Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Astrid Ruiz-Margain, Ricardo U. Macias-Rodriguez, Nayelli C. Flores-Garcia, Berenice M. Roman Calleja, Oscar M. Fierro-Angulo, Jose A. Gonzalez-Regueiro
Summary: The assessment of nutrition status, sarcopenia, and frailty is crucial in adult transplantation as these factors affect the prognosis. A comprehensive nutrition assessment and related tests are necessary for transplant candidates.
NUTRITION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Federico Ravaioli, Nicola De Maria, Lorenza Di Marco, Alessandra Pivetti, Riccardo Casciola, Carlo Ceraso, Gabriella Frassanito, Martina Pambianco, Maddalena Pecchini, Chiara Sicuro, Laura Leoni, Stefano Di Sandro, Paolo Magistri, Renata Menozzi, Fabrizio Di Benedetto, Antonio Colecchia
Summary: Liver transplantation (LT) is a complex surgical procedure that requires careful planning and care to ensure the nutritional status of the patient. This review examines the assessment and management of nutritional status before, during, and after LT, specifically for patients who have undergone bariatric surgery. Key factors influencing nutritional status in liver transplant patients, such as pre-existing malnutrition, liver disease severity, comorbidities, and immunosuppressive medications, are identified. The review emphasizes the importance of pre-operative nutritional assessment and intervention, close monitoring of nutritional status, individualized nutrition care plans, and ongoing support after LT. It also evaluates the impact of bariatric surgery on the nutritional status of liver transplant recipients, providing valuable insights for optimizing nutritional status during the transplant process.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Suzette L. Pereira, Marni E. Shoemaker, Susan Gawel, Gerard J. Davis, Menghua Luo, Vikkie A. Mustad, Joel T. Cramer
Summary: Malnutrition and sarcopenia often coexist and have negative health outcomes. Previous studies have shown that chronic supplementation with oral nutritional supplements (ONS) enriched with protein, vitamin D, and beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) can improve muscle strength and quality in malnourished sarcopenic older adults. This study aims to understand the underlying biological mechanisms contributing to the early strength benefits of HMB-enriched ONS. The results suggest that multiple biological systems are impacted by nutritional intervention and that incremental biomarker changes may be linked to improvements in skeletal muscle health.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Liang-Kung Chen, Hidenori Arai, Prasert Assantachai, Masahiro Akishita, Samuel T. H. Chew, Lourdes Carolina Dumlao, Gustavo Duque, Jean Woo
Summary: As muscle health declines with age, sarcopenia has become a growing concern in Asia, particularly among community-dwelling older adults. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia established a special interest group to develop evidence-based expert consensus on nutrition and muscle health in this population. The consensus statements, developed through a systematic literature search and a modified Delphi method, provide a practical framework to address muscle health and encourage equitable care for older adults in Asia.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Stacey Silver Beer, Molly Wong Vega
Summary: Nutrition assessment in children with end-stage organ disease and those requiring organ transplant is challenging, and the literature on the assessment of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty in these conditions is scarce. The addition of validated nutrition and functional assessment techniques has recently assisted in the effective assessment of these conditions.
NUTRITION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shelley Roberts, Peter Collins, Megan Rattray
Summary: Malnutrition, frailty, and sarcopenia are becoming more common among community-dwelling older adults, yet are often overlooked and untreated. Community-based healthcare professionals need to be aware of and able to recognize and manage these conditions. Further research is recommended to explore barriers and enablers to delivering high-quality nutrition care to older community-dwelling adults with these conditions.
