Article
Microbiology
Hui Li, Wenqian Li, Shuangling Zhang, Manman Qiu, Zhuoran Li, Yongquan Lin, Juan Tan, Wentao Qiao
Summary: This study reveals the interaction between the upregulated host protein GADD34 and EV71 and provides insights into the mechanisms by which EV71 non-structural precursor protein 3CD regulates host protein expression. GADD34 is important for EV71 replication, and its key functional domains, PEST 1, 2, and 3 regions, promote EV71 replication. Additionally, GADD34 is found to promote viral IRES independently of its eIF2α phosphatase activity.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Virology
Xiaohui Zhao, Huijun Yuan, Hang Yang, Yan Liu, Meng Xun, Xiaozhen Li, Tingting Fan, Bo Wu, Shangrui Guo, Hongliang Wang
Summary: EV71 is a common pathogen causing hand, foot, and mouth disease in young children, and it is associated with severe neurological complications. This study found that the ER-resident acetyltransferase NAT8 is a host factor for EV71 infection and promotes viral replication by interacting with viral proteins.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Jiqin Sun, Xiaoyao Ma, Lishan Sun, Yang Zhang, Cui Hao, Wei Wang
Summary: In this study, the anti-EV71 activities and mechanisms of Proanthocyanidins (PC), a natural flavonoid compound, were investigated. The results showed that PC can block the adsorption and entry processes of EV71 by directly binding to virus VP1 protein. PC can also regulate three different MAPK signaling pathways to reduce EV71 infection and attenuate virus induced inflammatory responses. Importantly, intramuscular therapy of EV71-infected mice with PC markedly improved their survival and attenuated the severe clinical symptoms. Therefore, PC has potential to be developed into a novel anti-EV71 agent targeting viral VP1 protein and MAPK pathways.
Article
Microbiology
Jia-Ying Lu, Gary Brewer, Mei-Ling Li, Kai-Zhe Lin, Chien-Chih Huang, Li-Chen Yen, Jing-Yi Lin
Summary: The study investigates the formation of replication organelles by picornaviruses using enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) as a model. SCAMP3, a host protein, associates with viral 3A protein and plays a critical role in viral RNA synthesis and replication. Additionally, the interaction between 3A protein and SCAMP3 positively regulates enterovirus replication and involves the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ammar M. Hassanbhai, Meng Chee Phoon, Vincent T. Chow, Bow Ho
Summary: This study investigates the interactions between enterovirus 71 (EV71) and the biofilm formed by Helicobacter pylori. The results show that the H. pylori biofilm can prolong the survival of EV71 and the quantity of biofilm formation affects the viability of the virus. This suggests that the H. pylori biofilm may serve as an additional pathway for EV71 transmission.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Shanshan Fan, Zihang Xu, Pengfei Liu, Yali Qin, Mingzhou Chen
Summary: Several viruses inhibit the formation of RNA processing bodies, including enterovirus 71, which relies on its 2A protease to block P-body formation and promote viral replication. The interaction between DDX6 and viral RNA also facilitates viral replication.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Rui Zhang, Jing Chen, Ruidong Zi, Lin Ji, Jingping Hu, Zhiwei Wu, Yuxuan Fu
Summary: This study finds that autophagy response contributes to the packaging of EV71 viral genome into exosomes, playing a crucial role in viral spreading. Inhibition of autophagosomes-MVBs fusion can abolish the sorting of viral RNA into exosomes.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Su Thandar Hlaing, Potjanee Srimanote, Pongsri Tongtawe, Onruedee Khantisitthiporn, Kittirat Glab-ampai, Monrat Chulanetra, Jeeraphong Thanongsaksrikul
Summary: In this study, specific regions of the EV-A71 IRES were identified and used to select a single-chain antibody that binds specifically to the IRES. Molecular docking analysis revealed the specific amino acid residues involved in the interaction between the antibody and the IRES. This antibody has the potential to be used as a tool to study the biology of the EV-A71 RNA genome.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Yongzhe Zhu, Xiaohang Wang, Zhiwei He, Ping Zhao, Hao Ren, Zhongtian Qi
Summary: Infection of the central nervous system caused by enterovirus 71 (EV71) in hand-foot-and-mouth disease is the main cause of death. This study identified a new pathway by which EV71 enters human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) and showed its dependence on ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6). Inhibition of ARF6 reduced EV71 infectivity in HBMECs and a specific inhibitor of ARF6 alleviated EV71 infection mortality in mice.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Virology
Subrat Kumar Swain, Subhasmita Panda, Basanta Pravas Sahu, Rachita Sarangi
Summary: This study aims to investigate the interaction between viral ligands and host receptors, the activation of immune-related signaling pathways, and the involvement of cytokines during host-pathogen interaction. The study also examines the roles of viral proteins and interferons.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wujing Dai, Han Qu, Jack Zhang, Angkana Thongkum, Thai Nho Dinh, Kyle Kappeler, Qin M. Chen
Summary: Oxidative stress triggers de novo translation of Nrf2 protein in cells, with FUBP1 playing a regulatory role. FUBP1 promotes the attachment of 40S ribosomal subunit to Nrf2 mRNA and formation of 43S pre-initiation complex for translation initiation of Nrf2 protein under oxidative stress.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haojie Hao, Weichi Liu, Yuanjiu Miao, Li Ma, Baocheng Yu, Lishi Liu, Chunjie Yang, Kui Zhang, Zhen Chen, Jingwen Yang, Zhenhua Zheng, Bo Zhang, Fei Deng, Peng Gong, Jianhui Yuan, Zhangli Hu, Wuxiang Guan
Summary: Chemical modification of RNA plays a crucial role in its function and metabolism. This study identified that N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) modification of the enterovirus 71 (EV71) genome by NAT10, a host acetyltransferase, is essential for viral replication. ac4C enhances viral translation and stability, and facilitates the binding of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase to viral RNA. Moreover, a mutant EV71 lacking ac4C showed reduced pathogenicity in vivo. These findings uncover the importance of ac4C in EV71 infection and provide insights into potential antiviral treatments.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Yu-Siang Su, Lih-Hwa Hwang, Chi-Ju Chen
Summary: The study demonstrated the integral role of HSPA6 in EV-A71 infection as a positive regulator, showcasing its impact on viral protein production and virion assembly, specifically through the regulation of IRES-mediated translation.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Alexis Bouin, Michelle N. Vu, Ali Al-Hakeem, Genevieve P. Tran, Joseph H. C. Nguyen, Bert L. Semler
Summary: Group B enteroviruses, including coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), can persistently infect cardiac tissue and cause dilated cardiomyopathy. 5' terminal deletions of viral genomic RNAs have been detected in persistently infected patients, and our study showed that these deletions decreased the levels of viral proteinase activity and synthesis of viral protein and RNA. However, a cooperative interaction was observed when full-length and terminally deleted forms were cotransfected into cardiomyocytes, leading to increased viral production.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yuya Wang, Kena Dan, Xiaoling Xue, Xiongbo Yang, Xujiao Feng, Qingqing Yang, Jing Yang, Bangtao Chen
Summary: Our study found that gut-derived translocating LPS contributes to the severity of EV-A71-induced HFMD by driving inflammatory response and viral proliferation via viral 2A(pro)-mediated IRES. In severe HFMD cases, inflammatory mediators and BT-related biomarkers were significantly elevated compared to mild cases. The circulating concentrations of LPS and sCD14 in severe HFMD group showed statistical correlations with inflammation indices, and serum levels of EV-A71 VP1 were positively correlated with serum LPS and sCD14 levels.