. The findings will provide insights into whether a shorter treatment duration can improve treatment compliance, reduce cost, and facilitate public health implementation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Akinori Sato, Ryo Asaoka, Shin Tanaka, Koichi Nagura, Yui Tanaka, Rei Arasaki, Kazuyoshi Okawa, Shohei Kitahata, Kentaro Nakamura, Shouko Ikeda, Tatsuya Inoue, Yasuo Yanagi, Maiko Maruyama-Inoue, Kazuaki Kadonosono
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the utility of red channel fundus imaging in detecting ischemic status in eyes with CRVO. Results showed that red channel imaging had higher sensitivity in detecting ischemia compared to color fundus images, especially in non-rubeotic CRVO eyes.
Article
Physics, Applied
Xinyu Liu, Hao Ning, Jianhang Lv, Lixiang Liu, Li Peng, Feng Tian, Srikrishna Chanakya Bodepudi, Xiaochen Wang, Xiaoxue Cao, Yunfan Dong, Wenzhang Fang, Shaoxiong Wu, Huan Hu, Bin Yu, Yang Xu
Summary: Researchers have developed a high-performance broadband photodetector by combining graphene and silicon absorption bandwidths. This photodetector exhibits high sensitivity and fast response time in multiple spectral ranges. This approach provides a reliable route for the development of high-performance image sensors using graphene and silicon.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jaleh Fallah, Michael H. Brave, Chana Weinstock, Gautam U. Mehta, Diana Bradford, Haley Gittleman, Erik W. Bloomquist, Rosane Charlab, Salaheldin S. Hamed, Claudia P. Miller, Sarah E. Dorff, Wiley A. Chambers, Bronwyn D. Mixter, Jeannette Dinin, William F. Pierce, Tiffany K. Ricks, Shenghui Tang, Martha Donoghue, Richard Pazdur, Laleh Amiri-Kordestani, Amna Ibrahim, Julia A. Beaver
Summary: On August 13, 2021, FDA approved belzutifan for the treatment of certain conditions in patients with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease. The approval was based on the observed overall response rate and duration, as well as the common adverse reactions.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Kun Wei, Baoping Li, Chengshi Gong, Ziran Zhu, Yu Zhang, Menghan Liu, Peiling Ren, Xiaojun Pan, Youqing Wang, Jinyuan Zhou
Summary: A new PEC UV detector structure is introduced in the paper, which solves the UV filtering problem caused by the traditional structure through the design of special electrodes and deposition of barrier layers, achieving good performance.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ammar M. Yusuf, Mukhtar Bizrah, Catey Bunce, James W. Bainbridge
Summary: This study included one RCT on 53 patients with epiretinal membrane, finding that the immediate surgery group had slightly higher visual acuity at 12 months compared to the deferred surgery group. The effects of immediate surgery on visual acuity gains of 0.3 logMAR or more were uncertain, but at 12 months, no participants experienced a loss of visual acuity exceeding 0.3 logMAR.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ning Ding, Jianbing Shao, Changxiang Yan, Junqiang Zhang, Yanfeng Qiao, Yun Pan, Jing Yuan, Youzhi Dong, Bo Yu
Summary: The Cloud and Aerosol Polarization Imaging Detector (CAPI) on the China Carbon Dioxide Observation Satellite (TANSAT) provides multispectral polarization detection and accurate on-orbit calibration. A new cloud detection method based on different threshold tests from near ultraviolet to near infrared (NNDT) has been proposed, leading to improved cloud recognition accuracy by utilizing specific spectral bands and ratios.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Samuel Miralles-Mosquera, Bernardo Alarcos, Alfredo Gardel
Summary: This paper presents the use of a modified conventional camera to capture multispectral images, combined with wavelength filters, capturing angle, and illumination sources, for locating latent forensic traces. By using a multispectral camera and the expertise of forensic professionals, hidden evidences can be made visible, which cannot be detected by the human eye.
