Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Dirk Barbi, Nadine Wieters, Paul Gierz, Miguel Andres-Martinez, Deniz Ural, Fatemeh Chegini, Sara Khosravi, Luisa Cristini
Summary: Earth system and climate modelling involve simulating processes on various scales and compartments, with coupling setups posing challenges. To simplify and enhance usability, ESM-Tools software offers a standardized method for downloading, configuring, compiling, running, and monitoring different models on diverse HPC systems.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
D. Konig, T. M. Conway, M. J. Ellwood, W. B. Homoky, A. Tagliabue
Summary: Iron isotopes in the ocean are crucial in studying the iron cycle, but the complexity of various external sources and fractionation processes can complicate the interpretation of observations. By incorporating iron isotopes into a global ocean biogeochemical model, research finds that distinct external source endmembers and isotopic fractionation are essential for explaining the distribution of dissolved iron isotopes, with the water column's δFe-56(diss) distribution influenced by regional imbalance of remineralization and abiotic removal processes.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christoph Heinze, Thorsten Blenckner, Helena Martins, Dagmara Rusiecka, Ralf Doscher, Marion Gehlen, Nicolas Gruber, Elisabeth Holland, Oystein Hov, Fortunat Joos, John Brian Robin Matthews, Rolf Rodven, Simon Wilson
Summary: Anthropogenic climate change has profound effects on ocean environmental conditions, impacting marine ecosystems in ways that may be difficult to reverse. Identifying, monitoring, and preventing these changes, including tipping points, is an ongoing research effort that requires feasible mitigation strategies based on research. Addressing high-probability high-impact ocean tipping points in combination with gradual changes is crucial to prevent compounding negative impacts on society and the Earth system.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Rene M. Boiteau, Daniel J. Repeta
Summary: This study presents a method for determining the dissociation rate constants (k(d)) of iron ligands in seawater and finds that seawater salts accelerate the dissociation of these ligands.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Patrick Orenstein, Baylor Fox-Kemper, Leah Johnson, Qing Li, Aakash Sane
Summary: Empirically generated indices are used to evaluate the skill of a global climate model in representing the monsoon intraseasonal oscillation (MISO). The study finds that a model version including both Langmuir turbulence and submesoscale restratification parameterizations provides the most accurate simulations of the time scale of MISO events.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Riley X. Brady, Mathew E. Maltrud, Phillip J. Wolfram, Henri F. Drake, Nicole S. Lovenduski
Summary: This study used a high-resolution ocean model simulation to show that Southern Ocean bathymetry plays a key role in bringing carbon-rich deep waters to the surface. The results indicate that 71% of carbon-enriched water upwelling across 1,000 m is concentrated near topographic features, and once upwelled to the near-surface layer, they exhibit relatively uniform pCO2 levels and DIC decorrelation timescales.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alan Condron, Jenna C. Hill
Summary: High-resolution seafloor mapping reveals evidence of massive icebergs drifting south along the eastern United States, with sediment core analysis and numerical modeling providing insights into iceberg transport mechanisms and past climate changes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Cara C. M. Manning, Zhiyin Zheng, Lindsay Fenwick, Ross D. McCulloch, Ellen Damm, Robert W. Izett, William J. Williams, Sarah Zimmermann, Svein Vagle, Philippe D. Tortell
Summary: The North American Arctic Ocean has a negligible impact on global methane and nitrous oxide budgets, with sediments and water column consumption being significant sources of methane in the region. Rivers do not play a significant role in methane and nitrous oxide concentrations in the Arctic Ocean.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
D. Konig, T. M. Conway, D. S. Hamilton, A. Tagliabue
Summary: This study uses a global ocean biogeochemical model with active Fe isotope cycling to investigate the impact of anthropogenic Fe sources on surface ocean dFe and δFe-56(diss). The results show that the response of dFe, δFe-56(diss), and primary productivity is variable and regulated by the biogeochemical regime, rather than following the footprint of atmospheric deposition. The study also finds that while δFe-56(diss) can trace anthropogenic input, its response is attenuated by fractionation during phytoplankton uptake, but amplified by other isotopically-light Fe sources.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Craig J. Dedman, Samuel Barton, Marjorie Fournier, Rosalind E. M. Rickaby
Summary: Marine cyanobacteria, major contributors to the oceanic carbon sink, undergo significant proteomic alterations in major nutrient metabolism pathways in response to temperature changes. As seawater temperatures rise, the composition and nutrient demands of cyanobacteria are likely to be altered, impacting their contribution to oceanic biogeochemical cycling.
