Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Simon Toupance, Anne-Julie Fattet, Simon N. Thornton, Athanase Benetos, Jean-Louis Gueant, Isabelle Koscinski
Summary: Women's fertility is determined by the pool of ovarian follicles, which is influenced by telomere length and ovarian telomerase activity. Conditions like PCOS and POF may be correlated with differences in telomere length and telomerase activity, impacting fertility. Further research aims to explore stimulating ovarian telomerase to preserve the follicular pool without increasing cancer risk.
Article
Oncology
Li Ding, Zhiping Zhang, Chenhong Zhao, Lei Chen, Zhiqiang Chen, Jie Zhang, Yaxian Liu, Yesen Nie, Yanzhi He, Kai Liao, Xinyue Zhang
Summary: RSL1D1 is a negative regulator of p53 in human CRC cells, promoting cell proliferation and survival. Silencing of RSL1D1 leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner. RSL1D1 enhances p53 ubiquitination and degradation by forming a ternary complex with p53 and HDM2, ultimately reducing p53 protein levels. Additionally, RSL1D1 indirectly decreases p53 protein levels by stabilizing HDM2 mRNA.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Fatemeh Zahra Darvishi, Mostafa Saadat
Summary: This study found that the mRNA levels of hTERT and TERF2 in cells treated with morphine decrease with increasing exposure time, but this alteration is reversible when morphine is removed from the culture medium. Additionally, there was no reduction in the relative expression of hTERT and TERF2 in cells co-treated with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and morphine.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Farbod Taghavi Rad, Bahar Naghavi Gargari, Saied Ghorbian, Zeinab Shirvani Farsani, Rasoul Sharifi
Summary: This study evaluated the ability of CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology to manage melanoma cells. The results showed that the presence of gRNA significantly increased the transfection efficiency and the CRISPR/Cas9 system reduced the expression of the hTERT gene and telomerase presence, thereby inhibiting the growth of melanoma cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Srijata Mukherjee, Gouranga Saha, Neeladri Sekhar Roy, Gitashri Naiya, Mrinal K. Ghosh, Siddhartha Roy
Summary: HDM2 is an important E3 ubiquitin ligase, regulating many proliferation-related pathways and serving as one of the primary regulators of p53. USP7, a deubiquitinase, plays a key role in the regulation of both p53 and HDM2, forming a small regulatory network with them. This network has emerged as an important drug target.
CHEMICAL BIOLOGY & DRUG DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Sophie Bartsch, Kimia Mirzakhani, Laura Neubert, Alexander Stenzel, Marzieh Ehsani, Mohsen Esmaeili, Thanakorn Pungsrinont, Merve Kacal, Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Rasa, Julia Kallenbach, Divya Damodaran, Federico Ribaudo, Marc-Oliver Grimm, Francesco Neri, Aria Baniahmad
Summary: The expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase subunit (hTERT) is hormonally controlled, with androgen treatment suppressing hTERT expression in prostate cancer cells. This inhibition and activation of hTERT by androgens is mediated by androgen receptor (AR) co-repressors ING1 and ING2. This reveals a dual role of AR in controlling hTERT expression during prostate cancer tumorigenesis.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Nirodhi Namika Dasanayaka, Nirmala Dushyanthi Sirisena, Nilakshi Samaranayake
Summary: This study found associations between long-term meditation and telomere length, expression of hTERT and hTR genes, and methylation of the promoter region of hTERT gene. Meditators had longer telomeres, higher expression of hTERT and hTR genes, and lower methylation level of the promoter region of hTERT gene compared to non-meditators. These findings suggest that meditation as a lifestyle practice has multi-level beneficial effects on telomere dynamics, potentially promoting healthy aging.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Neel Parekh, Ashish Garg, Renuka Choudhary, Madhu Gupta, Ginpreet Kaur, Seema Ramniwas, Moyad Shahwan, Hardeep Singh Tuli, Gautam Sethi
