Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xin Yang, Long Wang, Jing Zeng, Anguo Wu, Mi Qin, Min Wen, Ting Zhang, Wang Chen, Qibing Mei, Dalian Qin, Jing Yang, Yu Jiang, Jianming Wu
Summary: This study demonstrates that CPM may be a promising thrombopoietic agent for treating chemotherapy and radiation-induced thrombocytopenia.
Article
Hematology
Hiroyuki Muranushi, Takero Shindo, Toyofumi F. Chen-Yoshikawa, Akihiko Yoshizawa, Huong Thi Ngo, Fumiaki Gochi, Hiroshi Date, Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
Summary: Bronchiolitis and perivascular inflammation are the main features of pGVHD. Cobimetinib, a MEK inhibitor, improves survival rates and suppresses B-cell and monocyte activation. Dual inhibition of the MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways shows better efficacy in suppressing B-cell activation and improving survival rates in a mouse model. The MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of pGVHD and may represent a potential therapeutic target.
Article
Cell Biology
Shanshan Duan, Loredana Moro, Rui Qu, Daniele Simoneschi, Hyunwoo Cho, Shaowen Jiang, Huiyong Zhao, Qing Chang, Elisa de Stanchina, Arnaldo A. Arbini, Michele Pagano
Summary: FBXO31 acts as a tumor suppressor by promoting the degradation of DUSP6 and inhibiting ERK signaling while activating PI3K-AKT signaling. Deletion of FBXO31 enhances tumor development in prostate cancer models, but treatment with a small molecule inhibitor of DUSP6 can prevent tumor formation by suppressing AKT activation. These findings highlight the importance of the FBXO31-DUSP6 axis in regulating signaling pathways and its potential therapeutic implications in prostate cancer.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wang Chen, Linjie Zhu, Long Wang, Jing Zeng, Min Wen, Xiyan Xu, LiLe Zou, Feihong Huang, Qianqian Huang, Dalian Qin, Qibing Mei, Jing Yang, Qiaozhi Wang, Jianming Wu
Summary: This study found that the aqueous extracts of Cibotii rhizoma (AECRs) can promote megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis through activating the PI3K/AKT, MEK/ERK, and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways, which has the potential to treat radiation-induced thrombocytopenia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Michael Yu-Chih Chen, Bruce Chi-Kang Tsai, Wei-Wen Kuo, Chia-Hua Kuo, Yueh-Min Lin, Dennis Jine-Yuan Hsieh, Pei-Ying Pai, Shih-Chieh Liao, Shang-En Huang, Shin-Da Lee, Chih-Yang Huang
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases in post-menopausal women are increasing. Oxidative stress is the main cause of these diseases. Diosgenin, structurally similar to estrogen, has antioxidant effects and can prevent oxidation-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. It has the potential to be a substitute for estrogen in post-menopausal women.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuan Zhao, Ying Xu, Hongxia Zheng, Na Lin
Summary: This study showed that QingYan Formula has a definite anti-bone loss effect and potential effect on postmenopausal osteoporosis. The mechanism involves the activation of estrogen receptor (ER)-dependent MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt signal pathways in osteoblast, and down-regulation of ER-dependent p-ERK and ER-independent p-Akt in osteoclast.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Chengjian Li, Ying Wang, Chenxi Wu, Jin Zhou, Yanqing Zhou, Yang Jiao, Yamei Li, Liang Zhao
Summary: The study investigated the antitumor activity of Ebracteolatain A (EA) in breast cancer and revealed its mechanism of action. EA inhibited the proliferation and clone formation of breast cancer cells, and arrested cells in the G(0)/G(1) phase. In vivo experiments showed that EA significantly suppressed tumor weight and volume in xenograft nude mice. Furthermore, EA was found to regulate breast cancer by suppressing PKD1 in the MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, indicating its potential as a breast cancer drug candidate.