ALGAL RESEARCH-BIOMASS BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amber M. Holdsworth, Li Zhai, Youyu Lu, James R. Christian
Summary: Model projections of ocean circulation and biogeochemistry reveal the importance of high-frequency wind variability in freshwater distribution along the continental shelf of the Canadian Pacific Coast.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gerd Krahmann, Damian L. Arevalo-Martinez, Andrew W. Dale, Marcus Dengler, Anja Engel, Nicolaas Glock, Patricia Grasse, Johannes Hahn, Helena Hauss, Mark J. Hopwood, Rainer Kiko, Alexandra N. Loginova, Carolin R. Loescher, Marie Massmig, Alexandra-Sophie Roy, Renato Salvatteci, Stefan Sommer, Toste Tanhua, Hela Mehrtens
Summary: Funded by the German Research Foundation, the research project 'SFB 754, Climate - Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean' aimed to investigate climate-biogeochemistry interactions in the tropical ocean, with a focus on oxygen distribution processes. Over three 4-year funding phases, a consortium of over 150 scientists conducted 34 major research cruises, collecting extensive physical, biological, chemical, and meteorological data, with an agreed common data policy ensuring openness in data publication.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Brandy M. Toner
Summary: A revised conceptual model of iron forms in the ocean resolves discrepancies between observed and simulated levels of dissolved iron in seawater, potentially contributing to climate predictions.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jerome Nriagu
Summary: The 1963 discovery of lead contamination in the vast oceans from car exhausts led to debate and policy changes, greatly benefiting public health and revolutionizing marine biogeochemistry practices.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Pearse James Buchanan, Alessandro Tagliabue
Summary: Ocean deoxygenation is a growing concern for marine ecosystems, influenced by human activities. Changes in oxygen concentrations are affected by both oxygen supply and demand, with biogeochemical processes shaping oxygen demand in certain regions while ventilation changes dominate in others. Improved understanding and representation of these processes in Earth System Models is crucial for accurate projections of ecosystem risk and vulnerability.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Melody Biette, Vincent Jomelli, Marie Chenet, Regis Braucher, Laurie Menviel, Didier Swingedouw, Vincent Rinterknecht
Summary: This study presents Be-10 cosmic-ray exposure ages of mountain glacier moraines in southeastern and southern Greenland, documenting glacier fluctuations during the Late Holocene for the first time in these areas. The research reveals multiple glacier advances during the Late Holocene, with common timing of the largest glacier expansion. The study suggests the significant glacial advance at around 3 ka in southern and southeastern Greenland could be attributed to a combination of stronger East Greenland Current, weaker Irminger Current, and increased sea-ice concentration during the Late Holocene.
Article
Oceanography
Nils Hutter, Amelie Bouchat, Frederic Dupont, Dmitry Dukhovskoy, Nikolay Koldunov, Younjoo J. Lee, Jean-Francois Lemieux, Camille Lique, Martin Losch, Wieslaw Maslowski, Paul G. Myers, Einar Olason, Pierre Rampal, Till Rasmussen, Claude Talandier, Bruno Tremblay, Qiang Wang
Summary: Simulating sea ice drift and deformation in the Arctic Ocean remains a challenge due to the complex interaction of sea ice floes. The Sea Ice Rheology Experiment aims to evaluate different modeling approaches, with simulations showing varying levels of accuracy in replicating linear kinematic features. Higher resolution simulations have a significant impact on air-ice-ocean interaction processes.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Lekshmi Mudra, T. P. Sabin, R. Krishnan, Francesco S. R. Pausata, Olivier Marti, Pascale Braconnot
Summary: The summer monsoons in the Northern Hemisphere were stronger during the mid-Holocene, resulting in a northward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) over Africa, India, and East Asia compared to the pre-industrial climate. This study shows that orbital forcing and ocean surface conditions played a significant role in intensifying the monsoons and shifting the ITCZ. The combined impact of orbital forcing and sea surface temperature (SST) led to significant changes in monsoon rainfall and the position of the ITCZ.
Correction
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Fabrizio Falasca, Julien Cretat, Annalisa Bracco, Pascale Braconnot, Olivier Marti
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Giovanni Sgubin, Didier Swingedouw, Juliette Mignot, Gregory Alan Gambetta, Benjamin Bois, Harilaos Loukos, Thomas Noel, Philippe Pieri, Inaki Garcia de Cortazar-Atauri, Nathalie Ollat, Cornelis van Leeuwen
Summary: Evaluating the potential climatic suitability for premium wine production is crucial for adaptation planning in Europe. This study analyzes the future evolution of wine production in Europe under different global warming scenarios. The results suggest that the level of global warming largely determines the distribution of future wine regions, and adaptation measures become more challenging as global warming increases.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Zhiyi Jiang, Chris M. Brierley, Juergen Bader, Pascale Braconnot, Michael Erb, Peter O. Hopcroft, Dabang Jiang, Johann Jungclaus, Vyacheslav Khon, Gerrit Lohmann, Olivier Marti, Matthew B. Osman, Bette Otto-Bliesner, Birgit Schneider, Xiaoxu Shi, David J. R. Thornalley, Zhiping Tian, Qiong Zhang
Summary: There is no consistent trend in the overall strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) during the mid-to-late Holocene, according to multiple climate models and proxy reconstructions.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Isma Abdelkader Di Carlo, Pascale Braconnot, Matthieu Carre, Mary Elliot, Olivier Marti
Summary: By studying simulations and modern observations spanning the last 6,000 years, we have identified an increasing trend in El Nino variability over the past 6,000 years, with spreading towards the west and east tropical Pacific. Standardizing the definition of El Nino is necessary for meaningful comparisons and robust climate variability analysis.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Paul-Arthur Monerie, Michela Biasutti, Juliette Mignot, Elsa Mohino, Benjamin Pohl, Giuseppe Zappa
Summary: Future changes in Sahel precipitation are uncertain due to differences in projections from different climate models. This study identifies the driving factors behind these uncertainties and constructs possible scenarios based on changes in North Atlantic and Euro-Mediterranean temperatures. The results show that the uncertainties in Sahel precipitation can be attributed to the future warming of these regions. It is crucial to constrain the uncertainty in the warming of the North Atlantic and Euro-Mediterranean areas in order to reduce the uncertainty in Sahel precipitation.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Sarah Berthet, Julien Jouanno, Roland Seferian, Marion Gehlen, William Llovel
Summary: The phytoplankton-light feedback (PLF) is the interaction between phytoplankton and light in the ocean. Only a third of Earth system models include a complete representation of the PLF. The consequences of an incomplete representation of the PLF on biogeochemical state and future projection remain uncertain.