Summary: Cancer is a complex disease characterized by uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. Telomerase, an enzyme overexpressed in cancer cells, plays a critical role in cell proliferation and survival. Naturally occurring flavonoids can inhibit telomerase expression through various mechanisms, making them potential therapeutic agents for cancer. Numerous studies support the anti-cancer activity of flavonoids and their ability to deactivate telomerase in different cancer types.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Espen Basmo Ellingsen, Gergana Bounova, Iliana Kerzeli, Irantzu Anzar, Donjete Simnica, Elin Aamdal, Tormod Guren, Trevor Clancy, Artur Mezheyeuski, Else Marit Inderberg, Sara M. Mangsbo, Mascha Binder, Eivind Hovig, Gustav Gaudernack
Summary: This clinical trial evaluated the efficacy of a novel therapeutic cancer vaccine, UV1, in combination with ipilimumab, in patients with metastatic melanoma. It was found that the vaccine-induced T cells had clinical responses, regardless of established predictive biomarkers for checkpoint inhibitor efficacy. The combination of UV1 vaccine and checkpoint inhibitors warrants further investigation.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Michael H. Reutershan, Michelle R. Machacek, Michael D. Altman, Stephane Bogen, Mingmei Cai, Carolyn Cammarano, Dapeng Chen, Matthew Christopher, John Cryan, Pierre Daublain, Xavier Fradera, Prasanthi Geda, Peter Goldenblatt, Armetta D. Hill, Raymond A. Kemper, Victoria Kutilek, Chaomin Li, Michelle Martinez, Mark McCoy, Latha Nair, Weidong Pan, Christopher F. Thompson, Giovanna Scapin, Manami Shizuka, Marianne L. Spatz, Dietrich Steinhuebel, Binyuan Sun, Matthew E. Voss, Xiao Wang, Liping Yang, Tammie C. Yeh, Isabelle Dussault, C. Gary Marshall, B. Wesley Trotter
Summary: Identifying low-dose, low-molecular-weight, drug-like inhibitors of protein-protein interactions is challenging yet important. By leveraging known binding hot spots and biostructural information, researchers successfully optimized a novel purine carboxylic acid-derived inhibitor into a series of low-projected dose inhibitors with favorable pharmacokinetic and physical properties, leading to the discovery of a highly potent, selective, and low-molecular-weight inhibitor suitable for clinical investigation.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Siyu Yan, Song Lin, Kexin Chen, Shanshan Yin, Haoyue Peng, Nanshuo Cai, Wenbin Ma, Zhou Songyang, Yan Huang
Summary: In this study, a compound called SC was found to have a dual function of down-regulating hTERT expression and directly affecting telomerase activity, making it an attractive candidate for anti-tumor therapy.
Article
Ophthalmology
Tiantian Qi, Ruihua Jing, Bo Ma, Conghui Hu, Chan Wen, Yongping Shao, Cheng Pei
Summary: This study reveals that the downregulation of RNF157 contributes to age-related cataract by upregulating p53, suggesting that modulation of RNF157 expression may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for cataracts.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Lingzhi Wang, Yanling Lin, Xiaohan Zhou, Yuting Chen, Xueying Li, Wenxiao Luo, Yingtong Zhou, Longmei Cai
Summary: CYLD inhibits glycolysis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by regulating p53 and FZR1, delaying tumor growth and progression, and serving as a biomarker for poor prognosis.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chenjing Ma, Xian Li, Weifeng Ding, Xin Zhang, Hang Chen, Ying Feng
Summary: In this study, the effects of introducing exogenous hTERT on Periplaneta americana cells were investigated. It was found that hTERT expression promoted cell growth and extended cell lifespan by increasing telomerase activity and elongating telomeres. This suggests that introducing hTERT into insect cells could be an efficient method to establish certain insect cell lines.
