Review
Biology
R. James Stubbs, Graham Horgan, Eric Robinson, Mark Hopkins, Clarissa Dakin, Graham Finlayson
Summary: Over the past 50 years, there has been an increase in the absolute energy from fats and carbohydrates, and the proportion of carbohydrates in the food supply. The dietary energy density (ED) is mainly influenced by the water and fat content in foods. Protein, carbohydrates, and fat have different effects on satiety and energy intake, with protein having the greatest impact. However, when comparing foods with equal energy density, the differences between fat and carbohydrates are modest. Increasing the dietary energy density covertly with fat, carbohydrates, or a mix of macronutrients leads to higher energy intake and weight gain.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eva Prida, Sara Alvarez-Delgado, Raquel Perez-Lois, Mateo Soto-Tielas, Ana Estany-Gestal, Johan Ferno, Luisa Maria Seoane, Mar Quinones, Omar Al-Massadi
Summary: Fibroblast growth factor 21 plays a key role in regulating metabolism and has direct effects on the central nervous system. It is involved in maintaining energy homeostasis, glucose and lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. Recombinant fibroblast growth factor 21 therapies have shown efficacy in counteracting obesity and related metabolic disorders in rodents and nonhuman primates.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kevin D. Hall, I. Sadaf Farooqi, Jeffery M. Friedman, Samuel Klein, Ruth J. F. Loos, David J. Mangelsdorf, Stephen O'Rahilly, Eric Ravussin, Leanne M. Redman, Donna H. Ryan, John R. Speakman, Deirdre K. Tobias
Summary: This article discusses two models of obesity, the carbohydrate-insulin model and the energy balance model. The article points out that the carbohydrate-insulin model better reflects the biology of weight control, while the energy balance model does not consider the biological mechanisms that promote weight gain. The article also provides an accurate description of the energy balance model, stating that the brain is the primary organ responsible for body weight regulation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Fatima G. Velazquez-Gonzalez, Mercedes Urquiza-Martinez, Raul Manhaes-de-Castro, Pedro A. Romero-Juarez, Zaira I. Bedolla-Valdez, Juan M. Ponce-Perez, Estefania Farias-Gaytan, Maria S. Vazquez-Garciduenas, Gerardo Vazquez-Marrufo, Ana E. Toscano, Luz Torner, Jose Perez-Villarreal, Omar Guzman-Quevedo
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the functional effects of avocado seed on diet-induced obese mice. The results showed that supplementation with avocado seed led to reduced body weight, delayed satiety, increased physical activity, and induced specific gene expressions in hypothalamus and white adipose tissue. This suggests that avocado seed could be a potential raw material for the development of functional foods.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Miguel Lopez, Manuel Fernandez-Real, Stanislav I. Tomarev
Summary: Classically, the regulation of energy balance has been based on central and peripheral mechanisms sensing energy, nutrients, metabolites, and hormonal cues. Recent data have added more complexity to the homeostatic regulation of metabolism by introducing the key role of olfaction in energy homeostasis. Olfactory inputs contribute to the regulation of feeding, energy expenditure, and whole body metabolism.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Daniel Illescas-Zarate, Carolina Batis, Ivonne Ramirez-Silva, Rossana Torres-Alvarez, Juan A. Rivera, Tonatiuh Barrientos-Gutierrez
Summary: The study modeling the effect of the NEDF tax on Mexican children showed a potential decrease in body weight, BMI, and prevalence of overweight and obesity, indicating that fiscal instruments could be effective in reducing the prevalence of obesity in children.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Giulia Lorenzoni, Rita Di Benedetto, Marco Silano, Dario Gregori
Summary: The study revealed that there is a diversity in the nutrient profile of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) in the Italian market, showing variability in nutritional composition even within the same category of UPFs as demonstrated by different FOPL schemes applied.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yang Wu, Liang Wang, Jiang Zhu, Liwang Gao, Youfa Wang
Summary: Studies suggest a link between fast food outlet density and obesity risk, with improving access to healthy foods seen as a means to combat the obesity epidemic. It is crucial to regulate the fast food industry, while also enhancing consumer knowledge and behaviors.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ellen S. Mitchell, Qiuchen Yang, Annabell S. Ho, Heather Behr, Christine N. May, Laura DeLuca, Andreas Michaelides
Summary: The study found that consuming more low-energy-dense and less high-energy-dense foods, as well as improving nutrition knowledge and making healthier food choices, were associated with weight loss in a digital commercial weight loss program. The inclination towards food choice even when just depicted was also linked to long-term weight loss.
