Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Peng Jia, Shaoqing Dai, Kristen E. Rohli, Robert Rohli, Yanan Ma, Chao Yu, Xiongfeng Pan, Weiqi Zhou
Summary: This study found associations between natural environmental factors such as temperature and altitude with childhood obesity. More longitudinal studies should be designed to confirm these effects and explore the potential health effects of more natural environmental factors.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Lara Gomes Suhett, Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff, Bruna Clemente Cota, Sarah Aparecida Vieira Ribeiro, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hebert, Sylvia do Carmo Castro Franceschini, Juliana Farias de Novaes
Summary: The study analyzed the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) or the children's C-DII and cardiometabolic risk and inflammatory biomarkers in children and adolescents. All papers found a positive association, indicating that a proinflammatory diet is linked to a higher risk of early development of cardiometabolic and inflammatory changes during childhood.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yan Xue, Huimin Zou, Zhen Ruan, Xianwen Chen, Yunfeng Lai, Dongning Yao, Carolina Oi Lam Ung, Hao Hu
Summary: This study investigates the pharmacoeconomic evaluation of anti-obesity drugs (AODs) through a systematic review, focusing on methodological considerations. The majority of economic assessments are still about Orlistat, with emerging evidence on the cost-effectiveness of the newest GLP 1 RA approved for obesity. The decision models used in the studies on the newly approved drug have a similar structure, facilitating in-depth comparisons and generalizations of findings.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Zara Khizer, Amina Sadia, Raman Sharma, Samia Farhaj, Jorabar Singh Nirwan, Pratibha G. Kakadia, Talib Hussain, Abid Mehmood Yousaf, Yasser Shahzad, Barbara R. Conway, Muhammad Usman Ghori
Summary: Overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) is a condition that severely affects quality of life, and drug delivery strategies for managing OAB include various routes such as transdermal, intravesicular, oral, vaginal, and intramuscular, with transdermal route showing marked potential. This review aims to help pharmaceutical scientists understand existing literature and challenges in order to design novel drug delivery systems for OAB management.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Megan O. O. Bensignor, Aaron S. S. Kelly, Silva Arslanian
Summary: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in adolescents is a rapidly progressive disease with higher rates of microvascular complications compared to adults. Anti-obesity medications (AOMs) are recommended as adjuvant therapy for adults with T2DM and overweight/obesity, but their use in adolescents is not clearly mentioned in the updated guidelines. However, there are three FDA-approved AOMs available for chronic use in adolescents with obesity, and more options are being developed. Adding AOMs to diabetes regimen in adults can improve glycemic control, reduce weight, and decrease anti-diabetes medication use.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Ali Ali Redha, Simone Perna, Antonella Riva, Giovanna Petrangolini, Gabriella Peroni, Mara Nichetti, Giancarlo Iannello, Maurizio Naso, Milena Anna Faliva, Mariangela Rondanelli
Summary: Research indicates that Moringa oleifera has potential in combating obesity by improving lipid profile and body weight, as well as regulating genes and hormones associated with adipogenesis, glucose uptake, and insulin resistance. However, more human clinical trials are needed to further explore its anti-obesity effects on humans.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nancy Babio, Nerea Becerra-Tomas, Stephanie K. Nishi, Leyre Lopez-Gonzalez, Indira Paz-Graniel, Jesus Garcia-Gavilan, Helmut Schroder, Nerea Martin-Calvo, Jordi Salas-Salvado
Summary: Overall, cross-sectional studies suggest an inverse association between total dairy consumption and obesity, while prospective studies do not provide conclusive evidence for an inverse relationship.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elizabeth B. Ruzicka, Katherine E. Darling, Amy F. Sato
Summary: Controlling child feeding practices, such as restriction and pressure-to-eat, are associated with child weight status. Restrictive practices are linked to higher child weight, while pressure-to-eat practices are associated with lower child weight. Further research is needed to explore longitudinal effects.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shujuan Yang, Xiao Zhang, Ping Feng, Tong Wu, Ruochen Tian, Donglan Zhang, Li Zhao, Chenghan Xiao, Zonglei Zhou, Fang He, Guo Cheng, Peng Jia
Summary: The lack of access to fruit/vegetable markets (FVMs) has been considered a risk factor for childhood obesity, but the association between FVM access and weight-related behaviors remains inconclusive. More research is needed to fill this important gap in knowledge and provide better guidance for public health interventions.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Evangelos Handakas, Chung Ho Lau, Rossella Alfano, Vaia Lida Chatzi, Michelle Plusquin, Paolo Vineis, Oliver Robinson
Summary: Childhood obesity is a global epidemic with significant long-term health consequences. Metabolomics studies have identified a consistent metabolic profile of childhood obesity, providing insights into the pathogenesis of obesity-related diseases. Further research is needed to explore the role of metabolic profiles in childhood obesity risk.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kimberly M. Daniels, Leah H. Schinasi, Amy H. Auchincloss, Christopher B. Forrest, Ana V. Diez Roux