Article
Cell Biology
Xiaohua Huang, Bin Wang, Runji Chen, Shuping Zhong, Fenfei Gao, Yanmei Zhang, Yongdong Niu, Congzhu Li, Ganggang Shi
Summary: The study aimed to assess the mechanism of FXR in cervical cancer and found that FXR reduces cell viability, induces apoptosis, and promotes cell cycle arrest. FXR inhibits cervical cancer by upregulating SHP, MDM2, and p53.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biology
Ji-Yoon Lee, Won Kon Kim, Kwang-Hee Bae, Sang Chul Lee, Eun-Woo Lee
Summary: Ferroptosis is a type of iron-dependent regulated necrosis induced by lipid peroxidation in cellular membranes. Polyunsaturated fatty acids associated with specific phospholipids are responsible for ferroptosis-inducing lipid peroxidation. Cells take up essential fatty acids from blood to produce PUFAs, which undergo lipid peroxidation through various pathways tightly regulated by metabolic and signaling pathways.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Park, Mihee Oh, Su Jeong Lee, Kyoung-Jin Oh, Eun-Woo Lee, Sang Chul Lee, Kwang-Hee Bae, Baek Soo Han, Won Kon Kim
Summary: Mitochondria are vital for cell survival and play essential roles in various cellular functions. Dysfunction in mitochondria is associated with multiple diseases and mitochondrial transplantation is considered a promising therapeutic approach in treating mitochondrial disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Hye Seon Lee, Hye-Yeoung Yun, Eun-Woo Lee, Ho-Chul Shin, Seung Jun Kim, Bonsu Ku
Summary: The high-risk genotypes of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are associated with cellular hyperproliferation abnormalities, including cervical cancer. In this study, it was demonstrated for the first time that the PDZ domain of human PTPN4 directly interacts with the PBM of HPV16 E6, providing structural and biochemical evidence for this interaction.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Ara Jo, Jin Hee Bae, Yu Jeong Yoon, Tae Hun Chung, Eun-Woo Lee, Young-Ho Kim, Hea Min Joh, Jin Woong Chung
Summary: This study reveals that plasma-activated medium (PAM) promotes cell death in human lung cancer cells through the induction of ferroptosis. PAM increases intracellular and lipid ROS, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, which can be protected by ROS scavengers and ferroptosis inhibitors.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sang Bae Lee, Luciano Garofano, Aram Ko, Fulvio D'Angelo, Brulinda Frangaj, Danika Sommer, Qiwen Gan, KyeongJin Kim, Timothy Cardozo, Antonio Iavarone, Anna Lasorella
Summary: This study reveals the interaction mechanism between the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) and the tissue-specific transcription factor ID2 during mitosis. It shows that phosphorylation plays a crucial role in regulating the association between ID2 and the core APC, thus affecting post-mitotic transcription.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sinai Kim, Wonhyo Lee, Huiju Jo, Seong-Keun Sonn, Se-Jin Jeong, Seungwoon Seo, Joowon Suh, Jing Jin, Hyae Yon Kweon, Tae Kyeong Kim, Shin Hye Moon, Sejin Jeon, Jong Woo Kim, Yu Ri Kim, Eun-Woo Lee, Hwa Kyoung Shin, Sung Ho Park, Goo Taeg Oh
Summary: This study discovered a novel type of microglia, called stroke-associated microglia (SAM), which is specifically activated in response to stroke-induced brain injury. SAM possesses enhanced antioxidant function and similar markers to disease-associated microglia (DAM). The expression of Peroxiredoxin-1 (Prdx1) is required for the activation and enhanced antioxidant function of SAM.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seung Un Seo, Seon Min Woo, Min Wook Kim, Eun-Woo Lee, Kyoung-jin Min, Taeg Kyu Kwon
Summary: Raptor plays a critical role in mTORC1 signaling. OTUB1 stabilizes Raptor in a non-canonical manner, and the tyrosine 26 residue of OTUB1 is crucial for the interaction between OTUB1 and Raptor. Non-receptor tyrosine kinases induce phosphorylation of OTUB1 at Y26, leading to Raptor stabilization. Dephosphorylation of OTUB1 destabilizes Raptor and sensitizes cancer cells to drugs via mitochondrial dysfunction. Phospho-OTUB1 and Raptor are highly expressed in renal clear carcinoma samples, suggesting that targeting OTUB1 phosphorylation could be an effective therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Aram Ko, Mohammad Hasanain, Young Taek Oh, Fulvio D'Angelo, Danika Sommer, Brulinda Frangaj, Suzanne Tran, Franck Bielle, Bianca Pollo, Rosina Paterra, Karima Mokhtari, Rajesh Kumar Soni, Matthieu Peyre, Marica Eoli, Laura Papi, Michel Kalamarides, Marc Sanson, Antonio Iavarone, Anna Lasorella
