Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Adeline Marro, Louis Hauvette, Sandra Borderie, Jon Mosar
Summary: The study presents a new 2D kinematic forward model for the westernmost Internal Jura fold-and-thrust belt, which provides new insights into its kinematic evolution. The model suggests a pure thin-skinned style dominated by forward stepping deformation and minor back-stepping thrust sequences. Multiple thrust horizons and decollements are found within different layers in the Jura FTB.
SWISS JOURNAL OF GEOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Luca Smeraglia, Olivier Fabbri, Flavien Choulet
Summary: The study explored the subsurface structural styles of the Jura fold-and-thrust belt in eastern France by combining geological mapping, cross-section balancing, and 2D-kinematic forward modeling. The results revealed mixed structural styles in the region, with similarities to other fold-and-thrust belts characterized by thick salt-bearing basal detachments and multiple detachment horizons within the sedimentary sequence. The findings can serve as a benchmark for comparing structural styles in similar fold-and-thrust belts.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Christopher D. Connors, Amanda N. Hughes, Stephen M. Ball
Summary: The approach presented offers a numerical modeling method for fault-bend folding based on a velocity description, capable of simulating a variety of complex geometries and velocity boundary orientations. It can replicate features observed in natural structures and provide deeper insights into the formation of these structures. The method allows for area conservation and reproduces common characteristics of contractional and extensional fault-bend folds.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Ming Hao, Yuhang Li, Qingliang Wang, Wenquan Zhuang, Wei Qu
Summary: The eastern margin of the western Qinling Mountains features a series of NEE-trending faults with right-lateral strike slip; crustal deformation in the area may be governed by a NNE-trending right-lateral shear zone. The outward expansion of the Tibetan Plateau is influenced primarily by the NNE-ward expansion of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau.
SURVEYS IN GEOPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Robotics
Francesco Cursi, Weibang Bai, Weiyi Li, Eric M. Yeatman, Petar Kormushev
Summary: This article presents a novel feedforward Artificial Neural network (ANN) architecture for learning full robot pose in SE(3), incorporating differential relationships in the learning process. The proposed network is capable of properly modeling the robot pose and has advantages over standard ANN.
IEEE ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Zhen-xin Zhu, Jian-xin Zhu, Hui-mei Kang, Huan-yun Qian
Summary: This paper introduces a 2-DOF luffing mechanism and validates its dynamic model through simulations and experiments. A specific control strategy is proposed, which provides a reference for the design and application of construction machinery.
JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Sebastian Grohmann, W. Susanne Fietz, Fadi H. Nader, Maria-Fernanda Romero-Sarmiento, Francois Baudin, Ralf Littke
Summary: Stratigraphic forward modelling was used to simulate the deposition of Upper Cretaceous, Eocene and Oligo-Miocene source rocks in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, showing that the source rocks in Upper Cretaceous and Eocene are mainly located along the Levant Margin and the Eratosthenes Seamount, while the Oligo-Miocene intervals have terrestrial organic matter contributing the most to the TOC content throughout the basin. The study also identified thermal maturation zones and petroleum generation timings in the respective source rock intervals.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Siyuan Zhao, Simon McClusky, Phil R. Cummins, Meghan S. Miller, Hendro Nugroho
Summary: In this study, the motion of tectonic units within the Indonesia-Australia-New Guinea collision zone was estimated using GPS measurements and earthquake data. By considering the entire zone from west to east, a new model for the development of the Cenderawasih Bay in north-central New Guinea was established, providing greater insight into changes in the tectonic regime through the center of the collision zone.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Yuhu Yang, Guocheng Zhou, Le Chang, Gang Chen
Summary: This study presents an analytical error modeling method for RV reducer with an over-constrained structure, establishing relationships between original errors and transmission precision. By decoupling over-constrained relations among multi-crank actuations, the proposed equivalent multi-loop mechanism provides a new idea for error modeling and component accuracy design for RV reducers and other precision gear systems. The model is validated with prototype test results, investigating the influence of original errors.
MECHANISM AND MACHINE THEORY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Justin Murfitt, Claude Duguay, Ghislain Picard, Grant Gunn
Summary: Lake ice is important for local communities and can indicate climate change. Satellite remote sensing data is increasingly used due to reduced ground observations. This study models lake ice properties using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and snow microwave radiative transfer (SMRT) model. The results reveal the impact of ice properties on backscatter throughout the ice season and the possibility of developing retrieval algorithms for ice-water interface roughness.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Vladislava Kosova, Mario Molokac, Vladimir Cech, Milos Jesensky
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive assessment of avalanche risk in the Kral'ova hol'a area in Slovakia's Low Tatra Mountains using GIS and the RAMMS simulation model. The results contribute to the updating of the avalanche cadastre map for the area.