Article
Physics, Applied
Jiaxin Cheng, Chao An, Liang Li, Lijie Chen, Yana Cui, Qijie Yan, Yanling Yin, Weichang Zhou, Yuehua Peng, Weike Wang, Dongsheng Tang
Summary: (TaSe4)(2)I nanowires, prepared by the scotch-tape mechanical exfoliation method, exhibit superior optoelectronic properties and excellent performance as near-infrared photodetectors, with a high responsivity of 0.792 A W-1 and an external quantum efficiency of 100.259%. These outstanding properties make (TaSe4)(2)I a highly competitive candidate for high-performance near-infrared photodetectors.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Xiaoli Wu, Zhenzhen Yao, Xin Lai, Yingping Gu, Songxu Peng
Summary: This study investigated the associations between age at treatment initiation and treatment outcomes in children with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The study found that younger age at treatment initiation was associated with higher rates of HBsAg loss and HBeAg clearance.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Zhi-Huan Pang, Meng Liu, Ai-Ping Luo, Yi Xu, Wen-Cheng Xu, Songnian Fu, Zhi-Chao Luo
Summary: We propose a novel mode-dependent gain equalizer using a few-mode chirped fiber Bragg grating (FM-CFBG) to effectively mitigate the mode-dependent gain in an all-fiber 2-mode EDFA. The equalizer based on FM-CFBG offers compact size, low insertion loss, and wavelength scalability, making it meaningful for long-haul MDM transmission.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Yiwei Qiu, Chenliang Ding, Gangyao Zhan, Mengdi Luo, Jisen Wen, Mengbo Tang, Chun Cao, Wenjie Liu, Liang Xu, Bihu Lv, Dazhao Zhu, Cuifang Kuang, Xu Liu
Summary: This article proposes a novel method to simultaneously reduce the axial and lateral feature sizes of PPI-DLW. By employing a pseudo 3D hollow focus, a suspended nanowire with an isotropic 30-nm feature size was realized, thereby improving the capabilities of PPI-DLW for fabricating arbitrary 3D structures.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Manzhuo Wang, Jianbo Yue, Zhentao Yao, Tingyu Liu, Xiaoqiang Sun, Yuanda Wu, Daming Zhang
Summary: A silica waveguide 1×8 thermo-optic switch consisting of cascaded three-stage Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) is successfully demonstrated. The switch utilizes a multimode interference (MMI) coupler in the MMI-MZI 1×2 switch unit for its wavelength insensitivity and favorable fabrication tolerance. The switch design and optimization is based on the beam propagation method (BPM) and implemented using standard CMOS technologies. Experimental results show that the switch meets the requirements for insertion loss and crosstalk at 1550 nm wavelength, and also performs well in a wide wavelength range.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
H. M. de la Cruz, E. D. Hernandez-Campos, E. Ortiz-Ricardo, A. Martinez-Borquez, I. Rosas-Roman, V. Contreras, G. Ramos-Ortiz, B. Mendoza-Santoyo, Cecilia I. Zurita-Lopez, R. Castro-Beltran
Summary: Acoustic levitation is an important contactless manipulation technique in various fields. This study presents an affordable phased-array levitator that can stably trap micrometer dye-doped droplets in the air, enabling the creation of microlasers. The levitated microlasers exhibit comparable optical lasing features to On-a-Chip devices, with a maximum Q-factor of approximately 105 and a minimum lasing threshold of approximately 150 nJ cm-2.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Yuqi Wang, Zilong Zhang, Suyi Zhao, Wei He, Xiaotian Li, Xin Wang, Yuchen Jie, Changming Zhao
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of localized defects in SLM devices on structured light generation and demonstrates the reconstructed light field results under different defect states using CGH loaded onto the DMD. The results show that central defects have minimal influence on the reconstructed light field, while edge defects have a significant impact. This study expands the application scenarios for the generation of structured light beams with SLM.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Ashraf A. A. Beshr, Hossam El-Din Fawzy, Ehab A. A. Eldin, Jong Wan Hu, Fathi A. Abdelmgeed
Summary: This paper introduces the application of digital measuring techniques, specifically Digital Close Range Photogrammetry (DCRP), in the detection of deformation in post-tensioned structural elements (PTSEs). The use of digital equipment and a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) allows for highly accurate monitoring of PTSE camber, with deviations not exceeding 0.01 mm.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Shihao Gou, Danping Huang, Shipeng Liao, Fan Luo, Yang Yuan, Liang Liu, Xiaomei Wen
