Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Dalal S. Ali, Karel Dandurand, Aliya A. Khan
Summary: Close monitoring and adjustment of doses of calcium and active vitamin D are recommended during pregnancy to maintain serum calcium levels in the normal range for women with hypoparathyroidism. Hyper- and hypocalcemia should be avoided in order to reduce maternal and fetal complications during pregnancy and lactation in patients with hypoparathyroidism. Standard therapy with elemental calcium, active vitamin D, and vitamin D is safe during pregnancy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Osama A. Shaikhomar, Abdelghnay H. Abdelghnay, Haitham M. H. Qutob
Summary: Serum markers may be useful for screening and predicting patients at risk of osteoporosis and assessing treatment response. The combination of serum markers and DEXA measures is more effective in detecting low BMD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Dailson Nogueira de Souza, Caio Jordao Teixeira, Vanessa Barbosa Veronesi, Gilson Masahiro Murata, Junia Carolina Santos-Silva, Fernanda Ballerini Hecht, Julia Modesto Vicente, Silvana Bordin, Gabriel Forato Anhe
Summary: The male offspring born and breastfed by mothers treated with dexamethasone during pregnancy displayed reduced adiposity, lower circulating triacylglycerol levels in the fed-state, and decreased expression of specific genes in the jejunum. These findings suggest that reduced fat absorption by the jejunum may contribute to the lower adiposity observed in the adult offspring.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Teodoro Dura-Trave, Fidel Gallinas-Victoriano
Summary: Exclusive breastfeeding is considered ideal for infants in their first six months; however, breast milk has low vitamin D content, leading to inadequate intake of 400 IU daily. This article discusses the metabolism of vitamin D during pregnancy and its presence in breast milk. It also analyzes the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant and nursing women and the potential consequences for mother and baby. The current guidelines for vitamin D supplementation in breastfeeding infants, pregnant women, and nursing mothers are provided.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jia-Jia Wang, Ou Wang, Ya-Bing Wang, Jing Yang, An Song, Yan Jiang, Mei Li, Wei-Bo Xia, Xiao-Ping Xing
Summary: Studies on hypoparathyroidism during pregnancy and lactation are limited. In this retrospective study on 19 patients with hypoparathyroidism before pregnancy, different changes in calcium homeostasis and a high prevalence of adverse outcomes during pregnancy were observed. Close monitoring and optimal serum calcium level maintenance are crucial for female patients with hypoparathyroidism.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
En Cheng, Bette J. Caan, Peggy M. Cawthon, William J. Evans, Marc K. Hellerstein, Mahalakshmi Shankaran, Kristin L. Campbell, Alexandra M. Binder, Barbara Sternfeld, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Kathryn H. Schmitz, Elizabeth M. Cespedes Feliciano
Summary: This study is the first to assess muscle mass in cancer patients using the D3-creatine dilution method. Regardless of the method used for muscle or lean mass assessment, we observed stronger correlations, greater myopenia agreement, and more significant associations with physical function in male colon cancer patients. However, none of the measures of muscle or lean mass were significantly associated with physical function in female colon cancer patients.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena Tsourdi, Athanasios D. Anastasilakis
Summary: Pregnancy involves enhanced intestinal calcium absorption, while lactation involves additional calcium obtained through resorption from the maternal skeleton, leading to reversible bone loss. These maternal adaptations during pregnancy and lactation can affect or complicate the presentation, diagnosis, and management of parathyroid disorders.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aline Alves Lopes, Luciano Albuquerque, Mayara Fontes, Daniella Rego, Francisco Bandeira
Summary: This study aims to evaluate body composition and its relationship with hormonal control in acromegaly, comparing the effectiveness of Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) with dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), which is commonly used in current studies. The results show that there were no significant differences in body composition between patients with controlled and active disease. In patients with adequate hormonal control, there was preservation of muscle mass and a lower prevalence of metabolic comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and high blood pressure (HBP).
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Keren E. Dittmer, Anastasia Chernyavtseva, Jonathan C. Marshall, Diana Cabrera, Frances M. Wolber, Marlena Kruger
Summary: Osteoporosis is a global public health issue, with approximately 3/4 of cases resulting from estrogen deficiency after menopause. This study used sheep as a model for osteoporosis and conducted experiments by performing ovariectomy and administering glucocorticoids. The results demonstrated that the expression of the klotho gene in the kidney showed the most significant difference in ovariectomized sheep treated with glucocorticoids for 2 months followed by a recovery period of 3 months. Klotho, known as the anti-aging hormone, is involved in the regulation of calcium and phosphorus metabolism, and it may play an important role in the recovery of bone mineral density in ovariectomized sheep treated with glucocorticoids for 2 months followed by euthanasia at 5 months.
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Domenico Albano, Paulo Moraes Agnollitto, Marcello Petrini, Andrea Biacca, Fabio Massimo Ulivieri, Luca Maria Sconfienza, Carmelo Messina
Summary: DXA is the most common modality for quantitative measurements of bone mineral density, but errors related to this exam are still very common and may impact the final diagnosis and therapy. Operator-related errors, such as wrong patient positioning, error in the acquisition process, or in the scan analysis, can occur during each step of DXA. It is important to recognize and avoid such errors to ensure accurate results.
ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xuewen Wang, Erin E. Kishman, Jihong Liu, Lauren A. Castleberry, Alexander McLain, Joshua R. Sparks, James W. Cook
Summary: The aim of this study was to examine changes in body weight and fat in Black and White women during the first postpartum year and to determine whether there is preferential retention of fat mass and abdominal fat. Body composition was measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in Black and White women at 6 to 8 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after delivery. The findings showed that Black women were less likely than White women to lose weight and fat in the postpartum period, and there was preferential retention of fat in the abdominal area.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Zhaojun Chen, Yunxia Zhu, Ting Wu, Xia Qian, Ye Hu, Wensheng Hu
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy on glycolipid metabolism in offspring at different stages of life, and explored the effectiveness of different dosages of vitamin D supplementation.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Matthew Allan Thomas, Jorge Ernesto Jimenez, Samuel John Fahrenholtz, Khushnood Hamdani, William Daniel Erwin
Summary: This study examines the unique measurement and quality-control strategies in dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and analyzes the dependence of measured entrance-air-kerma (EAK) on dose sensor type and scan length. The feasibility of using EAK to compare scanner output and the congruence between measured and vendor-reported EAK were also established. The results suggest that DXA scanner stability can be quantified using EAK as a quality-control metric with a variety of solid-state and ion chamber (IC) dose sensors. Measured EAK may vary significantly between different scanners, indicating that measured and reported EAK may not always be comparable.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED CLINICAL MEDICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Chumin Zhao, Magdalena Herbst, Thomas Weber, Christoph Luckner, Sebastian Vogt, Ludwig Ritschl, Steffen Kappler, Jeffrey H. Siewerdsen, Wojciech Zbijewski
Summary: The study investigated the feasibility of slot-scan dual-energy bone densitometry on motorized radiographic equipment for fast quantitative measurements of areal bone mineral density. Results showed accurate and reproducible aBMD measurements across different body sizes and positioning with small errors. Empirical evaluations confirmed the reduction in aBMD errors with proposed procedures on robotic x-ray systems.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Signe Monrad Norgaard, Christine Dalgard, Malene Soborg Heidemann, Anders Jorgen Schou, Henrik Thybo Christesen
Summary: The study found no consistent association between adherence to vitamin D supplementation guidelines, as well as vitamin D status during pregnancy and childhood, in populations with relatively high s-25(OH)D concentrations, and bone mineralisation at the age of 7 years.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)