Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rachel L. Bedder, Matilde M. Vaghi, Raymond J. Dolan, Robb B. Rutledge
Summary: Humans exhibit diurnal modulation in decision making, with risky options with potential losses being increasingly chosen over the course of the day. This diurnal change in risk preference reflects a decrease in sensitivity to increasing losses, but no change in loss aversion. The findings have potential importance for real-life decisions, such as voting, medical decisions, and financial investments.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shasha Yu, Bo Wang, Guangxiao Li, Xiaofan Guo, Hongmei Yang, Yingxian Sun
Summary: This study aims to investigate the relationship between tea-drinking frequency and incident metabolic syndrome (MetS) in rural middle-aged and older Chinese residents. The results suggest that regular tea consumption is associated with a higher incidence of metabolic disorders and MetS.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Elise R. Orellana, Jennifer E. Nyland, Nelli Horvath, Andras Hajnal
Summary: The study found that RYGB surgery increased ethanol intake in female rats, potentially due to vagal damage. High fat diet was shown to counteract this increase.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiang Ji, Tiago Ferreira, Beth Friedman, Rui Liu, Hannah Liechty, Erhan Bas, Jayaram Chandrashekar, David Kleinfeld
Summary: The study found a common network topology and shared structural robustness against rarefaction of vessels in the brain. The orientation of capillaries is mostly weakly anisotropic, with a few strongly anisotropic regions. Furthermore, regional differences in metabolism can be connected to differences in length density, predicting a common value of maximum tissue oxygen tension across the brain.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matteo Papa, Gulsah Dogruer, David Bailey, Frederic D. L. Leusch
Summary: This study evaluated hormonal activities in sludge samples before and after anaerobic digestion treatment, finding that estrogenic activity increased while glucocorticoid and anti-progestagenic activities remained mostly unchanged. Future research should expand the sample range to better understand hormonal activities in sludge and develop effect-based trigger values for interpretation of risks posed by hormonal activities in sludge.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Leticia San Emeterio, Enrique Baquero, Rodrigo Anton, Rafael Jordana, Leire Mugica, Jose L. Saez, Inigo Virto, Rosa M. Canals
Summary: Woody plant encroachment threatens grassland biomes, and pyric herbivory has been successful in promoting landscape and plant community diversity. However, its effects on below ground biodiversity are less known. This study evaluated the midterm effects of prescribed burns and targeted horse grazing on soil microbial and mesofauna diversity, and found that targeted grazing increased soil biodiversity while also recovering fungi after burning.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cecilia Veraar, Arabella Fischer, Martin H. Bernardi, Isabella Sulz, Mohamed Mouhieddine, Martin Dworschak, Edda Tschernko, Andrea Lassnigg, Michael Hiesmayr
Summary: Longitudinal changes in resting energy expenditure, oxygen delivery, and distribution and processing may occur after major surgery. This study analyzed the pattern of these parameters in critically ill patients who died during hospitalization. The results showed that survivors experienced a transition from negative to positive energy balance, while non-survivors had decreased oxygen delivery and extraction. A lower resting energy expenditure was associated with worse survival at various time points. Non-survivors seemed to be unable to adapt metabolically from the early phase to the later phase.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Johan Onslev, Martin Thomassen, Jorgen Wojtaszewski, Jens Bangsbo, Morten Hostrup
Summary: Exercise attenuates the effect of beta(2)-agonist salbutamol on leg glucose uptake, but this attenuation diminishes in recovery. Salbutamol increases leg lactate release in recovery, which may relate to glycolytic trafficking due to excessive myocellular glucose uptake.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Agnieszka Miklosz, Bartlomiej Lukaszuk, Elzbieta Supruniuk, Kamil Grubczak, Magdalena Kusaczuk, Adrian Chabowski
Summary: AS160, also known as TBC1D4, plays a crucial role in regulating insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and cellular entry of long-chain fatty acids. However, there is limited data on the expression and modulatory role of AS160/TBC1D4 in the adipocytes of morbidly obese individuals with different metabolic statuses.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lauri Savolainen, Saima Timpmann, Martin Mooses, Luule Medijainen, Lisette Tonutare, Frederik Ross, Mart Lellsaar, Anneli Piir, Mihkel Zilmer, Eve Unt, Vahur Oopik
Summary: The study found that 12-week vitamin D supplementation can increase serum vitamin D levels and improve inflammatory status in young healthy men with vitamin D deficiency, but has no significant impact on cardiorespiratory fitness.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Andrew W. Hertel, Scott A. Baldwin, Kirsten P. Peterson, Kristen P. Lindgren
Summary: Endorsing and frequently thinking about having a drinking identity are positively associated with alcohol consumption and risk for hazardous drinking. Greater identification with drinking predicts subsequent increases in alcohol consumption and risk for hazardous drinking, although drinking behavior variables do not predict changes in identification with drinking.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Maria Victoria Rosato-Siri, Pamela V. Martino Adami, Maria Eugenia Guitart, Sandra Verstraeten, Laura Morelli, Jorge Correale, Juana Maria Pasquini
Summary: Iron deficiency is a common nutritional deficit that affects nearly two billion people worldwide. In this study, primary cultures of oligodendrocytes (OLGs) and astrocytes (ASTs) from control and iron-deficient newborns were used to assess bioenergetics metabolism. The results showed that iron deficiency induces mitochondrial dysfunction and impairs cell maturation.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Letitia Mates, Daniela-Saveta Popa, Marius Emil Rusu, Ionel Fizesan, Daniel Leucuta
Summary: The study found that walnut consumption has positive effects on metabolic syndrome and inflammatory markers in middle-aged and older adults. Specifically, walnuts can decrease triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol concentrations, highlighting their potential benefits for this age group.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Wei Fu, Jun Fan, Sheng Wang, Huan Wang, Zijun Dai, Xu Zhao, Mingde Hao
Summary: Soil erosion leads to a reduction in soil organic matter and degradation of soil structure in agricultural systems, posing threats to agricultural ecological environments and global sustainable agriculture. The addition of woody peat has been found to improve land productivity in degraded soils, particularly in red soil, by enhancing crop growth and increasing soil organic matter content. Further research is needed to explore the impact of woody peat addition on soil environments, especially in coarse-textured soils.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Nicky M. M. D'Fonseca, Charlotte M. E. Gibson, Iris Hummel, David A. van Doorn, Ellen Roelfsema, Tom A. E. Stout, Jan van den Broek, Marta de Ruijter-Villani
Summary: The study found that long-term high-energy feeding leads to obesity in mares, resulting in a higher likelihood of early embryonic death in embryos recovered from these mares. While high-energy feeding did not significantly increase the incidence of hemorrhagic anovulatory follicles (HAF), it extended the duration of cyclicity in mares.