Article
Biology
Ma. Francesca M. Santiago, Kayla C. King, Georgia C. Drew
Summary: Agricultural crops infected with vector-borne pathogens can have varied fitness outcomes for vector hosts, but overall phytopathogens have a neutral effect on their host's fitness. Various transmission strategies and direct or indirect effects of phytopathogens do not result in divergent fitness outcomes for the vector. Our findings highlight the importance of pathosystem-specific approaches for vector control.
Article
Ecology
Yu Uchiumi, Masato Sato, Akira Sasaki
Summary: Mutualism is more vulnerable to co-extinction due to evolutionary causes, compared to parasitism. Additionally, observed evolutionary transitions from mutualism to parasitism are rare.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yijing Shi, David C. Queller, Yuehui Tian, Siyi Zhang, Qingyun Yan, Zhili He, Zhenzhen He, Chenyuan Wu, Cheng Wang, Longfei Shu
Summary: This study explores the complex symbiotic relationships between amoebae and bacteria, highlighting their contributions to predation, symbiosis, pathogenesis, and human health. It emphasizes the ecological and evolutionary significance of understanding these interactions and discusses their implications for human health, gene transfer, water safety, and symbiotic evolution. The study calls for future research to utilize advanced techniques to address research gaps and explore the impacts of amoeba predation on the microbiome.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Evolutionary Biology
Cameron A. Smith, Ben Ashby
Summary: Defensive symbionts in the host microbiome can provide protection from infection or reduce the harms of being infected. However, the consequences of introducing a defensive symbiont for parasite evolution and how the symbiont may coevolve with the parasite have been relatively understudied.
Review
Ecology
Anya E. Vostinar, Katherine G. Skocelas, Alexander Lalejini, Luis Zaman
Summary: Symbiosis, the living together of unlike organisms as symbionts, is common in nature, occurring across all scales of life. Studying the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of symbiosis poses challenges due to long time scales, limited experimental control, weak resolution in quantifying interactions, and idiosyncrasies of model systems. Digital evolution, however, offers opportunities with perfect data tracking, experimental manipulations, and the ability to observe thousands of generations in minutes, making it a key technique in studying symbioses.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Review
Ecology
Alexander Hayward, Robert Poulin, Shinichi Nakagawa
Summary: Symbioses play a significant role in biological influence, with particular relevance for disease, evolutionary transitions, and ecological communities. The extent to which symbiont phylogenies mirror those of their hosts reveals insights into evolutionary processes. Vertical transmission and mutualism are key factors promoting closer ties between hosts and symbionts, with symbiont phylogeny broadly reflecting host phylogeny across biodiversity and life history.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Changhee Yoon, Seungyeon Moon, Heesang Lee
Summary: This study expands our understanding of symbiotic relationships in business ecosystems, finding that relationships transition as participants' dynamics change. Additionally, keystone species play a significant role in business ecosystems by strategically managing their relationships with symbionts, contributing to the success of the ecosystem.
Review
Ecology
Christopher A. Bell, Emily Magkourilou, Peter E. Urwin, Katie J. Field
Summary: Plants interact with multiple above- and below-ground organisms simultaneously, with their symbiotic relationships ranging from mutualism to parasitism. Competition between different symbionts for host plant resources may heavily influence resource allocation, highlighting the need for a more holistic understanding of below-ground interactions. By applying isotope tracing and nutrient budgeting methods, as well as conducting experiments involving multiple plant hosts connected by common mycelial networks, it may be possible to reveal the impact of competing symbionts on carbon and nutrient flows at ecologically important scales.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mengyi Cao, Hillel T. Schwartz, Chieh-Hsiang Tan, Paul W. Sternberg
Summary: Entomopathogenic nematodes, such as Heterorhabditis and Steinernema, have mutualistic symbiosis with bacteria and parasitize insects. Steinernema hermaphroditum strain CS34 was optimized for in vitro growth and cryopreservation. Mutagenesis screens revealed genetic mechanisms of self-fertilization and chromosomally determined sex in this species. Future studies can utilize this EPN model for research on mutualistic symbiosis and insect parasitism.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Antar Mijail Perez-Botello, Nuno Simoes
Summary: A study compiled a dataset of species interactions between coral reef marine sponges and their associated fauna, including various species and interactions. By gathering information from available literature, the dataset was created to provide a comprehensive overview of the relationships between different animals and species.
BIODIVERSITY DATA JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Andrew Furness
Summary: An unexpected interaction between the introduced fish species Poecilia latipinna and humans was observed in Lake Vouliagmeni, Greece, where the fish approached and grazed on the skin of bathing humans. This phenomenon is likely a product of multiple contingencies and unique ecological circumstances.
ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Sushmita Sharma, Apu Kumar Saha, Arindam Majumder, Sukanta Nama
Summary: A novel hybrid BOA algorithm, MPBOA, is proposed in this paper, combining the exploration and exploitation characteristics of BOA with mutualism and parasitism phases of the SOS algorithm. The algorithm shows satisfactory performance in terms of search behavior and convergence time on twenty-five benchmark functions.
MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Thomas J. Travers Cook, Christina Skirgaila, Oliver Y. Martin, Claudia C. Buser
Summary: The presence of both M and L-A viruses in S. cerevisiae correspond with a higher sporulation efficiency. The removal of the M virus did not reduce sporulation frequency, suggesting the continued utilization of host resources by the L-A virus.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Lukasz Depa, Kari Vepsalainen, Tomasz Rutkowski, Wojciech Czechowski
Summary: Underground ants, such as Lasius (Chthonolasius) umbratus, have a mutualistic relationship with Stomaphis aphids, providing care and protection. Unlike ants that prey on or exploit aphids, these ants exhibit protective behavior. However, the coexistence of underground ants and Stomaphis aphids has been rarely reported, likely due to the cryptic lifestyle of the ants.
