Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Patrick Barnes, Zachary Johnson, Aaron Pierce, Bibhushan Shakya
Summary: This study shows that weak-scale secluded sector dark matter can reproduce the observed dark matter relic density through thermal freeze-out in that sector. In the case of supersymmetry, three portals connect the visible sector to the secluded sector - a gauge portal, a Higgs portal, and a gaugino portal. The results suggest that symmetries in the secluded sector can stabilize dark matter, making R-parity unnecessary.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Xingchen Xu, Glennys Farrar
Summary: Traditional dark matter models assume weak coupling between dark matter and the standard model, allowing for perturbative description of elastic scattering. However, we find that when the interaction between dark matter and baryons is attractive, nonperturbative effects arise. These effects significantly impact exclusion regions from direct detection and other constraints, highlighting the importance of accurately considering the extended size of nuclei and performing exact integrations.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yasar Hicyilmaz, Levent Selbuz, Levent Solmaz, Cem Salih Un
Summary: We study a type of U(1)'-extended minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (MSSM) in which the U(1)' symmetry breaking is achieved by vacuum expectation values of four MSSM singlet fields. The U(1)' charges are assigned to the three families in a universal way, and to satisfy the anomaly cancellation condition, heavy and decoupled exotic fields are introduced. We discuss different charge assignments, anomaly cancellation, Z'/Z hierarchy, neutralinos, charginos, and the Higgs sector. The typical spectra contain two CP-odd Higgs bosons, predominantly composed of MSSM singlet fields, with masses below 200 GeV and 600 GeV, respectively. The relic density of dark matter can be saturated by neutralinos, where the LSP neutralinos are predominantly formed by MSSM singlet fields below 600 GeV, while MSSM neutralino LSP can be realized above this mass scale. We classify the implications into three scenarios: Scenario I involves NLSP charginos, Scenario II involves charginos that do not participate in coannihilation processes with the LSP neutralino, and Scenario III involves MSSM neutralinos with large scattering cross sections excluded by direct detection experiments.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nicole F. Bell, James B. Dent, Isaac W. Sanderson
Summary: Indirect detection of dark matter captured in the Sun and subsequently annihilated to long-lived mediators can produce striking gamma ray signals, as determined by recent measurements from the HAWC Observatory. Limits on heavy dark matter are found to be orders of magnitude more powerful than direct detection experiments, with consideration given to a well-motivated model in which dark matter annihilates to dark photons. Solar gamma ray constraints enable exclusion of previously unconstrained regions of dark photon parameter space, despite reductions in strength compared to ideal cases.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Javier F. Acevedo, Joseph Bramante, Alan Goodman
Summary: Researchers have identified a new dynamic between dark matter and nuclei, where nuclei accelerated to MeV energies by the internal potential of composite dark matter can undergo nuclear fusion. Simple models of composite dark matter made of heavy fermions bound by a light scalar field show that nuclei can lead to bremsstrahlung radiation from scattering against electrons in hot plasma formed in the composite interior. If discovered and collected, this composite dark matter could potentially serve as a compact nuclear fusion generator.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nicole F. Bell, James B. Dent, Bhaskar Dutta, Sumit Ghosh, Jason Kumar, Jayden L. Newstead, Ian M. Shoemaker
Summary: This work extends the cosmic-ray dark matter formalism to models of inelastic dark matter, allowing previously inaccessible regions of the mass-splitting parameter space to be probed. Conventional direct detection of nonrelativistic halo dark matter is limited by mass splittings, but including the effect of cosmic-ray upscattering can significantly expand the detection reach to lower dark matter mass.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yonatan Kahn, Gordan Krnjaic, Bashi Mandava
Summary: Dark matter scattering with nuclei in solid-state systems can produce elastic nuclear recoil at high energies and single-phonon excitation at low energies. By studying a simplified model, it is found that low-threshold calorimetric detectors may have increased sensitivity to sub-GeV dark matter, providing insight into experimental milestones for cosmological dark matter production.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Priyotosh Bandyopadhyay, Manimala Mitra, Rojalin Padhan, Abhishek Roy, Michael Spannowsky
Summary: In this study, we examine the gauged B-L model with an extended secluded dark sector, where the lightest Z(2)-odd particle serves as the dark matter candidate. We analyze the various production processes contributing to the dark matter relic abundance and classify them into two scenarios, discussing the dependence of dark matter relic abundance on model parameters. Additionally, we investigate the potential discovery of the BSM Higgs through invisible Higgs decay searches.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Akash Dixit, Srivatsan Chakram, Kevin He, Ankur Agrawal, Ravi K. Naik, David Schuster, Aaron Chou
Summary: A novel microwave photon counting technique has been developed and a new exclusion limit on hidden photon dark matter has been proposed. By repeatedly making quantum nondemolition measurements of cavity photons with a superconducting qubit and applying hidden Markov model analysis, noise has been reduced to 15.7 dB below the quantum limit, enhancing sensitivity to the dark matter signal.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alexander J. Millar, Steven M. Anlage, Rustam Balafendiev, Pavel Belov, Karl van Bibber, Jan Conrad, Marcel Demarteau, Alexander Droster, Katherine Dunne, Andrea Gallo Rosso, Jon E. Gudmundsson, Heather Jackson, Gagandeep Kaur, Tove Klaesson, Nolan Kowitt, Matthew Lawson, Alexander Leder, Akira Miyazaki, Sid Morampudi, Hiranya V. Peiris, Henrik S. Roising, Gaganpreet Singh, Dajie Sun, Jacob H. Thomas, Frank Wilczek, Stafford Withington, Mackenzie Wooten, Jens Dilling, Michael Febbraro, Stefan Knirck, Claire Marvinney
