Article
Genetics & Heredity
Maridel Fredericksen, Peter S. Fields, Louis Du Pasquier, Virginie S. Ricci, Dieter Ebert
Summary: Identifying genes that confer resistance in a coevolving host-parasite system is important for understanding evolution. By comparing resistant and susceptible hosts, analyzing gene expression data, and performing genetic crosses, this study identifies eight candidate genes that may confer resistance to parasites. This research expands our understanding of resistance loci and provides candidates to be tested in future experiments.
Article
Microbiology
Sviatoslav Rybnikov, Zeev Frenkel, Abraham B. Korol, Tzion Fahima
Summary: The study explores how interactions between parasites and hosts affect the host's recombination mechanisms, showing that in some cases, plastic recombination may be favored, especially in situations of strong selection intensity or high recombination rates in hosts. The prevention strategy is favored more frequently than the remediation strategy in these cases.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Brandon P. Hedrick
Summary: The study reveals significant cranial interspecific variation, sexual size and shape dimorphism, and intraspecific geographic variation in the Artibeus species complex. Each species shows unique size and shape variations, suggesting utilization of different ecological resources. Cranial sexual dimorphism and differences in foraging strategies between males and females may lead to divergent cranial morphotypes.
Article
Biology
Emily R. Ebel, Frans A. Kuypers, Carrie Lin, Dmitri A. Petrov, Elizabeth S. Egan
Summary: The study on 121 healthy donors of African ancestry found that various genes and phenotypes related to red blood cell variation were closely associated with the adaptability of Plasmodium falciparum within red blood cells, indicating globally widespread variations play a role in modulating parasite fitness.
Article
Biology
Mohammad Salahshour
Summary: Salahshour's study demonstrates that heterogeneity can facilitate cooperation and coexistence of cooperators and defectors in different institutes by introducing participation costs as a factor to promote cooperation.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
W. Stewart Grant
Summary: Fishery genetics research has evolved rapidly over the past few decades, with new molecular techniques changing the nature of questions that can be asked and leading to the development of new theoretical models and statistical methods. These advancements have shifted our understanding of natural populations and how to manage them.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Tad A. Dallas, Pedro Jordano
Summary: In this study, the variability in interactor richness across 299 host-helminth networks was examined using a global database of host-helminth interactions. The results showed that a signal of interactor richness conservation was not detected for more than 95% of host and helminth parasite species. Furthermore, a significant taxonomic signal was detected in the divergence of parasite species richness from a null model for host species.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karl P. Phillips, Joanne Cable, Ryan S. Mohammed, Sebastian Chmielewski, Karolina J. Przesmycka, Cock van Oosterhout, Jacek Radwan
Summary: This study investigated the roles of local adaptation and host genetic composition in explaining differences in susceptibility to infection using controlled infection experiments with wild-caught guppies and their ectoparasite Gyrodactylus turnbulli. The study found a significant negative relationship between individual-level functional MHC variability and infection, suggesting that population-level differences in host infection susceptibility probably reflect variation in parasite selective pressure and/or host evolutionary potential. The research also showed that greater values of host population genetic variability metrics broadly aligned with lower population mean infection intensity, with the best alignments associated with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) supertypes.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Min Gon Chung, Yingjie Li, Jianguo Liu
Summary: The global increase in red and processed meat trade has led to a significant rise in diet-related NCDs, with large geographical variations in the burden among countries. Some countries are particularly vulnerable to diet-related NCD incidents and mortality due to large meat imports, while others in Northern and Eastern Europe have seen increased death and disability-adjusted life year rates via meat imports.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yalcin Uyar, Ambra Gentile, Hamza Uyar, Oevuenc Erdeveciler, Hakan Sunay, Veronica Mindrescu, Dino Mujkic, Antonino Bianco
Summary: The nature of sports involves strong competition and inequalities, which can be explained through the Red Queen effect. Factors such as gender differences, technology, and doping influence athletes' chances of winning. Gender differences make it harder for women to increase their visibility and establish themselves as athletes. The introduction of science and technology in sports has led to economic interests and better performance levels. However, teams that cannot afford technological innovations risk being excluded from competitions. Doping creates a Red Queen environment as anti-doping rules only catch a small portion of athletes using performance enhancement drugs.
Review
Ecology
Irene Castaneda, Tim S. Doherty, Patricia A. Fleming, Alyson M. Stobo-Wilson, John C. Z. Woinarski, Thomas M. Newsome
Summary: Understanding the dietary variation of the red fox can help predict its response to future environmental changes. This study compiled data from around the world to assess how the fox's diet varied according to geographic location, climate, anthropogenic impact, and sampling method. The study found that the red fox displays flexible and opportunistic feeding behavior, allowing it to thrive in different habitats and climatic conditions.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wendy C. Turner, Pauline L. Kamath, Henriette van Heerden, Yen-Hua Huang, Zoe R. Barandongo, Spencer A. Bruce, Kyrre Kausrud
Summary: The article discusses the interactions among infectious agent, host and environment in disease outbreaks in host-parasite systems. Environmental context can alter virulence-transmission relationships, while variation in parasite survival affects the evolution of virulence and transmission. Different approaches, such as evolutionary trade-off theory, parasite local adaptation and parasite phylodynamics, consider the role of the environment in virulence and transmission evolution from different angles.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Parasitology
Tiziana P. Gobbin, Maarten P. M. Vanhove, Ole Seehausen, Martine E. Maan
Summary: Heterogeneous exposure to parasites may contribute to host species differentiation. Hosts often harbour multiple parasite species which may interact and thus modify each other's effects on host fitness. Antagonistic or synergistic interactions between parasites may be detectable as niche segregation within hosts.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Anthropology
Peter Hiscock, Kim Sterelny
Summary: The change in Holocene Australia is not due to release from environmental constraint or heightened prosperity, but rather reflects the unfavourable alterations in economic opportunity driven by coevolution with dingos during worsening environmental conditions. The Red Queen model is more capable of explaining the emergence of social interactions, economy, and settlement systems in Holocene Australia, as compared to the concept of Intensification.
JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL ARCHAEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Zhanshan Ma
Summary: Microbes play a significant role in reproductive health, and the exchange of microbes during sexual intercourse is a direct and important mode of transmission between men and women. Through reanalyzing microbial datasets, it was found that microbial transmission between seminal and vaginal fluids is a stochastic, passive diffusion process and the transmission probability is approximately 0.05. This transmission process may contribute to the homogeneity between semen and vaginal microbiomes, facilitating sexual reproduction.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. Betts, C. Gray, M. Zelek, R. C. MacLean, K. C. King
Article
Biology
Victoria L. Pike, Katrina A. Lythgoe, Kayla C. King
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2019)
Article
Biology
Alice K. E. Ekroth, Charlotte Rafaluk-Mohr, Kayla C. King
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2019)
Article
Ecology
Victoria L. Pike, Suzanne A. Ford, Kayla C. King, Charlotte Rafaluk-Mohr
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2019)
Article
Ecology
Anke Kloock, Michael B. Bonsall, Kayla C. King
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2020)
Article
Ecology
Alice K. E. Ekroth, Michael Gerth, Emily J. Stevens, Suzanne A. Ford, Kayla C. King
Summary: The study found that host genotype and genetic diversity have an impact on pathogen evolution, with different host genotypes leading to variations in pathogen virulence, possibly driven by differences in host metal ion acquisition. Diverse host populations selected for the highest levels of pathogen virulence, but infectivity was constrained.
Review
Microbiology
Georgia C. Drew, Emily J. Stevens, Kayla C. King
Summary: The review discusses different types of symbiotic interactions, including neutral, harmful, and beneficial effects, as well as the mechanisms and drivers of these evolutionary transitions. It also emphasizes the importance of understanding the dynamic life of microorganisms and how symbioses can impact the entire ecosystem.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Emily J. Stevens, Kieran A. Bates, Kayla C. King
Summary: The host microbiota plays a dual role in infectious diseases, either protecting host health or facilitating infections and disease progression. Factors such as microbiota metabolites utilization and depletion of host defenses can impact the invasion and infection process of pathogens.
Article
Ecology
Maria Ordovas-Montanes, Gail M. Preston, Kim L. Hoang, Charlotte Rafaluk-Mohr, Kayla C. King
Summary: This study used C. elegans as a model and found a trade-off in host defences against two different pathogen species, which was evident in subsequent generations.
JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Ecology
Tobias E. Hector, Kim L. Hoang, Jingdi Li, Kayla C. King
Summary: Global climate change is causing rising temperatures and increased extreme climatic events, which may determine species persistence through symbioses with microbes. Interactions with beneficial microbes can assist hosts in adapting to warming, while the effects of warming on the ecology and evolution of microbial symbionts remain understudied, but are crucial for understanding the impacts of climate change on host health and disease. We propose a framework to unravel the contributions of symbiosis in predicting host persistence under global change.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Maria Ordovas-Montanes, Gail M. Preston, Georgia C. Drew, Charlotte Rafaluk-Mohr, Kayla C. King
Summary: The study found that host organisms experience a temporary delay in reproduction when exposed to pathogens, but their lifetime fecundity recovers to normal levels. There is genetic variation between host isolates in terms of offspring production and fitness costs. Additionally, maternal pathogen exposure has an impact on offspring population growth.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jingdi Li, Kieran A. Bates, Kim L. Hoang, Tobias E. Hector, Sarah C. L. Knowles, Kayla C. King
Summary: Global climate change has led to more extreme thermal events, and this study found that microbiome diversity and composition change in response to warming and cooling. Host habitat and experimental factors have a greater impact on microbiome diversity and composition than host biological traits. Aquatic organisms, especially in marine habitats, experience a greater depletion in microbiome diversity under cold conditions compared to terrestrial hosts. The findings improve our understanding of the impact of global temperature changes on animal and plant microbiome structures.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biology
T. E. Hector, A. -L M. Gehman, K. C. King
Summary: Global change affects the thermal environment of hosts and parasites, but the relationship between within-host parasite burden and host heat stress tolerance is often weak. This weak link may be explained by the biology of host-parasite systems in hot conditions.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biology
Adam Z. Hasik, Kayla C. King, Hadas Hawlena
Summary: We examine the potential influence of interspecific host competition on the evolution of virulence. Host natural mortality, body mass changes, population density, and community diversity are identified as factors affecting virulence evolution. A conceptual framework is proposed to explain how these factors, which change during host competition, can drive the evolution of virulence through impacts on life-history trade-offs. The complexity of interspecific host competition and virulence evolution requires further investigation to understand contrasting mechanisms. Additionally, different transmission strategies of parasites should be taken into account. A comprehensive approach focusing on interspecific host competition is crucial for understanding the evolution of virulence.
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Charlotte Rafaluk-Mohr, Ben Ashby, Dylan A. Dahan, Kayla C. King