Article
Neurosciences
Charannya Sozheesvari Subhramanyam, Qiong Cao, Cheng Wang, Zealyn Shi-Lin Heng, Zhihong Zhou, Qidong Hu
Summary: piRNAs can regulate neuronal gene expression during neuronal differentiation and interact with specific RNA-binding proteins, providing new avenues for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Sophie A. Nothof, Frederique Magdinier, Julien Van-Gils
Summary: In this review, we discuss the relationship between chromatin structure and post-translational histone modifications with neuronal differentiation, as well as the techniques for genome-wide analysis of histone modifications and the pathologies associated with the dysregulation of the epigenetic machinery.
Article
Cell Biology
Madhurima Das, Prasad Pethe
Summary: Retinoic acid is crucial for neuronal differentiation in hESCs, with RAR alpha and RAR gamma acting as positive regulators, while RAR beta functions as a negative regulator.
Review
Cell Biology
Hua-Zhe Zhang, Shuang-Li Hao, Wan-Xi Yang
Summary: Male sterility is a global health problem that has attracted widespread attention. Retinoic acid (RA), a metabolite of vitamin A, plays a crucial role in all stages of spermatogenesis, particularly in the early stages of spermatogonia differentiation and spermatocyte meiosis. RA regulates spermatogenesis through various factors and pathways to promote or inhibit sperm production. Future clinical applications of RA may include in vitro induction of stem cells, contraception, and restoration of spermatogenesis.
HISTOLOGY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marina Trombetta-Lima, Thais Assis-Ribas, Ricardo C. Cintra, Joana D. Campeiro, Juliano R. Guerreiro, Sheila M. B. Winnischofer, Isis C. C. Nascimento, Henning Ulrich, Mirian A. F. Hayashi, Mari C. Sogayar
Summary: Reck gene encodes a multifunctional glycoprotein that inhibits MMPs activity and modulates Notch and canonical Wnt pathways. Reck expression levels increase during in vitro neuronal differentiation, and its overexpression at early stages can diminish neuron-like cells positive for beta-3 tubulin. These findings emphasize the importance of evaluating Reck expression for optimizing in vitro neuronal differentiation protocols.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Izabela Suster, Yue Feng
Summary: miRNAs, small non-coding RNAs that silence genes, have been extensively studied in brain development, with focus on their regulation at transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. Imbalance of miRNAs in neuronal and glial cells is associated with developmental brain disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Christoph Eilenberger, Mario Rothbauer, Konstanze Brandauer, Sarah Spitz, Eva-Kathrin Ehmoser, Seta Kuepcue, Peter Ertl
Summary: Stem cell technology and embryonic stem cell models are crucial for studying neurogenesis and early brain development. However, the lack of standardization and comparability in the establishment of embryoid bodies (EBs) hinders the broader application of stem cell technology. This study focuses on optimizing differentiation protocols and the size of EBs to enhance the reliability of neurodevelopmental in vitro models.
Article
Cell Biology
Shouyun Li, Xue Yang, Shuang Liu, Yirui Chen, Haiyan Xing, Kejing Tang, Zheng Tian, Yingxi Xu, Qing Rao, Min Wang, Jianxiang Wang
Summary: The study found that expression of TR in mouse hematopoietic progenitors induces blockade of differentiation with enhanced proliferative capacity in vitro and established a new mouse leukemia model that more accurately recapitulates human APL. Despite sensitivity to ATRA-induced cell differentiation, neither ATRA monotherapy nor combination with As2O3 confers survival benefit to TR mice, consistent with poor clinical outcomes of APL patients with the TR fusion gene. Based on histone deacetylation phenotypes implied by bioinformatic analysis, HDAC inhibitors demonstrated significant survival superiority in the survival of TR mice, providing insights into clinical efficacy against rare types of APL.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ane Nishitha Vijayan, Aishwarya Satish, Poornima Balan, Purna Sai Korrapati
Summary: This study evaluated the expression of scaffold protein CULLIN2 in neuronal cells and found that it plays a crucial role in nerve differentiation and regeneration.
NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Samiksha Sardana, Anneroos E. Nederstigt, Marc P. Baggelaar
Summary: S-palmitoylation is a lipid modification that plays a role in neuronal development and neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, two methods were used to identify S-palmitoylated proteins and sites during neuronal differentiation. A subset of high-confidence S-palmitoylated proteins were identified, suggesting an important role for S-palmitoylation in neuronal differentiation.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Lourdes Sainero-Alcolado, Muhammad Mushtaq, Judit Liano-Pons, Aida Rodriguez-Garcia, Ye Yuan, Tong Liu, Maria Victoria Ruiz-Perez, Susanne Schlisio, Oscar Bedoya-Reina, Marie Arsenian-Henriksson
Summary: This study demonstrates that the simultaneous activation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) promotes neuronal differentiation, reduces cell viability, and decreases tumor burden in neuroblastoma. This combination therapy leads to metabolic reprogramming and lipid droplet accumulation. Additionally, the sequential expression of ER alpha, GR, and retinoic acid receptor alpha (RAR alpha) during adrenal gland development is observed. Patients with higher combined expression of GR, ER alpha, and RAR alpha mRNA have elevated expression of neuronal differentiation markers and a favorable outcome.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Duo-Meng Yang, Ting-Ting Geng, Andrew G. Harrison, Peng-Hua Wang
Summary: MDA5 is identified as the primary sensor for SARS-CoV-2, while RIG-I plays an anti-viral role in epithelial cells. Deficiencies in MDA5, RIG-I, or MAVS enhance viral replication.
MILITARY MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Reza Karimi-Soflou, Akbar Karkhaneh, Iman Shabani
Summary: This study successfully prepared nanoparticles with tunable size and accurately controlled physico-biological properties for efficient neuronal differentiation of stem cells. The nanoparticles, made from amphiphilic chitosan oligosaccharide-cholesterol copolymers, were self-assembled into spherical micelles in a microfluidic chip. Retinoic acid was encapsulated in the core of the micelles, which could escape lysosome, accumulate in the cytoplasm, and release the drug in a sustained pattern. The nanoparticles showed desirable safety and cellular uptake via lipid-raft endocytosis, leading to upregulated expression levels of neuronal factors.
BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Chris M. Bunce, Farhat L. Khanim, Mark T. Drayson
Summary: Despite significant investments, translational medical research still faces challenges, and patients and doctors often feel frustrated. This paper discusses the history of revolutionary innovations in the treatment of hematological cancers, and raises questions about the governance of medical research and the alignment of scientific advancement and patient needs.
BLOOD CANCER JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Monica G. dos Santos, Jose R. Gomes, Michele D. M. Costa
Summary: This manuscript provides a brief overview of recent studies that have used protocols to promote neurodifferentiation in SH-SY5Y and Neuro2a cell lines. The results validate the effectiveness of differentiation through acquired morphology and neuronal markers and provide guidance for future research on neuronal differentiation.
CELL BIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)