Summary: LZTR1 is a substrate-specific adaptor of a CUL3-dependent ubiquitin ligase frequently mutated in cancer. The study identified EGFR and AXL as LZTR1 substrates targeted for degradation, and found that LZTR1 mutations result in the accumulation and deregulated signaling of EGFR and AXL. The study also revealed vulnerabilities of LZTR1-mutant tumors to inhibition of EGFR and AXL, providing precision targeting for patients with LZTR1-mutant cancer.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Da Som Lee, Tae Hyeon An, Hyunmi Kim, Eunsun Jung, Gyeonghun Kim, Seung Yeon Oh, Jun Seok Kim, Hye Jin Chun, Jaeeun Jung, Eun-Woo Lee, Baek-Soo Han, Dai Hoon Han, Yong-Ho Lee, Tae-Su Han, Keun Hur, Chul-Ho Lee, Dae-Soo Kim, Won Kon Kim, Jun Won Park, Seung-Hoi Koo, Je Kyung Seong, Sang Chul Lee, Hail Kim, Kwang-Hee Bae, Kyoung-Jin Oh
Summary: This study found that the expression of TCF7L2 in the liver affects hepatic lipid metabolism, and loss of TCF7L2 in the liver leads to excessive glycogen metabolism, promoting fatty acid accumulation and development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Thus, TCF7L2 could be a potential regulator of NAFLD associated with high-carbohydrate diets and diabetes.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ji-Yoon Lee, Jong Woo Kim, Eun-Woo Lee
NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna Park, Kwang-eun Kim, Isaac Park, Sang Heon Lee, Kun-Young Park, Minkyo Jung, Xiaoxu Li, Maroun Bou Sleiman, Su Jeong Lee, Dae-Soo Kim, Jaehoon Kim, Dae-Sik Lim, Eui-Jeon Woo, Eun Woo Lee, Baek Soo Han, Kyoung-Jin Oh, Sang Chul Lee, Johan Auwerx, Ji Young Mun, Hyun-Woo Rhee, Won Kon Kim, Kwang-Hee Bae, Jae Myoung Suh
Summary: LETMD1 is a mitochondrial matrix protein that is crucial for maintaining respiratory function and thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) upon cold stimulus. Knockout of LETMD1 leads to deficiency in OXPHOS complex proteins and impaired mitochondrial respiration in BAT. BAT-specific Letmd1 deficient mice exhibit the same phenotypes as Letmd1 knockout mice.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Jong Woo Kim, Min-Ju Kim, Tae-Hee Han, Ji-Yoon Lee, Sangok Kim, Hyerin Kim, Kyoung-Jin Oh, Won Kon Kim, Baek-Soo Han, Kwang-Hee Bae, Hyun Seung Ban, Soo Han Bae, Sang Chul Lee, Haeseung Lee, Eun-Woo Lee
Summary: By analyzing genomic and transcriptomic data from human cancer cell lines and tissue samples, we discovered that KEAP1 mutations and NRF2 activation are strongly associated with ferroptosis resistance in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). We also identified AIFM2 as the gene most significantly correlated with ferroptosis resistance, followed by multiple NRF2 targets. Furthermore, we found that simultaneous inhibition of FSP1 and NRF2 induces ferroptosis more intensely.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mihee Oh, Sun Young Kim, Jeong-Su Byun, Seonha Lee, Won-Kon Kim, Kyoung-Jin Oh, Eun-Woo Lee, Kwang-Hee Bae, Sang Chul Lee, Baek-Soo Han
Summary: JAK2 may negatively regulate neuronal differentiation by suppressing the GSK-3 beta/Fyn/CDK5 signaling pathway responsible for morphological maturation in the nervous system.
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Luciano Garofano, Simona Migliozzi, Young Taek Oh, Fulvio D'Angelo, Ryan D. Najac, Aram Ko, Brulinda Frangaj, Francesca Pia Caruso, Kai Yu, Jinzhou Yuan, Wenting Zhao, Anna Luisa Di Stefano, Franck Bielle, Tao Jiang, Peter Sims, Mario L. Suva, Fuchou Tang, Xiao-Dong Su, Michele Ceccarelli, Marc Sanson, Anna Lasorella, Antonio Iavarone
Article
Oncology
Luciano Garofano, Simona Migliozzi, Young Taek Oh, Fulvio D'Angelo, Ryan D. Najac, Aram Ko, Brulinda Frangaj, Francesca Pia Caruso, Kai Yu, Jinzhou Yuan, Wenting Zhao, Anna Luisa Di Stefano, Franck Bielle, Tao Jiang, Peter Sims, Mario L. Suva, Fuchou Tang, Xiao-Dong Su, Michele Ceccarelli, Marc Sanson, Anna Lasorella, Antonio Iavarone
Summary: Garofano et al. classified glioblastomas into subtypes along metabolic and neurodevelopmental axes using single-cell RNA-sequencing data. Mitochondrial GBM showed the most favorable clinical outcome and vulnerability to inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation, while glycolytic/plurimetabolic GBM relied on aerobic glycolysis and other metabolic pathways for energy production. This pathway-based classification can inform survival and precision targeting of cancer metabolism.