Review
Chemistry, Applied
Zainaipuguli Yisimayili, Zhi Chao
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive overview of research on different parts of pomegranate, including phytochemicals, metabolism, and pharmacokinetics studies. The review also introduces analysis strategies for identifying compounds and metabolites and speculates the structures and constitutional isomers of ellagitannins and gallotannins.
Article
Neurosciences
Malgorzata Kujawska, Michael Jourdes, Lukasz Witucki, Marta Karazniewicz-Lada, Michal Szulc, Agata Gorska, Przemyslaw L. Mikolajczak, Pierre-Louis Teissedre, Jadwiga Jodynis-Liebert
Summary: The study shows that pomegranate juice treatment can protect against ROT-induced dopamine depletion in the midbrain in rats, leading to improved olfactory function and vertical activity, which correlates well with the presence of urolithin A in the brain.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Susanne M. Henning, Jieping Yang, Ru-Po Lee, Jianjun Huang, Gail Thames, Michelle Korn, Dina Ben-Nissan, David Heber, Zhaoping Li
Summary: This pilot study demonstrates that ellagic acid and its metabolites are transferred from breast milk to nursing infants and affect the infant gut microbiome. The concentration of ellagic acid metabolites in breast milk increased over time, indicating potential neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory health benefits for infants.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miodrag Colic, Dusan Mihajlovic, Marina Bekic, Milan Markovic, Branka Dragisic, Sergej Tomic, Natasa Miljus, Katarina Savikin, Ranko Skrbic
Summary: This study found that pomegranate peel extract and its ellagitannin components synergistically modulate immune response by inhibiting cell proliferation and cytokine production. Additionally, pomegranate peel extract can stimulate the production of Treg cytokines, while the individual ellagitannin components do not have this effect. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the anti-inflammatory mechanism of pomegranate peel extract.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giada Benedetti, Federica Zabini, Luca Tagliavento, Francesco Meneguzzo, Vincenzo Calderone, Lara Testai
Summary: This review summarizes recent preclinical and clinical studies on pomegranate, highlighting its promising beneficial effects in several fields. Further research is needed on key aspects, including limited oral bioavailability and the role of possible active metabolites. The ongoing development of suitable encapsulation and green extraction techniques suggests the great potential of pomegranate and its bioactive constituents as dietary supplements or adjuvants in therapies of cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular diseases.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kieran Moore, Shaun B. B. Reeksting, Vimal Nair, Steve T. T. Pannakal, Nita Roy, Joan Eilstein, Sebastien Gregoire, M. Begona Delgado-Charro, Richard H. H. Guy
Summary: Reverse iontophoresis (RI) was employed to non-destructively extract phytochemicals from intact fruits, and the extraction of ellagic acid from pomegranate fruit was successfully demonstrated. The RI sampling protocol was optimized, and multiple additional phytochemicals were also identified by LC-MS/MS.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Diana B. Muniz-Marquez, Jorge E. Wong-Paz, Pedro Aguilar-Zarate, Leonardo Sepulveda, Juan Buenrostro-Figueroa, Juan A. Ascacio-Valdes, Cristobal N. Aguilar
Summary: This study investigated the ultrasound-assisted extraction of ellagic acid from pomegranate husk using a central composite design and response surface methodology. The optimal extraction conditions were determined, and it was found that sonication and temperature had a positive combined effect on EA extraction. Furthermore, it was observed that UAE did not affect the hydrolysis of purified ellagitannins, indicating that the increase in EA yield was solely due to cell rupture.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Md Yousof Ali, Susoma Jannat, Mun Seog Chang
Summary: Major compounds in pomegranate extract can effectively inhibit ACE enzyme activity, enhance nitric oxide production, activate eNOS enzyme, and reduce reactive oxygen species production. These active compounds also improve glucose uptake in insulin-resistant muscle cells. These experimental results provide further support to the traditional medicine that uses pomegranates to treat cardiovascular diseases like hypertension.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Renata Luise de Araujo, Francisco A. Tomas-Barberan, Rosa Ferreira dos Santos, J. Alberto Martinez-Blazquez, Maria Ines Genovese