Article
Mathematics
Cozmin Cristoiu, Mario Ivan, Ionut Gabriel Ghionea, Cristina Pupaza
Summary: This paper proposes a method for creating simplified structural schemes and forward geometric models for industrial robots in order to reduce thermal deformation errors and improve positioning accuracy. The method introduces modifications to matrix multiplication order and incorporates new parameters for a forward geometric model that better corresponds to the deformation characteristics of these robots. The implementation of the algorithm in a software application along with experimental results demonstrate its effectiveness in improving robot performance in manufacturing applications.
Article
Geography
Mateusz Szczech, Marek Cieszkowski
Summary: The studied area in the south-western part of the Gorce Mountains is dominated by flysch deposits representing the Krynica and Bystrica Subunits of the Magura Nappe. The geological investigations resulted in the creation of a geological map and highlighted the presence of multiple folds and transverse and oblique faults in the area. The high-resolution digital elevation model significantly contributed to the progress of the research.
Article
Geology
Haiwei Xi, Peter M. Burgess, Estanislao Kozlowski, David W. Hunt, Alexandra Jurkiw, Isabella Masiero
Summary: Microbialites are an important component of Earth's history and understanding their morphology and distribution is crucial for studying the long-term history of life and environment. This study investigates the complex controls on microbialite formation using a numerical model that considers factors such as substrate topography, hydrodynamic conditions, and sedimentation rates. The results show that the interaction between microbialite growth and water flow affects the morphology of microbialites, resulting in distinct shapes. The modeled morphologies closely resemble observed microbialite formations in modern marine environments, validating the model's realism and potential usefulness in field interpretations.
SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Hua Du, Qi Han, Bauke de Vries
Summary: This paper provides a systematic review of the influences and modelling of Energy-Efficient Renovation (EER) adoption and diffusion, highlighting the significant factors of socio-economics, housing, social influences, and environmental attitudes in EER adoption. Agent-Based Modelling (ABM) is emphasized for adoption decision-making and energy efficiency diffusion in EER.
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Sandro Truttmann, Marco Herwegh, Guido Schreurs, Andreas Ebert, Sibylla Hardmeier
Summary: The retreat of the Great Aletsch Glacier has led to the development of one of the largest active deep-seated landslides in the European Alps - the Moosfluh landslide. Through a multi-method approach, the study successfully assessed the influence of pre-existing structures on the landslide deformation processes, revealing that the landslide is mainly caused by toppling processes and influenced by various factors.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Omar M. A. Radaideh, Jon Mosar
Summary: The combined study of paleostress and geomorphic analyses reveals a multiphase deformation history in the region around the Pontarlier strike-slip fault zone, characterized by strike-slip and extensional/compressional stress regimes. Geomorphic clues, such as anomalous zones of high gradient and right-lateral offset of river channels, provide new insights into Late Cenozoic strike-slip reactivation of inherited extensional structures. The lack of outcrop of Cenozoic rocks in the region makes this complementary approach essential for unraveling the tectonic evolution.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Marc Schori, Frank Zwaan, Guido Schreurs, Jon Mosar
Summary: The pre-existing faults in the mechanical basement play a crucial role in controlling deformation in thin-skinned fold-and-thrust belts. The presence of basement steps leads to deformation localization and influences the evolution of structures. These findings provide insights into the deformation processes of the Earth's crust.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jean-Charles Schaegis, Valentin Rime, Tesfaye Kidane, Jon Mosar, Ermias Filfilu Gebru, Balemwal Atnafu, Anneleen Foubert
Summary: Lake Afdera is a hypersaline endorheic lake located in the Danakil Depression, with an average depth of 20.9 m and a total volume of 2.4 km(3). It is the deepest known lake in Afar and the lowest point in the Danakil Depression. The lake is part of two transfer zones and shows evidence of an incipient transform fault in the Afar depression.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Frank Zwaan, Pauline Chenin, Duncan Erratt, Gianreto Manatschal, Guido Schreurs
Summary: The combination of mantle and crustal weaknesses can create complex rift structures, while changes in divergence rates affect the degree of coupling and surface expressions of deformation. Changes in divergence directions impact the evolution of structures during rifting.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Timothy C. Schmid, Guido Schreurs, Jurgen Adam