EARTH SYSTEM DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Alban Planchat, Lester Kwiatkowski, Laurent Bopp, Olivier Torres, James R. Christian, Momme Butenschoen, Tomas Lovato, Roland Seferian, Matthew A. Chamberlain, Olivier Aumont, Michio Watanabe, Akitomo Yamamoto, Andrew Yool, Tatiana Ilyina, Hiroyuki Tsujino, Kristen M. Krumhardt, Jorg Schwinger, Jerry Tjiputra, John P. Dunne, Charles Stock
Summary: Ocean alkalinity plays a critical role in carbon uptake and buffering against acidification. However, the representation of alkalinity and the calcium carbonate cycle in Earth system models have been frequently overlooked. The transition from CMIP5 to CMIP6 shows improvements in alkalinity representation, likely due to model tuning or parameterizations.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yangxin Chen, Duoying Ji, Qian Zhang, John C. Moore, Olivier Boucher, Andy Jones, Thibaut Lurton, Michael J. Mills, Ulrike Niemeier, Roland Seferian, Simone Tilmes
Summary: The northern-high-latitude permafrost contains a significant amount of carbon and is considered a non-linear and tipping element in the earth's climate system. Solar geoengineering can mitigate temperature rise and reduce climate impacts, potentially moderating permafrost thaw. However, it cannot fully restore permafrost states from high-emission levels to moderate-mitigation levels.
EARTH SYSTEM DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Doug M. M. Smith, Nathan P. P. Gillett, Isla R. R. Simpson, Panos J. J. Athanasiadis, Johanna Baehr, Ingo Bethke, Tarkan A. A. Bilge, Remy Bonnet, Olivier Boucher, Kirsten L. L. Findell, Guillaume Gastineau, Silvio Gualdi, Leon Hermanson, L. Ruby Leung, Juliette Mignot, Wolfgang A. A. Mueller, Scott Osprey, Odd Helge Ottera, Geeta G. G. Persad, Adam A. A. Scaife, Gavin A. A. Schmidt, Hideo Shiogama, Rowan T. T. Sutton, Didier Swingedouw, Shuting Yang, Tianjun Zhou, Tilo Ziehn
Summary: Multi-annual to decadal changes in climate are accompanied by changes in extreme events, which have major impacts on society and pose severe challenges for adaptation. Operational decadal predictions offer the potential for early warnings of these changes. However, understanding the causes of regional climate changes on these timescales is crucial for attributing recent events and increasing confidence in forecasts. The Large Ensemble Single Forcing Model Intercomparison Project aims to address this need through coordinated model experiments and an attribution approach that accounts for model errors.
FRONTIERS IN CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Charles D. Koven, Vivek K. Arora, Patricia Cadule, Rosie A. Fisher, Chris D. Jones, David M. Lawrence, Jared Lewis, Keith Lindsay, Sabine Mathesius, Malte Meinshausen, Michael Mills, Zebedee Nicholls, Benjamin M. Sanderson, Roland Seferian, Neil C. Swart, William R. Wieder, Kirsten Zickfeld
Summary: This study explores the dynamics of Earth's climate and carbon cycles beyond the 21st century using various models. The results show that the terrestrial system switches from carbon sink to neutral or source, while the ocean carbon system remains a sink in the high-emissions scenario and becomes a source in the overshoot scenario. The global mean temperature anomaly is proportional to cumulative carbon emissions, with some deviation under the overshoot scenario. Land models show inconsistencies in carbon cycle feedbacks and geographic patterns, and lagged physical climate dynamics can cause continued warming even after CO2 concentrations stabilize. These findings highlight the importance of considering surprises in the climate system when setting global climate policy.
EARTH SYSTEM DYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Simone Tilmes, Daniele Visioni, Andy Jones, James Haywood, Roland Seferian, Pierre Nabat, Olivier Boucher, Ewa Monica Bednarz, Ulrike Niemeier
Summary: This study assesses the impacts of stratospheric aerosol intervention (SAI) and solar dimming on stratospheric ozone and identifies differences in their effects. These differences are partly attributed to variations and limitations in aerosol microphysics, chemistry, and ozone photolysis in the models.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)