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of cagaita fruit juice on postprandial glycemia in dysglycemic subjects with MetS, showing a significant reduction in blood glucose levels, insulin, GIP, and C-peptide after consumption. The study also observed, for the first time, the metabolism of cagaita ellagitannins to urolithins in both healthy and dysglycemic individuals with MetS.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mariela R. Michel, Paola Fernanda Martinez-Torres, Jose Guadalupe Avila-Hernandez, Romeo Rojas, Guillermo Cristian G. Martinez-Avila, Juan Alberto Ascacio-Valdes, Mayra Aguilar-Zarate, Pedro Aguilar-Zarate
Summary: Pomegranate peel polyphenols, specifically punicalagin, have been studied for their antioxidant capacity and methods to protect and encapsulate them have been proposed. This study optimized the spray drying process of pomegranate peel polyphenols and evaluated their antioxidant activity for inhibiting lipid oxidation. The optimal conditions were determined and the polyphenols preserved their antioxidant capacity at a high percentage. The study suggests that spray dried pomegranate peel polyphenols can be used as antioxidants in edible oils.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sonia Esposto, Gianluca Veneziani, Agnese Taticchi, Stefania Urbani, Roberto Selvaggini, Beatrice Sordini, Luigi Daidone, Giacomo Gironi, Maurizio Servili
Summary: The study conducted a detailed assessment of bioactive compounds, volatile substances, sensory profile, and antioxidant activity in eight different commercial pomegranate juices. Results showed significant variations in phenolic compounds, tannins, hydrolyzable tannins, anthocyanins, and antioxidant properties among the juices, influenced by cultivation area, processing methods, and microbial stabilization procedures. Processing techniques also affected the sensory attributes of the juices, highlighting the importance of extraction methods in determining the overall quality of pomegranate juice for the food industry.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hosam M. Habib, Hamada El-Gendi, Esmail M. El-Fakharany, Mohamed G. El-Ziney, Ahmed F. El-Yazbi, Fatima T. Al Meqbaali, Wissam H. Ibrahim
Summary: The polyphenolic profile of pomegranate juice concentrate was investigated for the first time, revealing its potential health benefits and antioxidant activity. The concentrate exhibited inhibitory effects on oxidative damage and enzyme activities. It also demonstrated antibacterial effects and dose-dependent apoptosis on cancer cells.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Muhammad Zafar Irshad Khan, Muhammad Uzair, Adila Nazli, Jian-Zhong Chen
Summary: Estrogen plays a crucial role in regulating various physiological actions and is particularly involved in breast cancer development. This review provides a comprehensive study on estrogen receptors and their relationship with diseases, laying a foundation for understanding the actions of estrogen and developing relevant therapeutic strategies.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Reaotshepa Setlhodi, Boitumelo Mashile, Gloria O. Izu, Sefater Gbashi, Samson S. Mashele, Susanna L. Bonnet, Tshepiso J. Makhafola, Chika I. Chukwuma
Summary: This study used advanced chemometrics models to determine the influence of different extraction temperatures on the antioxidant profile and ellagitannins recovery of pomegranate peel extract. Extraction at 78 degrees Celsius showed the highest antioxidant activity and ellagitannins content. Pearson's bivariate correlation showed a strong positive correlation between ellagitannins and the anti-lipid peroxidative profile of the extract. The PCA and OPLS models adequately characterized and predicted the variation and patterns in the antioxidant and phytochemical datasets. OPLS biplot showed a distinct clustering pattern around 78 degrees Celsius extraction temperature, indicating the influence of ellagitannins on the antioxidant profile at this temperature.
FOOD AND BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Runjhun Mathur, Niraj Kumar Jha, Gaurav Saini, Saurabh Kumar Jha, Sheo Prasad Shukla, Zita Filipejova, Kavindra Kumar Kesari, Danish Iqbal, Parma Nand, Vijay Jagdish Upadhye, Abhimanyu Kumar Jha, Shubhadeep Roychoudhury, Petr Slama
Summary: This article presents an overview of the roles of Estrogen signaling, polycomb/trithorax associated proteins, and DNA methylation in breast cancer progression, as well as the epigenetic mechanisms in breast cancer therapy. By emphasizing functionality, regulatory factors, therapeutic value, and future challenges, it provides a comprehensive analysis of these aspects.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
