Review
Cell Biology
Yang Liu, Nijia Wang, Chiu-Wing Chan, Aiping Lu, Yuanyuan Yu, Ge Zhang, Kangning Ren
Summary: Aptamers, single-strand oligonucleotides with binding capability to specific target molecules, are increasingly used in analysis, diagnosis, and medical treatment. However, conventional SELEX methods have limitations, leading to restricted applications of aptamers. Microfluidic technologies offer promise for rapid and high throughput aptamer selection due to their low cost, high speed, and automation advantages.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Yuan Luo, Zhen Cao, Yifan Liu, Rong Zhang, Shijia Yang, Ning Wang, Qingyuan Shi, Jie Li, Shurong Dong, Chunhai Fan, Jianlong Zhao
Summary: DNA has shown great potential as an alternative for digital information storage but is currently hindered by high material cost, time consumption for data reading/writing, and lack of an integrated system. Microfluidics has emerged as a promising solution because of its ability to handle and process micro-scale fluid samples in a highly integrated manner. This review discusses recent efforts and advancements in applying microfluidics to DNA data storage, highlighting its potential and future directions for integration and real-life applications.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bao T. Le, Sibasish Paul, Katarzyna Jastrzebska, Heera Langer, Marvin H. Caruthers, Rakesh N. Veedu
Summary: Recent advances in drug development have shown successful clinical translations using synthetic antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs). However, challenges such as large-scale production, toxicity, localization, and high cost of treatment need to be addressed. Thiomorpholino oligonucleotides (TMOs) have emerged as a potential solution, as they can be synthesized using solid-phase oligonucleotide synthesis methodologies. This study demonstrates that TMOs can efficiently induce exon skipping in a Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) in vitro model and perform well at low concentrations, potentially improving the drug safety profile.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
A. N. Sinyakov, E. V. Kostina, D. E. Zaytsev, N. V. Chukanov, G. N. Kamaev, V. P. Bessmeltsev, V. V. Shelkovnikov, E. V. Vasil'ev
Summary: The photochemical activity of thiophene oxime esters and sulfonium salt tris[4-(4-acetyl phenyl)sulfanylphenyl]sulfonium tetrakis(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)boranuide (photoacid generator 290 [PAG 290]) was studied in a reaction forming a trityl cation. The quantum yields of photoacid phototransformation reactions and photodetritylation of 50-O-(4,40-dimethoxytrityl) thymidine were determined. These photoacids were successfully applied for microchip synthesis of oligonucleotides, with a yield of 94-96%.
JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Monica Far Brusatori, Daniel N. Duplat, Iterio Degli-Eredi, Lars Nielsen, Peter L. Tonning, Pau Castera, Nicolas Volet, Martijn J. R. Heck
Summary: The research team has achieved a narrow-linewidth laser by integrating InP active-passive platform with an integrated low-loss resonator on a generic foundry platform. This achievement opens up possibilities for hybrid integrated platforms in microwave photonics, with the potential for narrow-linewidth microwave signal generation.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shikha Thakur, Apurba Sinhari, Priti Jain, Hemant R. Jadhav
Summary: It is estimated that only 2% of disease-modifying proteins have a druggable site that can be targeted by approved clinical candidates. Therefore, there is a need to develop therapeutics that can mitigate diseases caused by both druggable and non-druggable proteins or enzymes. Oligonucleotide therapeutics (OT) have shown potential in this regard, as they have improved selectivity and fewer off-target effects compared to small molecules. This review provides an overview of the past and present of OTs, as well as the current efforts to develop future therapeutics. It also discusses the challenges and advancements in OT drug delivery and the emerging approach of personalized treatment for rare and fatal diseases.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Moon-Hyeok Lee, Simon Nellen, Francisco Soares, Martin Moehrle, Wolfgang Rehbein, Moritz Baier, Bjoern Globisch, Martin Schell
Summary: The study demonstrated a monolithically integrated photonic integrated circuit for terahertz spectroscopy with wide spectral bandwidth, including two grating DBR lasers and semiconductor optical amplifiers. The THz radiation generated by the PIC showed comparable results to commercial tunable laser sources.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuhei Nishizawa, Gaohong Tu, Daisuke Ogata, Kouichiro Miyauchi, Akihiro Ohkubo
Summary: In this study, modified bases that can recognize T-A base pairs were developed by introducing quinoline derivatives into antiparallel TFOs. The ability of these modified bases to form triplexes and discriminate between base pairs was evaluated.
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Julien Dugal-Tessier, Srinath Thirumalairajan, Nareshkumar Jain
Summary: This article summarizes the key technological advancements in the preparation of antibody-oligonucleotide conjugates (AOCs) and discusses the distinct advantages and disadvantages of AOCs as novel therapeutics. It evaluates the merits and demerits of different methods of conjugating oligonucleotides to antibodies, mainly focusing on AOC purification and analytical characterizations. Lessons learned from in vitro and in vivo studies, particularly findings related to silencing, trafficking, and cytotoxicity of the conjugates, are also summarized.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jiuxing Li, Zijie Zhang, Jimmy Gu, Ryan Amini, Alexandria G. Mansfield, Jianrun Xia, Dawn White, Hannah D. Stacey, Jann C. Ang, Gurpreet Panesar, Alfredo Capretta, Carlos D. M. Filipe, Karen Mossman, Bruno J. Salena, Jonathan B. Gubbay, Cynthia Balion, Leyla Soleymani, Matthew S. Miller, Deborah Yamamura, John D. Brennan, Yingfu Li
Summary: Researchers have discovered a new homotrimeric aptamer called TMSA52, which has excellent binding affinity and can bind to various SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variants. The study also showed that using TMSA52 as a probe in an enzyme-linked aptamer binding assay can sensitively detect different SARS-CoV-2 variants in human saliva samples.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Montek Boparai, Christopher Oberc, Paul C. H. Li
Summary: A cost-effective and facile method for detecting and differentiating the EML4-ALK fusion oncogene from the wild-type gene has been developed using DNA hybridization on a microfluidic biochip. The study demonstrates the ability to detect 1% fusion products among wild-type ones.
BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Wei Lei, Yue Zhang, Zengping Chen
Summary: In this study, we propose an improved method for generating false-target echo that meets the requirements of coherence, real-time, and accuracy. Our method utilizes the Inner Pulse Motion model to improve accuracy and reduces resource consumption through the convolution filtering in offline and real-time stages. Algorithm simulations and actual experiments verify the effectiveness of our method.
IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION
(2023)
Review
Spectroscopy
James Michael Sutton, Jaeah Kim, Noha M. El Zahar, Michael G. Bartlett
Summary: This review article provides background on the biological basis of oligonucleotides used in therapies, reviews the current state of analytical methodology, and summarizes the challenges and future perspectives for this emerging field.
MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Apresio K. Fajrial, Adam Vega, Gazendra Shakya, Xiaoyun Ding
Summary: The FRUGAL microfluidic pump is a low-cost and easy-to-operate system that can dynamically and stably control fluid flow, benefiting microfluidics assays and studies.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Xinyu Zhang, Qifei Du, Cheng Liu, Hao Zhang, Yue Ma, Yefei Li, Jinhuan Li
Summary: This article presents the design of an L-band frequency synthesizer using the HMC830 phase-locked loop chip. The synthesizer employs passive fourth-order RLC loop filter to improve output signal quality and reduce phase noise. The effects of this filter on phase noise, loop capture time, and spur suppression are analyzed and compared with a passive fourth-order RC loop filter.