Summary: This paper proposes an online intelligent detection method for cable pitch defects in the field of optical cable manufacturing. The method utilizes a multi-sensor fusion image acquisition platform and deep learning technology to achieve accurate detection of pitch defects in optical cables.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Tun-Yao Hung, David W. U. Chan, Ching-Wei Peng, Chi-Wai Chow, Hon Ki Tsang
Summary: We present the first experimental demonstration of a high-capacity short-reach optical communication link which utilizes LSTM and DNN to achieve 300 Gbit/s 8-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM8) generated by a single microring modulator. The experimental results show that 300 Gbit/s and 270 Gbit/s PAM8 modulation can be achieved at back-to-back and after 1 km transmission respectively.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Long Zhang, Li Pei, Jianshuai Wang, Jingjing Zheng, Kaihua Hu, Zhiqi Li, Tigang Ning, Jing Li, Li Zhong, Ruisi He
Summary: The amplification of long-haul mode division multiplexing (MDM) transmission systems is currently achieved through three steps, which can result in complexity and degraded transmission performance. To address this issue, this paper proposes an in-line few-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifier (FM-EDFA) based on cladding pumping, which enables simultaneous amplification and transmission in MDM systems. Experimental results demonstrate that the in-line FM-EDFA has excellent performance and shows great potential for practical long-haul transmission systems.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Chong Wang, Miaomiao Li, Jiahao Yang, Bingli Zhu, Jianghao Han, Wenbin Dang
Summary: This paper introduces the design of drive circuits using step recovery diodes and RF bipolar transistors to produce narrow pulse lasers, achieving the reduction of system size, power consumption and cost.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Ziqian Zhang, Liangyu Zhao, Chaorun Si, Yang Tian, Shilin Xu
Summary: A Hastelloy C276 coating was prepared on a martensitic stainless-steel substrate using laser melting deposition, resulting in a coating with high resistance to cavitation erosion. The coating exhibited a thick, progressively changing grain morphology from bottom to top, and the grains grew in a specific angle to the substrate plane. A compositional mixing zone was formed at the interface, forming a stable metallurgical bond. The coating showed a significantly improved hardness and enhanced resistance to cavitation erosion compared to the substrate.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Cui-Hong Li, Chao-Xiong He, Yuan-Yuan Ma, Jin-Chuan Wang, Ying Dong, Shao-Chong Zhu, Xiao-Wen Gao, Hui-Zhu Hu
Summary: In this paper, a non-contact optical measuring method for characterizing nanoparticles using optical tweezers is presented. The method relies on the optical polarization and scattering of nanoparticles, providing insights into both shape and size parameters. Experimental results show that the method can accurately measure the shape and size of nanoparticles, making it an effective tool for identifying and studying individual nanoparticles.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Magdalena Zieba, Cuma Tyszkiewicz, Katarzyna Wojtasik, Krystian Pavlov, Pawel Chaber, Ewa Gondek, Jacek Niziol, Roman Rogozinski, Pawel Kielan, Pawel Karasinski
Summary: This work presents a study on low-loss waveguide layers for planar evanescent wave sensor applications. Crack-free SiOx:TiOy composite layers with refractive indices of approximately 1.65 were fabricated using a sol-gel method and dip-coating technique. The fabricated layers exhibited good waveguide properties and optical homogeneity.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Yali He, Jiao Tang, Zhongyang Li, Yaowu Hu
Summary: In this paper, a lithography-free broadband absorbing metasurface consisting of Ag nanoparticles with ultrafine nanogaps is demonstrated. The experimental results and numerical simulations show that the horizontally compressed Ag nanoparticles possess smaller nanogaps for high sensitivity, uniformity, and stability. The novel substrate also exhibits insensitivity to the incident or observation angle in an ambient environment and has promising practical applications.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Linqing Li, Chengwei Yang, Zhuo Wang, Kun Xiao, Rui Min
Summary: In this study, a stretchable polymer optical fiber with a sandwich structure was proposed for sleep monitoring. The fiber improved the pressure sensitivity of the mattress and enabled the measurement of respiratory rate, heart rate, and body motion information.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)