Review
Veterinary Sciences
Federico Armando, Federico Mazzola, Luca Ferrari, Attilio Corradi
Summary: This review discusses the general concept of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its regulation by various factors. It covers the role of transcription factors, microRNAs, reactive oxygen species, exosomes, microvesicles, and viruses in EMT. The review also examines EMT in embryonic development, fibrosis, and cancer metastasis, including discussions on the tumor microenvironment, pre-metastatic niches, and cancer stem cells. Additionally, it explores the use of EMT as a prognostic marker and provides insights into mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) in sarcomas. Therapeutic approaches for targeting EMT and MET are also addressed.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Samantha Gogola, Michael Rejzer, Hisham F. Bahmad, Wassim Abou-Kheir, Yumna Omarzai, Robert Poppiti
Summary: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide, and treatment options include radiation therapy, surgery, and active surveillance. However, in most cases, the cancer eventually becomes castration-resistant. The transition from androgen-dependent to androgen-independent state is not well understood, but epithelial-to-non-epithelial transition plays a crucial role. This review summarizes the factors and pathways involved in this transition, as well as the diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anastasios Goulioumis, Kostis Gyftopoulos
Summary: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a molecular phenomenon that occurs in epithelial neoplasms, such as laryngeal carcinoma. EMT leads to the loss of epithelial traits and acquisition of mesenchymal traits by tumor cells, enhancing their migratory capacity. EMT is mediated by complex molecular pathways and involves various changes, including loss of adhesion, cytoskeleton remodeling, evasion of apoptosis and immune surveillance, upregulation of metalloproteinases, etc. Partial EMT models have been accepted to explain the cell plasticity associated with invasion and metastasis of tumors.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Charlotte Van den Eynde, Katrien De Clercq, Joris Vriens
Summary: EMT is a tightly regulated process essential for normal development but can also lead to fibrosis and cancer progression. Calcium is a key player in translating molecular messages during EMT, and calcium-permeable ion channels play a significant role in influencing cellular phenotype. TRP channels, as cellular sensors, are important proteins involved in decoding physical and chemical stimuli, making them ideal candidates to study in the context of phenotypic transitions like EMT.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yingying Ma, Songbiao Zhu, Meiqi Yi, Wenhao Zhang, Yuanyuan Xue, Xiaohui Liu, Haiteng Deng
Summary: Protein S-glutathionylation is an important post-translational modification that regulates cellular processes. This study investigated the changes in glutathionylome during epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and found that the glutathionylation level of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) increased, inhibiting its enzymatic activity and promoting EMT.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Constantin Busuioc, Cristina Alexandra Ciocan-Cartita, Cornelia Braicu, Oana Zanoaga, Lajos Raduly, Monica Trif, Mihai-Stefan Muresan, Calin Ionescu, Cristina Stefan, Carmen Crivii, Nadim Al Hajjar, Simona Margarit, Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
Summary: The study utilized bioinformatics approaches to investigate alterations in EMT-related genes in colon adenocarcinoma patients, identifying key gene changes related to prognosis in COAD. These findings may help develop biomarkers for recurrence prediction in COAD patients and improve risk stratification for patients.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Weikang Wang, Dante Poe, Yaxuan Yang, Thomas Hyatt, Jianhua Xing
Summary: This article discusses the fundamental problem of cell phenotype transition and presents experimental investigation on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Through live cell imaging and dynamical systems theory analysis, two possible paths and a potential mechanism are proposed.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Eabha O'Driscoll, Emily Hughes, Mustapha Irnaten, Markus Kuehn, Deborah Wallace, Colm O'Brien
Summary: Optic nerve head cupping, a feature of glaucoma, is associated with extracellular matrix remodeling and lamina cribrosa fibrosis. Peripapillary atrophy is common in glaucoma and involves the loss of retinal pigment epithelium adjacent to the optic nerve head. Under pro-fibrotic conditions, epithelial cells can undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and contribute to extracellular matrix fibrosis. This study investigates the role of this process in glaucoma and peripapillary atrophy, demonstrating the presence of retinal pigment epithelium cells in glaucomatous optic nerve heads and the potential of these cells to differentiate into fibroblast-like cells.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Meredith S. Brown, Kristen E. Muller, Diwakar R. Pattabiraman
Summary: The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reversal, the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET), play critical roles in the metastasis of breast cancer and other solid tumors. However, defining and quantifying EMT status is not commonly used in clinical practice. Therefore, identifying and measuring the presence of different EMT states in tumors is a crucial first step in evaluating patient prognosis.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sara Lovisa
Summary: EMT, a process crucial in wound healing, fibrosis, and cancer, has gained significant attention from researchers since its discovery in the seventies. Despite advances in understanding its functional role, targeting EMT in fibrotic diseases remains a challenge at an early stage of development.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michela Serresi, Sonia Kertalli, Lifei Li, Matthias Jurgen Schmitt, Yuliia Dramaretska, Jikke Wierikx, Danielle Hulsman, Gaetano Gargiulo
Summary: Research has shown that chromatin regulators have a broader impact on EMT interconversion in lung cancer cells than kinases, and the loss of ARID1A, DOT1L, BRD2, and ZMYND8 may have nondeterministic and sometimes opposite consequences. These findings reveal general principles underlying transcriptional control of cancer cell plasticity.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Dong Ik Cha, Jeeyun Lee, Woo Kyoung Jeong, Seung Tae Kim, Jae-Hun Kim, Jung Yong Hong, Won Ki Kang, Kyoung-Mee Kim, Seon Woo Kim, DongilW Choi
Summary: The study developed a predictive model for the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) subtype of gastric cancer using computed tomography (CT) images and known clinicopathologic variables. A nomogram was constructed for individualized estimation of EMT subtype, providing a useful screening tool for personalized medicine.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Baris Kucukkaraduman, Ekin Gokce Cicek, Muhammad Waqas Akbar, Secil Demirkol Canli, Burcak Vural, Ali Osmay Gure
Summary: This study investigated the use of eight natural compounds and two repurposed agents on cancer cells, with curcumin showing the most significant anti-cancer activity across different cell lines. While some natural products induced MET in cancer cells, the MET induction did not necessarily enhance chemosensitivity.
Article
Oncology
Pelin Balcik-Ercin, Laure Cayrefourcq, Rama Soundararajan, Sendurai A. Mani, Catherine Alix-Panabieres
Summary: Metastasis is a complex and not fully understood process in cancer, where circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play a crucial role. CTCs possess a unique ability to transition between epithelial and mesenchymal states, known as epithelial-to-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP), which aids in their metastatic potential. This study focuses on the EMP phenotype of colon CTC lines, showing that these cells have minimal mesenchymal features but exhibit an increase in mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) markers, suggesting a quick reversion to the epithelial state for successful metastasis.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Ayalur Raghu Subbalakshmi, Sarthak Sahoo, Prakruthi Manjunatha, Shaurya Goyal, Vignesh A. Kasiviswanathan, Yeshwanth Mahesh, Soundharya Ramu, Isabelle McMullen, Jason A. A. Somarelli, Mohit Kumar Jolly
Summary: ELF3 is a factor strongly associated with an epithelial phenotype and is inhibited during EMT. It inhibits the progression of EMT and can counteract EMT induction even in the presence of EMT-inducing factors. The prognostic capacity of ELF3 is specific to cell-of-origin or lineage.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)