Summary: The neighborhood environment where a child lives can have a long-term impact on their weight and obesity. Studies have found that fast food restaurants have a more pronounced effect on girls, while green spaces, parks, and recreational facilities may have a beneficial impact on weight. Additionally, increased crime and low perceived safety could be risk factors for weight gain.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Antonio M. Persico, Arianna Ricciardello, Marco Lamberti, Laura Turriziani, Francesca Cucinotta, Claudia Brogna, Benedetto Vitiello, Celso Arango
Summary: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder with high prevalence, but there is currently no pharmacological treatment targeted at core symptoms.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Meng Li, Qiong Luo, Yanyan Tao, Xin Sun, Chenghai Liu
Summary: This article reviews the accumulated literature on drug-induced liver injury (DILI) with evidence-based medicine researches and discusses the limitations of clinical studies and the prospective development for DILI therapy.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Vandana Raman, Anshu Gupta, Ambika P. Ashraf, Emily Breidbart, Evgenia Gourgari, Manmohan Kamboj, Brenda Kohn, Sowmya Krishnan, Amit Lahoti, Kristal Matlock, Shilpa Mehta, Sejal Mistry, Ryan Miller, Laura Page, Danielle Reynolds, Joan C. Han
Summary: This review focuses on recent advances in pharmacotherapy for pediatric obesity, including medications for rare monogenic forms of obesity. In addition to approved medications for weight reduction in children, off-label medications also have a broad safety margin. The review aims to provide guidance for clinicians and encourage further research into pharmacotherapy and other interventions for pediatric obesity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stefania Chiappini, Alessio Mosca, Andrea Miuli, Francesco Maria Semeraro, Gianluca Mancusi, Maria Chiara Santovito, Francesco Di Carlo, Mauro Pettorruso, Amira Guirguis, John Martin Corkery, Giovanni Martinotti, Fabrizio Schifano, Massimo Di Giannantonio
Summary: This study reviewed the misuse of centrally acting anticholinergics, highlighting its widespread and popular nature. Healthcare professionals should be vigilant and monitor potential misusing issues due to the associated adverse effects.
Article
Psychiatry
Venetia Clarke, Andrea Goddard, Kaye Wellings, Raeena Hirve, Marta Casanovas, Susan Bewley, Russell Viner, Tami Kramer, Sophie Khadr
Summary: This study examines the medium-term physical and mental health outcomes and social experiences of adolescents following sexual assault. The findings show that a significant proportion of participants remain at risk for mental health disorders even 13-15 months post-assault, highlighting the importance of specialist intervention and ongoing support. The disruption to education is also a key concern for young people in this population.
SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHIATRIC EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Vanessa W. S. Ng, Le Gao, Esther W. Chan, Ho Ming Edwin Lee, Joseph F. Hayes, David P. J. Osborn, Timothy H. Rainer, Kenneth K. C. Man, Ian C. K. Wong
Summary: This study examined the association between pharmacological treatment and the risk of emergency room admissions due to traumatic injuries among patients with bipolar disorder. The analysis found that there was an increased risk of traumatic injuries before treatment, but the risk decreased after treatment initiation and returned to baseline during maintenance treatment. However, the risk increased again after treatment cessation.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Primary Health Care
Annie Jeffery, Cini Bhanu, Kate Walters, Ian C. K. Wong, David Osborn, Joseph F. Hayes
Summary: This study investigates the association between the number of prescribed medications and early discontinuation of antidepressant treatment in adults with type 2 diabetes. The findings suggest that individuals with higher levels of concurrent polypharmacy are more adherent to treatment, while individuals with lower levels of concurrent polypharmacy may benefit from adherence support.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Esa Y. H. Chen, Jiaxi Zhao, Jenni Ilomaki, Janet K. Sluggett, J. Simon Bell, Barbara C. Wimmer, Sarah N. Hilmer, Joseph E. Blais, Ian C. K. Wong, Esther W. Chan
Summary: This study found that in patients with atrial fibrillation initiating oral anticoagulants, a more complex medication regimen was associated with a higher risk of bleeding, especially beyond 90 days of treatment.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Transplantation
Franco Wing Tak Cheng, Carlos King Ho Wong, Simon Xiwen Qin, Celine Sze Ling Chui, Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai, Xue Li, Eric Yuk Fai Wan, Esther W. Chan, Chi Ho Au, Xuxiao Ye, Sydney Chi Wai Tang, Ian Chi Kei Wong
Summary: A study conducted in Hong Kong using vaccination records found no evidence to suggest an increased risk of glomerular diseases following the BNT162b2 or CoronaVac vaccines.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Vivien Kin Yi Chan, Hao Luo, Sandra Sau Man Chan, Chak Sing Lau, Winnie Wan Yin Yeung, Kuan Peng, Xinning Tong, May Pui San Lam, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Xue Li