Summary: This article summarizes the recent progress of the Axion Longitudinal Plasma Haloscope (ALPHA) Consortium, a new experimental collaboration to build a plasma haloscope for the detection of axions and dark photons. ALPHA aims to discover dark matter and resolve the strong CP problem by developing a novel plasma haloscope method. Unlike traditional cavity haloscopes, plasma haloscopes utilize a wire metamaterial to create a tuneable artificial plasma frequency, enabling stronger signals. The authors develop the theoretical foundations of plasma haloscopes and discuss recent experimental progress, outlining a baseline design for ALPHA that could potentially discover QCD axions over a wide parameter space.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Wenyu Wang, Ke-Yun Wu, Lei Wu, Bin Zhu
Summary: Motivated by the constraints on spin-independent dark matter (DM)-nucleus scattering, this study investigates the spin-dependent interactions of light Majorana DM with nuclei mediated by an axial-vector boson. The exclusion limits on spin-dependent DM-nucleus scattering are derived using existing ionization data, with a lower limit on DM mass reaching several MeVs. The presence of a light mediator weakens the bounds on spin-dependent DM-nucleus scattering cross sections compared to a heavy mediator.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jack Manley, Mitul Dey Chowdhury, Daniel Grin, Swati Singh, Dalziel J. Wilson
Summary: Researchers consider using optomechanical accelerometers as resonant detectors for ultralight dark matter, with specific examples involving silicon nitride membranes fixed to beryllium mirrors forming optical cavities. Different materials provide access to forces proportional to baryon (B) and lepton (L) charge, while the cavity enables quantum-limited displacement measurements. The analysis suggests that sensitivity to vector B - L dark matter may exceed current experiments under certain conditions.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Qing-Hong Cao, Ran Ding, Qian-Fei Xiang
Summary: In this study, constraints on the scattering of boosted light dark matter particles and electrons are derived from the XENON100/1T experiment, highlighting the importance of the energy dependence of the cross section in improving detection sensitivity and complementarity between direct detection and other experiments.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
G. Lambiase, G. Papini
Summary: In this study, we discuss the interaction between axions-like particles (ALP) and superfluids, specifically superconductors. We determine that an induced topologically singular Berry phase contributes to the creation of string-like structures similar to vortices in superfluids. We propose measuring the currents generated by the Berry phase of ALP axions as a means to study low mass regions of the ALP spectrum that would otherwise be unobservable.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yen-Hsun Lin, Wen-Hua Wu, Meng-Ru Wu, Henry Tsz-King Wong
Summary: A novel analysis is conducted to study the interactions between dark matter and standard model particles using time-of-flight (TOF) information. Dark matter with mass m chi less than or similar to O(MeV) can be boosted to relativistic speed by supernova neutrinos. These boosted dark matter particles arrive on Earth with a TOF that depends only on their mass and is independent of the cross section. They can interact with detector targets in low-background experiments and manifest as afterglow events. The TOF spectra of these events can lead to significant background suppression and enable accurate determination of the dark matter mass.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Bogdan Damski
Summary: In this paper, we discuss the dynamics of field configurations in the Proca theory of the real massive vector field, specifically focusing on a certain class of electric (magnetic) dipole-charged states. We construct these states to ensure that the long-distance structure of the mean electromagnetic field is initially set by the formula describing the electromagnetic field of the electric (magnetic) dipole. We analyze the evolution of this mean electromagnetic field over time and observe the phenomena of harmonic oscillations of the electric (magnetic) dipole moment far from the center of the initial field configuration, as well as the emergence of a spherical shock wave propagating at the speed of light near the center. Additionally, we discover a unique axisymmetric mean electric field configuration accompanying the mean magnetic field in magnetic dipole-charged states.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Brett McInnes
Summary: The time-dependence of AdS black hole interior geometries poses challenges to holographic duality and the traversability of wormholes. Quantum circuit complexity of strongly coupled matter can address the first challenge. Data from a phenomenological model show an upper bound on the complexity growth rate, which becomes stricter with the addition of angular momentum. The slowing of black hole interior dynamics at high specific angular momentum also occurs.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
M. Beccaria, S. Giombi, A. A. Tseytlin
Summary: This article investigates the superconformal index Z of the 6d (2,0) theory on S5 x S1 and describes it using the quantum M2 brane theory in the large N limit. By studying M2 branes in a twisted product of thermal AdS7 and S4, the leading non-perturbative term at large N is shown to be reproduced by the 1-loop partition function of an instanton M2 brane wrapped on S1 x S2 with S2 c S4. Similarly, the partition function of a defect M2 brane wrapped on thermal AdS3 c AdS7 reproduces the BPS Wilson loop expectation value in the (2,0) theory. The article also comments on the analogy of these results with similar computations in the quantum M2 brane partition function in AdS4 x S7/DOUBLE-STRUCK CAPITAL Zk, which reproduced the corresponding localization expressions in the ABJM 3d gauge theory.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Carlos Silva
Summary: This paper explores the nature of spacetime in quantum gravity based on a new version of the holographic principle that establishes a connection between string theory and polymer holonomy structures. The research findings suggest that, for this relationship to hold, spacetime must be perceived as emerging from a fundamental structure with degrees of freedom corresponding to quantum correlations only.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
A. Senol, H. Denizli, C. Helveci
Summary: This study investigates new physics using a Monte Carlo method, and the results show stronger limitations on anomalous quartic gauge couplings compared to previous experiments.