Article
Cell Biology
Shuyan Han, Zhihua Tian, Huifang Tian, Haibo Han, Jun Zhao, Yanna Jiao, Chunli Wang, Huifeng Hao, Shan Wang, Jialei Fu, Dong Xue, Hong Sun, Pingping Li
Summary: This study examined the role of hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) in gefitinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and identified the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that HDGF overexpression aggravated the malignant phenotype of NSCLC cells, while HDGF knockdown reversed these effects. The overexpression of HDGF also led to gefitinib resistance, while knockdown enhanced gefitinib sensitivity. Higher levels of HDGF in plasma or tumor tissue were associated with gefitinib resistance. HDGF activated the Akt and ERK signaling pathways, independent of EGFR phosphorylation, contributing to gefitinib resistance.
CELL DEATH DISCOVERY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ying Zhao, Haokun Liu, Mingzhen Fan, Yuyang Miao, Xiaoe Zhao, Qing Wei, Baohua Ma
Summary: Estrogen regulates the proliferation of goat mammary epithelial cells through the GPR30, MEK/ERK, and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, providing a theoretical basis for researching estrogen sustained-release drugs promoting breast development and improving lactation performance.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Chikondi Jassi, Wei-Wen Kuo, Yu-Chun Chang, Tso-Fu Wang, Chi-Cheng Li, Tsung-Jung Ho, Dennis Jine-Yuan Hsieh, Chia-Hua Kuo, Ming-Cheng Chen, Chih-Yang Huang
Summary: The combination of Aloin and CPT-11 has been found to have an enhanced anti-tumor effect in colorectal cancer. This combination reduces cell viability and induces apoptosis, while regulating the expression of miRNA-133b, IGF1R, and their downstream pathways. CPT-11 and Aloin show potential as combination treatment partners against colorectal cancer, with miRNA-133b possibly serving as a co-therapeutic target with IGF1R.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenxiu Liu, Hongyan Gou, Xiaohong Wang, Xiaoming Li, Xiaoxu Hu, Hao Su, Shengmian Li, Jun Yu
Summary: The study identified TTPAL as playing a crucial role in gastric cancer, promoting cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and may serve as a prognostic biomarker for GC patients.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aleksandra Derwich, Monika Sykutera, Barbara Brominska, Blazej Rubis, Marek Ruchala, Nadia Sawicka-Gutaj
Summary: Pituitary tumors, while mostly benign, can be aggressive and invasive, resistant to treatment, and prone to recurrence. The underlying mechanisms behind their behavior and metastasis are not fully understood. The RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways are crucial in cell growth and tumorigenesis. This review aims to explore the activation of these pathways in pituitary tumors and their potential as new therapeutic approaches. Thorough research is needed to ascertain their exact functions and mechanisms in the pathogenesis of pituitary adenomas.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhizhu Zhang, Ann Richmond, Chi Yan
Summary: Hyperactivation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK/MEK/ERK signaling pathways is common in various cancers, and targeting these pathways may enhance the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as a strategy to overcome resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Chao Wu, Xing Huang, Mao Li, Zihe Wang, Yi Zhang, Bole Tian
Summary: Evidence suggests that circRNAs may regulate gene expression by binding to miRNAs through miRNA response elements. They are formed by back-splicing and have a closed structure. The biogenesis of circRNAs is regulated by certain cell-specific and/or gene-specific mechanisms, resulting in tissue-specific and tumor-expression specific circRNAs. The stability and tissue specificity of circRNAs may be valuable for early diagnosis and precision medicine. This review summarizes the classification and functions of circRNAs and their role in regulating PI3K/AKT and/or MEK/ERK signaling pathways in digestive tract malignancy tumors.