Summary: Recent literature has shown that patients with depression have increased immune activation. This study aimed to explore the relationship between treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and subsequent autoimmune diseases. A cohort study and nested case-control study were conducted using electronic medical records in Hong Kong. The results indicated a significant association between TRD and autoimmune diseases, particularly in organ-specific diseases. The findings suggest that controlling chronic inflammation in hard-to-treat depression may help prevent autoimmunity.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Vincent Ka Chun Yan, Franco Wing Tak Cheng, Celine Sze Ling Chui, Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai, Carlos King Ho Wong, Xue Li, Eric Yuk Fai Wan, Joshua Sung Chih Wong, Esther Wai Yin Chan, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Mike Yat Wah Kwan, Patrick Ip
Summary: Severe COVID-19 is more common in children and adolescents since the emergence of Omicron. This case-control study in Hong Kong showed that three doses of BNT162b2 or CoronaVac were effective in preventing COVID-19, hospitalizations, and severe outcomes among the pediatric population during the Omicron-dominant pandemic, with increased effectiveness after a booster dose.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Min Fan, Shuk-Ching Wong, Qiuyan Yu, Philip H. Li, Peng Wu, Esther Wai Yin Chan, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Hein M. Tun, Benjamin John Cowling, Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng, Celine Sze Ling Chui
Summary: This study investigated the epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in Hong Kong. It reported the monthly incidence rate of CPE and conducted a case-control study to identify risk factors for CPE carriage. The results showed an increasing trend in CPE carriage in Hong Kong, with previous use of any beta-lactam antibiotics identified as an independent risk factor for CPE infection.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gloria Hoi-Yee Li, Ching -Lung Cheung, Kathryn Choon-Beng Tan, Annie Wai-Chee Kung, Timothy Chi-Yui Kwok, Wallis Cheuk-Yin Lau, Janus Siu-Him Wong, Warrington W. Q. Hsu, Christian Fang, Ian Chi-Kei Wong
Summary: Sex-specific hip fracture prediction models were developed using electronic health records (EHR) without bone mineral density (BMD) data. The logistic regression (LR) model showed better discrimination and classification performance than machine learning (ML) algorithms in both internal and independent validation cohorts for both females and males. The LR models could be integrated into routine clinical workflow to identify high-risk individuals for DXA scan.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Min Fan, Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai, Franco Wing Tak Cheng, Natalie Tsz Ying Tsie, Xue Li, Eric Yuk Fai Wan, Carlos King Ho Wong, Esther Wai Yin Chan, Kai Hang Yiu, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Celine Sze Ling Chui
Summary: This study assessed the risk of carditis following three doses of BNT162b2 or CoronaVac through a self-controlled case series (SCCS) and a case-control study. The results showed increased carditis risks after all three doses of BNT162b2, especially in individuals below 30 years old and males.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Martin Law, Sam S. H. Ho, Gigi K. C. Tsang, Clarissa M. Y. Ho, Christine M. Kwan, Vincent Ka Chun Yan, Hei Hang Edmund Yiu, Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Esther Wai Yin Chan
Summary: This study systematically evaluated the efficacy and effectiveness of inactivated vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and found evidence of their efficacy and effectiveness for various outcomes. However, inconsistent reporting of key parameters, high heterogeneity in observational studies, and limitations in study design for certain outcomes undermine the reliability of the findings, highlighting the need for further research to address these limitations.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC
(2023)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Eric Yuk Fai Wan, Vincent Ka Chun Yan, Anna Hoi Ying Mok, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Esther Wai Yin Chan
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Respiratory System
Chris Wai Hang Lo, Swathi Pathadka, Simon Xiwen Qin, Lydia W. Y. Fung, Vincent Ka Chun Yan, Hei Hang Edmund Yiu, Chloe I. Bloom, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Esther Wai Yin Chan
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the neuropsychiatric events associated with montelukast, finding no significant association with suicide and depression events in asthma patients, but possible associations with anxiety and sleeping disorders, particularly in older adults.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Adrienne Y. L. Chan, Le Gao, Louise M. Howard, Emily Simonoff, Dave Coghill, Patrick Ip, Wallis C. Y. Lau, Katja Taxis, Ian C. K. Wong, Kenneth K. C. Man
Summary: This study evaluated the association between gestational benzodiazepine and/or z-drug exposure and adverse birth and neurodevelopmental outcomes. The findings showed no significant differences in the risk of preterm birth, small for gestational age, ASD, or ADHD between children exposed and not exposed to these medications during pregnancy.
PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yi Chai, Rachel Yui Ki Chu, Yuqi Hu, Ivan Chun Hang Lam, Franco Wing Tak Cheng, Hao Luo, Martin Chi Sang Wong, Sandra Sau Man Chan, Esther Wai Yin Chan, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai
Summary: This study explores the association between lung cancer and exposure to flupentixol or any antipsychotics, finding a decreased risk in patients with more than one year of exposure. Further research into other antipsychotic agents and populations is needed for effective lung cancer prevention strategies.
COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE
(2023)