Summary: This study investigates and quantifies the effect of divergence velocity gradient on normal fault growth and rift propagation towards a rotation pole using analogue models. The results show that normal fault growth under rotational extension occurs in stages, with segmented rifting activity and along-strike migration of active faulting. The inward migration is delayed in models with higher divergence velocities, but other observations remain similar. The findings provide insights into fault growth and rift propagation in rotational rifts.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jon Mosar, Jeremiah Mauvilly, Kakhaber Koiava, Irakli Gamkrelidze, Nikolay Enna, Vladimir Lavrishev, Vera Kalberguenova
Summary: The Greater Caucasus doubly-vergent orogenic system originated from the collision between the Neotethys Ocean and the Eurasian continent, forming a bivergent orogenic wedge. The pro-wedge is located in the Transcaucasian Kartli foreland fold-and-thrust belt, while the retro-wedge is located in the North Caucasian Terek-Sunzha foreland fold-and-thrust belt.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Timothy Chris Schmid, Guido Schreurs, Juergen Adam
Summary: Research has shown that in the evolution of continental rifts, the lower parts of the warm, thick continental crust can flow in a ductile manner to accommodate the thinning of the upper brittle crust. This flow pattern includes extension-parallel horizontal inward flow and vertical upward flow to compensate for the thinning of the brittle upper crustal layer, as well as rift-axis parallel lateral flow that compensates for greater amounts of thinning further away from the rotation axis. The mechanical coupling between the brittle and viscous layers also changes during rift propagation.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2022)
Article
Archaeology
Christoph Nitsche, Guido Schreurs, Vincent Serneels
Summary: The production of lathe-turned tripod vessels made from softstone by the Rasikajy population in northern Madagascar is a significant feature. This study analyzed the petrology of the raw material and revealed significant mineralogical and chemical variations among different quarries. These findings have important implications for the provenance study of softstones.
JOURNAL OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
F. Zwaan, G. Schreurs
Summary: Rifting and continental break-up are fundamental processes in tectonics, but studying them is challenging due to the large temporal and spatial scales involved. We propose a novel method for modeling lithospheric-scale rifting, which combines X-ray CT scanning with digital image correlation techniques to monitor and gain insights into model deformation.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Frank Zwaan, Guido Schreurs
Summary: The East African Rift System (EARS) is a significant tectonic feature that splits the African continent between the Nubian Plate and the Somalian Plate. This study uses analogue models to explore the dynamic evolution of the EARS within a rotational-rifting framework. The models show that rotational rifting leads to lateral propagation of deformation, resulting in the southward propagation of the EARS. The arrangement of structural weaknesses in the models leads to various structures and the localization of rift basins.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Timothy Chris Schmid, Sascha Brune, Anne Glerum, Guido Schreurs
Summary: Continental rifts evolve through the linkage and interaction of adjacent individual segments. The propagation of rift segments can cause significant re-orientation of the local stress field, which in turn affects the deformation and deflection of propagating rift segments. Numerical and analog experiments show that stress re-orientation and segment linkage can lead to counterintuitive rift deflection, as observed in nature. Our results highlight the close link between strain localization, stress re-orientation, and rift deflection, suggesting their importance in understanding continental rifting processes.
Review
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Frank Zwaan, Guido Schreurs, Susanne J. H. Buiter, Oriol Ferrer, Riccardo Reitano, Michael Rudolf, Ernst Willingshofer
Summary: Basin inversion is the reversal of subsidence in a basin due to compressional tectonic forces, and it is highly important for scientific, societal, and economic reasons. Analogue tectonic modelling plays a key role in studying basin inversion, and this review paper summarizes the advances and challenges in analogue modelling of basin inversion, as well as the opportunities for future research.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Frank Zwaan, Pauline Chenin, Duncan Erratt, Gianreto Manatschal, Guido Schreurs
Summary: The study used analogue models to investigate the interaction between different oriented weaknesses in the crust and mantle. It was found that crustal weaknesses typically express themselves first at the surface, forming grabens parallel to their orientation, while the influence of mantle weaknesses becomes dominant later. The extension direction has minimal control on rift trends, and present-day rift orientations are not always indicative of past extension directions.