Article
Oncology
Mikhail S. Chesnokov, Soheila Borhani, Marianna Halasi, Zarema Arbieva, Irum Khan, Andrei L. Gartel
Summary: AKT and FOXM1 form a positive autoregulatory loop in AML cells, maintaining the high activity of oncogenic regulators. Inhibiting this loop can increase sensitivity of AML cells to Bcl-2 inhibitors and overcome venetoclax resistance.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Corina M. Borza, Gema Bolas, Fabian Bock, Xiuqi Zhang, Favour C. Akabogu, Ming-Zhi Zhang, Mark de Caestecker, Min Yang, Haichun Yang, Ethan Lee, Leslie Gewin, Agnes B. Fogo, W. Hayes McDonald, Roy Zent, Ambra Pozzi
Summary: DDR1 plays an important role in both acute and chronic kidney injury by regulating the phosphorylation of BCR and STAT3, affecting the production of MCP-1 and TGF-beta.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Kevin Shee, Samuel L. Washington, Janet E. Cowan, Claire M. de la Calle, Avi S. Baskin, Meera R. Chappidi, Domenique Escobar, Hao G. Nguyen, Matthew R. Cooperberg, Peter R. Carroll
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between low-grade prostate cancer volume and outcomes in men who underwent primary radical prostatectomy. The results showed that tumor volume was associated with upgrading at radical prostatectomy, but not with adverse pathology or recurrence.
JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Claire M. de la Calle, Kevin Shee, Heiko Yang, Peter E. Lonergan, Hao G. Nguyen
Summary: Cancer cells can exploit the endoplasmic reticulum-associated unfolded protein response (UPR) to proliferate in unfavourable conditions, which plays an important role in the development and progression of prostate cancer. Understanding the mechanisms by which cancer cells exploit the UPR can uncover targetable points of vulnerability.
NATURE REVIEWS UROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Kevin Shee, Claire M. de la Calle, Albert J. Chang, Anthony C. Wong, Felix Y. Feng, Alexander R. Gottschalk, Peter R. Carroll, Hao G. Nguyen
Summary: This study evaluated the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of adding enzalutamide to standard androgen deprivation therapy with radiation therapy in high-risk localized or regional, nonmetastatic patients with prostate cancer. The results showed that enzalutamide combination therapy had good tolerability and efficacy in the patients.
ADVANCES IN RADIATION ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Susu Zhang, Jing Wang, Qi Liu, W. Hayes McDonald, Monica L. Bomber, Hillary M. Layden, Jacob Ellis, Scott C. Borinstein, Scott W. Hiebert, Kristy R. Stengel
Summary: Transcriptional control is a dynamic process that is challenging to study using traditional genetic methods. In this study, we used a chemical-genetic approach to quickly degrade the transcriptional activator PAX3-FOXO1 and investigated its mechanism of action. Our findings revealed that PAX3-FOXO1 is involved in regulating gene expression and maintaining chromatin accessibility and enhancer architecture.
Article
Microbiology
Sanjoy Paul, Shivani Ror, W. Hayes McDonald, W. Scott Moye-Rowley
Summary: Azole drugs are important for treating Aspergillus fumigatus infections, and resistance to azole drugs is associated with the transcription factor AtrR. This study identified a new protein, NcaA, which is involved in the regulation of AtrR at specific target gene promoters. Understanding the regulation of AtrR function is important for combating azole resistance in this pathogen.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hyehun Choi, Michael R. Miller, Hong-Ngan Nguyen, Jeffrey C. Rohrbough, Stephen R. Koch, Naoko Boatwright, Michael T. Yarboro, Rajan Sah, W. Hayes McDonald, J. Jeffrey Reese, Ryan J. Stark, Fred S. Lamb
Summary: The LRRC8A volume regulated anion channels can modulate TNFa signaling and vasomotor function. They support extracellular superoxide production and associate with NADPH oxidase 1. Mice lacking LRRC8A in vascular smooth muscle cells show enhanced relaxation and impaired contraction in response to TNFa.
Article
Microbiology
Mark S. McClain, Kaeli N. Bryant, W. Hayes McDonald, Holly M. Scott Algood, Timothy L. Cover
Summary: The Lol system plays a crucial role in exporting lipoproteins to the outer membrane in Gram-negative bacteria. In the human gastric bacterium Helicobacter pylori, the Lol system deviates from the E. coli paradigm. This study identifies a LolD-like protein, HP0179, in H. pylori, providing insights into the lipoprotein localization processes in this bacterium.