Review
Entomology
Roberto Ordonez-Araque, Nadine Quishpillo-Miranda, Luis Ramos-Guerrero
Summary: Edible insects are a potential substitute to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the food industry, providing a sustainable and nutritious alternative for both humans and animals. The nutritional contributions of insects vary significantly according to species and developmental stage.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Veronika Barisic, Necattin Cihat Icyer, Saniye Akyil, Omer Said Toker, Ivana Flanjak, Durdica Ackar
Summary: This paper reviews different aspects of cocoa beverage production and quality, including instant and ready-to-drink beverages, additives to improve quality characteristics, alternative processing techniques, and problems that may arise during production. The subject of cocoa-based beverages is still relatively under-researched, and further efforts should be made to design beverages with reduced sugar content and enriched with bioactive compounds. Alternative processing techniques and increasing bioaccessibility of micro- and macroelements are also important areas for further investigation.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Katherine A. Kern, Adrianne M. DiBrog, Johnathan T. Przybysz, Elizabeth G. Mietlicki-Baase
Summary: Pramlintide reduces food intake in rats largely by reducing intake of high-fat diet, also suppressing intake of standard chow, which may contribute to weight loss.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Review
Biology
Melissa Bateson, Gillian V. Pepper
Summary: Food insecurity is associated with obesity among women in high-income countries. The insurance hypothesis explains this paradoxical association by suggesting that humans have evolved mechanisms to increase fat storage in response to unpredictable access to food. Exposure to food insecurity may lead to increased adiposity through a combination of short-term hyperphagia, increased retained metabolizable energy, and reduced energy expenditure. However, these adaptations may come with trade-offs such as increased disease risk and accelerated aging.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Patrick T. Bradshaw
Summary: This article discusses the relationship between body composition and cancer survival and summarizes the epidemiological evidence. Recent advancements in the use of radiological assessments to measure body composition have provided exciting new insights, but reconciling these findings with those from anthropometric data poses challenges.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Melissa Bateson, Clare Andrews, Jonathon Dunn, Charlotte B. C. M. Egger, Francesca Gray, Molly Mchugh, Daniel Nettle
Summary: Food insecurity-induced weight gain results from animals increasing their energetic efficiency, rather than increasing their food consumption.
Article
Oncology
J. A. Dumalaon-Canaria, I. Prichard, A. D. Hutchinson, C. Wilson
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER CARE
(2018)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Amanda D. Hutchinson, Susan M. Pfeiffer, Carlene Wilson
CURRENT OPINION IN SUPPORTIVE AND PALLIATIVE CARE
(2017)
Editorial Material
Oncology
C. Wilson, D. Hughes
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER CARE
(2017)
Article
Oncology
Karen Linehan, Kate M. Fennell, Donna L. Hughes, Carlene J. Wilson
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY NURSING
(2017)
Article
Oncology
Carlene Wilson, Kristy Giles, Ted Nettelbeck, Amanda Hutchinson
Review
Oncology
Jasmin K. Turner, Amanda Hutchinson, Carlene Wilson
Article
Oncology
Bonnie Wiggins, Nadia Corsini, Imogen Ramsey, Suzanne Edwards, Deb Ball, Lesley Cocks, Jo Lill, Greg Sharplin, Carlene Wilson
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER
(2018)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Nadia Corsini, Lisa Kettler, Vanessa Danthiir, Carlene Wilson
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Vanessa Danthiir, Diane E. Hosking, Ted Nettelbeck, Andrew D. Vincent, Carlene Wilson, Nathan O'Callaghan, Eva Calvaresi, Peter Clifton, Gary A. Wittert
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2018)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
E. R. Miller, C. Wilson, J. Chapman, I. Flight, A. -M. Nguyen, C. Fletcher, Lj Ramsey
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Janine Chapman, Chloe Fletcher, Ingrid Flight, Carlene Wilson
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Kamelia Todorov, Carlene Wilson, Greg Sharplin, Nadia Corsini
AUSTRALIAN HEALTH REVIEW
(2018)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Ashley K. Day, Carlene J. Wilson, Amanda D. Hutchinson, Rachel M. Roberts
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
John Mingoia, Amanda Hutchinson, Carlene Wilson
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
(2017)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Clare E. McGuiness, Deborah Turnbull, Carlene Wilson, Amy Duncan, Ingrid H. Flight, Ian Zajac
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MENS HEALTH
(2017)