POLISH JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Guolin C. Li, Hans Lambers, Stavros D. Veresoglou
Summary: This article mainly introduces the global distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and points out that most of the research has been conducted in temperate and boreal habitats, with relatively less focus on subtropical regions. The authors argue for the development of region-specific hypotheses and discuss the potential differences in mycorrhizal functioning between subtropical regions and better-studied temperate and boreal areas. They provide five geographically-focused hypotheses using the subtropical region of China as an example. Expanding the range of hypotheses in mycorrhizal ecology to describe understudied regions can have multifaceted benefits to both science and society.
Article
Ecology
Weizhe Weng, Kevin J. Boyle, Kaitlin J. Farrell, Cayelan C. Carey, Kelly M. Cobourn, Hilary A. Dugan, Paul C. Hanson, Nicole K. Ward, Kathleen C. Weathers
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2020)
Review
Ecology
Samuel Silknetter, Robert P. Creed, Bryan L. Brown, Emmanuel A. Frimpong, James Skelton, Brandon K. Peoples
FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Ecology
Kaitlin J. Farrell, Nicole K. Ward, Arianna Krinos, Paul C. Hanson, Vahid Daneshmand, Renato J. Figueiredo, Cayelan C. Carey
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
(2020)
Article
Ecology
Robert P. Creed, James Skelton, Kaitlin J. Farrell, Bryan L. Brown
Summary: This study demonstrates the strong effects of a mutualism between crayfish and ectosymbiotic worms on freshwater communities, altering both community structure and sediment deposition. The findings suggest that similar impacts may occur in other waterways, highlighting the importance of mutualisms involving keystone species in freshwater ecosystems worldwide.
Article
Ecology
Cayelan C. Carey, Kaitlin J. Farrell, Alexandria G. Hounshell, Kristin O'Connell
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2020)
Article
Ecology
Vahid Sepahvand, Bryan L. Brown, Ali Gholamifard
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2020)
Article
Ecology
Bryan L. Brown, Jacob N. Barney
Summary: Invasion biology has combined both basic science and its application, and must continue to adopt new frameworks and paradigms to progress. The development of metacommunity theory, emphasizing multi-scale processes, has made significant contributions to invasion biology. The theory, focusing on dispersal dynamics and community structure, addresses key issues in invasion biology and can provide tools for control and management of invasive species.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Kaitlin J. Farrell, Kathleen C. Weathers, Sarah H. Sparks, Jennifer A. Brentrup, Cayelan C. Carey, Michael C. Dietze, John R. Foster, Kristine L. Grayson, Jaclyn H. Matthes, Michael D. SanClements
Summary: Macrosystems science research involves interdisciplinary and large team collaboration, requiring researchers to have both technical and interpersonal skills. Survey results show a mismatch between the skills perceived as important and the actual training received, particularly in interpersonal and management skills. Lessons learned from macrosystems training case studies provide insights for improving undergraduate and graduate education, as well as other training opportunities for scientists involved in diverse, collaborative projects.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Christopher J. Patrick, Kurt E. Anderson, Brown L. Brown, Charles P. Hawkins, Anya Metcalfe, Parsa Saffarinia, Tadeu Siqueira, Christopher M. Swan, Jonathan D. Tonkin, Lester L. Yuan
Summary: This article discusses how to use metacommunity theory to guide management practices in river ecosystems, proposing specific recommendations on how local niche sorting and dispersal processes can influence management intervention outcomes. The focus is on developing guidelines for assessing the metacommunity context of a site or region, and incorporating that understanding into the planning process and methods used.
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-WATER
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Robert P. Creed, Gretchen L. Bailey, James Skelton, Bryan L. Brown
Summary: The dilution effect describes the negative impact of increased host diversity on parasite or pathogen abundance. This effect can occur in many mutualisms if dispersing symbionts encounter noncompetent hosts. The introduction of non-native crayfish may disrupt native crayfish-symbiont systems, leading to a decline in native symbiont abundance.
RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Robert P. Creed, Bryan L. Brown, James Skelton
Summary: Symbionts, including parasites, pathogens, and mutualists, play important roles in determining the success of host invasions. While much research has focused on how invading hosts benefit from enemy losses or mutualist gains, less attention has been given to how native symbionts respond to invasion by non-indigenous hosts and symbionts. Understanding how native symbionts interact with invading hosts and various invading symbionts is critical for understanding invasion success, its consequences for invaded communities, and the fate of native symbionts in the face of invasion.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Alexandria G. Hounshell, Kaitlin J. Farrell, Cayelan C. Carey
Summary: Ecologists are using macrosystems approaches to understand population, community, and ecosystem dynamics. Integrating macrosystems skills into curricula is necessary to train future environmental biologists. The Macrosystems EDDIE program developed teaching modules that improve students' understanding and application of macrosystems ecology.
EDUCATION SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Limnology
Dustin W. Kincaid, Whitney S. Beck, Jessica E. Brandt, Margaret Mars Brisbin, Kaitlin J. Farrell, Kelly L. Hondula, Erin I. Larson, Arial J. Shogren
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
V. Reilly Henson, Kelly M. Cobourn, Kathleen C. Weathers, Cayelan C. Carey, Kaitlin J. Farrell, Jennifer L. Klug, Michael G. Sorice, Nicole K. Ward, Weizhe Weng
SOCIAL SCIENCES-BASEL
(2020)