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Victor K. F. Wong, Jessica Que, Emily K. Kong, Garen Abedi, Naren Nimmagadda, Anthony S. Emmott, Ryan F. Paterson, Dirk Lange, Colin J. Lundeen, Amihay Nevo, Kevin Shee, Jonathan Moore, Vernon Pais, Roger L. Sur, Seth K. Bechis, Nicole L. Miller, Ryan Hsi, Bodo E. Knudsen, Michael Sourial, Mitchell R. Humphreys, Karen L. Stern, Brian H. Eisner, Ben H. Chew
Summary: This study aims to compare the effects of different-sized residual fragments on patient outcomes after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), including rates of reintervention, complications, stone growth, and passage. The results showed that reintervention rates were significantly higher when residual fragments were larger than 4mm, while passage rates significantly increased when the fragment size was below 2mm.
JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Kevin Chang, Scott A. A. Greenberg, Janet E. E. Cowan, Robert Parker, Kevin Shee, Samuel L. L. Washington, Hao G. G. Nguyen, Katsuto Shinohara, Peter R. R. Carroll, Matthew R. R. Cooperberg
Summary: This study aimed to assess the impact of incorporating imaging findings into T-staging on the performance of a prognostic tool for prostate cancer. The results showed that both digital rectal examination-based staging and imaging-based staging were accurate in predicting the risk of prostate cancer recurrence.
JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Lillian Campos, Sabrina X. Van Ravenstein, Emma J. Vontalge, Briana H. Greer, Darren R. Heintzman, Tamar Kavlashvili, W. Hayes McDonald, Kristie Lindsey Rose, Brandt F. Eichman, James M. Dewar
Summary: Topological stress can cause converging replication forks to stall during termination of vertebrate DNA synthesis. However, replication forks ultimately overcome fork stalling, suggesting that alternative mechanisms of termination exist. Using proteomics in Xenopus egg extracts, researchers found that the helicase RTEL1 and the replisome protein MCM10 play a general role in promoting progression of stalled forks, including when forks stall during termination. They discovered an alternative mechanism of termination involving RTEL1 and MCM10 that can be used to complete DNA synthesis under conditions of topological stress.
Article
Biology
Taylor B. Engdahl, Elad Binshtein, Rebecca L. Brocato, Natalia A. Kuzmina, Lucia M. Principe, Steven A. Kwilas, Robert K. Kim, Nathaniel S. Chapman, Monique S. Porter, Pablo Guardado-Calvo, Felix A. Rey, Laura S. Handal, Summer M. Diaz, Irene A. Zagol-Ikapitte, Minh H. Tran, W. Hayes McDonald, Jens Meiler, Joseph X. Reidy, Andrew Trivette, Alexander Bukreyev, Jay W. Hooper, James E. Crowe
Summary: Hantaviruses are emerging pathogens transmitted to humans by rodents, and there are currently no approved vaccines or therapeutics. Researchers have identified and characterized four neutralizing antibodies, which can inform the development of treatments and vaccines for hantavirus-related diseases.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Kevin Shee, Janet E. Cowan, Ashwin Balakrishnan, Domenique Escobar, Kevin Chang, Samuel L. Washington, Hao G. Nguyen, Katsuto Shinohara, Matthew R. Cooperberg, Peter R. Carroll
Summary: Although the American Urological Association and European Association of Urology do not use the very low-risk (VLR) subcategory for low-risk prostate cancer (PCa), the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) still maintains this classification. However, a study found that the NCCN VLR criteria are less applicable in the era of imaging-targeted prostate biopsies, and the Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment (CAPRA) score may be a better tool for risk stratification in men on active surveillance. The study suggests that the VLR criteria should be reevaluated for its relevance in the modern era.
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Kevin Shee, Janet E. Cowan, Samuel L. Washington, Hao G. Nguyen, Katsuto Shinohara, Peter Carroll, Matthew R. Cooperberg
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Urology & Nephrology
Kevin Shee, Cassandra Belair, John Neuhaus, Janet Cowen, Robert Blelloch, Matthew Cooperberg
JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
(2022)