Review
Rehabilitation
Aniek M. Kolen, Pieter U. Dijkstra, Rienk Dekker, Jean-Paul P. M. de Vries, Jan H. B. Geertzen, Harriet Jager-Wittenaar
Summary: This literature review examined the relationship between nutritional intake, nutritional status, and nutritional interventions with short- and long-term clinical outcomes in individuals with major dysvascular lower limb amputation. The results showed that there is no conclusive evidence on the percentage of individuals with poor nutritional status due to the heterogeneity of assessment methods. Some studies reported a negative association between poor nutritional status and clinical outcomes, but the limited quality of available studies calls for caution in interpreting these results. High-quality studies with strong evidence hierarchy are needed.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maria Wobith, Arved Weimann
Summary: Patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery are following enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols, where oral feeding is emphasized and malnutrition is common. It is important to identify patients at metabolic risk early and monitor their nutritional status postoperatively, especially after surgery in the upper gastrointestinal tract. The article provides an overview of perioperative enteral nutrition concepts in these patients.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carlos Seron-Arbeloa, Lorenzo Labarta-Monzon, Jose Puzo-Foncillas, Tomas Mallor-Bonet, Alberto Lafita-Lopez, Nestor Bueno-Vidales, Miguel Montoro-Huguet
Summary: Malnutrition has a negative impact on patients' quality of life and health outcomes. Early identification and adequate nutritional support are crucial in preventing and reversing malnutrition. Nutritional screening is the first step in identifying at-risk patients, while nutritional assessment provides a more detailed evaluation of the type and degree of malnutrition.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Laura Cano-Garcia, Sara Manrique-Arija, Carmen Dominguez-Quesada, Juan Crisostomo Vacas-Perez, Pedro J. J. Armenteros-Ortiz, Desire Ruiz-Vilchez, Jose Maria Martin-Martin, Rocio Redondo-Rodriguez, Aimara Garcia-Studer, Fernando Ortiz-Marquez, Natalia Mena-Vazquez, Antonio Fernandez-Nebro
Summary: The study aimed to describe the prevalence of sarcopenia in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients aged =65 years and identify the associated risk factors. The results showed that patients with RA had lower muscle mass and higher adiposity, especially in the central area. Male patients, those with longer disease duration, and poor nutritional status were more likely to develop sarcopenia.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elaine Chiu, Chris Oleynick, Maitreyi Raman, Barbara Bielawska
Summary: Malnutrition is common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, especially those admitted to the hospital. It can lead to various complications, but early screening and intervention can help mitigate the risks. Factors such as reduced oral food intake, inflammation, and surgical resections contribute to malnutrition, while inappropriate diet restrictions and post-hospital syndrome can worsen the condition during hospitalization.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Amine Benmassaoud, Davide Roccarina, Francesco Marcello Arico, Cilla Marta, Rossella Donghia, Gioacchino Leandro, Laura Iogna Prat, Mohamed Zuhair, Matthew North, Orla Kearney, John Ryan, Emmanuel A. Tsochatzis
Summary: This study investigated the impact of sex on the association between body composition and mortality in patients with cirrhosis assessed for liver transplantation. The results showed that male patients were susceptible to low muscle mass, while female patients were not. Future research should minimize sex-related bias and provide data for both male and female patients separately.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Randeep S. Jawa, Rajeev B. Patel, David H. Young
Summary: Geriatric patients in the ICU and on the ward face several nutritional challenges, including decreased muscle mass, impaired mobility, malnutrition, comorbidities, and frailty. It is important to conduct early nutritional screening, assess for malnutrition risk using tools like NRS2002 and NUTRIC, and initiate nutritional support. Evaluating muscle mass and initiating early mobility and muscle-strengthening programs are essential for improving outcomes in geriatric ICU patients.
CRITICAL CARE CLINICS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
A. Casirati, G. Vandoni, S. Della Valle, G. Greco, M. Platania, S. Colatruglio, L. Lalli, C. Gavazzi
Summary: The study found that malnutrition expressed as weight loss (WL) was more in agreement with sarcopenia recognized using CT than BIA method. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and identify the best methods for monitoring body composition during nutritional intervention and cancer therapies.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sergio Riso, Ombretta Para, Alessandro Collo, Mauro Campanini, Sara Rotunno, Gianmarco Giorgetti, Michela Zanetti, Dario Manfellotto
Summary: The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional management of internal medicine inpatients in Italy, identify critical issues, and propose practical solutions to improve nutritional treatment. The study found that screening for malnutrition, sarcopenia, and dysphagia was insufficient, and there was a lack of systematic involvement of clinical nutrition services. The authors proposed promoting the application of guidelines and improving awareness and sensitivity to nutritional management.