Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Martino Marelli, Silvano Molendi, Mariachiara Rossetti, Fabio Gastaldello, David Salvetti, Andrea De Luca, Iacopo Bartalucci, Patrick Kuehl, Paolo Esposito, Simona Ghizzardi, Andrea Tiengo
Summary: The study focused on the EPIC/pn camera background, revealing a significant contribution from cosmic-ray interactions to the non-concentrated background. A constant component unaffected by the solar cycle was identified as a major source of the non-concentrated background. The findings provide important insights for future X-ray missions and suggest the potential impact of a high-energy particle monitor on improving background reproducibility in experiments.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hao Li, Zhaowei Teng, Min Zhou, Tao Ji, Yang Yue, Hui Ying Yang, Jianbei Qiu, Qingyuan Wang, Xuhui Xu, Xue Yu
Summary: Researchers have developed an organic metal halide scintillator that can address the light scattering issue in X-ray imaging. This scintillator has thermoplastic characteristics and can be used as an adhesive paint, fundamentally solving the problem of light scattering. It has good processability and recyclability, making it suitable for the development of low-cost X-ray detectors and imagers.
ACS MATERIALS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Petr Smolyanskiy, Petr Burian, Mateusz Sitarz, Benedikt Bergmann
Summary: The response of Timepix3 detectors with HR GaAs:Cr sensors of different thicknesses was studied through particle beam irradiation. Precise measurements of time and energy allowed for the determination of charge carrier transport properties. By analyzing the tracks left by charged particles hitting the sensor, properties such as charge collection efficiency and carrier drift velocity were determined. Results were implemented into simulation frameworks and validated through comparison with measurement data from a gamma-ray source.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lorenzo Giuntini, Lisa Castelli, Mirko Massi, Mariaelena Fedi, Caroline Czelusniak, Nicla Gelli, Lucia Liccioli, Francesca Giambi, Chiara Ruberto, Anna Mazzinghi, Serena Barone, Francesca Marchegiani, Stefano Nisi, Carmine Lubritto, Simona Altieri, Luca Tortora, Paolo Branchini, Andrea Fabbri, Valerio Graziani, Sergio Barcellos Lins, Laura Guidorzi, Alessandro Lo Giudice, Alessandro Re, Leandro Sottili, Antonella Balerna, Mariangela Cestelli Guidi, Lucilla Pronti, Martina Romani, Fauzia Albertin, Matteo Bettuzzi, Rosa Brancaccio, Maria Pia Morigi, Daniele Alloni, Andrea Salvini, Barbara Smilgys, Michele Prata, Saverio Altieri, Maurizio Bonesini, Daniela Di Martino, Massimiliano Clemenza, Massimo Carpinelli, Piernicola Oliva, Valeria Sipala, Anna Maria Gueli, Stefania Pasquale, Giuseppe Stella, Giancarlo Pepponi, Francesco Grazzi, Francesco Taccetti
Summary: Detectors play a key role in the scientific approach to cultural heritage for diagnostics and conservation. The Italian National Institute of Nuclear Physics develops and applies new instrumentation for this purpose. Both traditional state-of-the-art and highly innovative detection setups are optimized for spectrometric techniques, addressing existing and future challenges in the field.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhongyi Wang, Ruiling Zhang, Xin Mao, Daoyuan Zheng, Siping Liu, Feng Liu, Keli Han, Bin Yang
Summary: The synthesis and photophysics of yttrium-based double perovskite single crystals and nanocrystals are reported. The emission of pristine single crystals is weak, while it is greatly enhanced after Sb3+ doping. The optimized doped samples exhibit high photoluminescence quantum yields.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Charity Adaeze Onumejor, Fatai Akintunde Balogun, Sejlo Temidayo Gbenu, Mojisola Rachael Usikalu, Theophilus Aanuoluwa Adagunodo, Akinwumi Akinpelu, Justina Ada Achuka, Theophilus Emuobor Aruaje
Summary: The study used PIXE method to investigate trace elements in tropical woods from western Nigeria, identifying calcium and potassium as major trace elements with concentrations greater than 1000 ppm. The concentrations of identified elements pose no immediate health concerns for the environment and human, making the studied tropical woods safe for use as fuel and other purposes.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Antonino Buttacavoli, Fabio Principato, Gaetano Gerardi, Manuele Bettelli, Andrea Zappettini, Paul Seller, Matthew C. Veale, Silvia Zanettini, Leonardo Abbene
Summary: High-flux X-ray measurements require mitigation of pile-up and dead time effects. This study presents the performance of CZT pixel detectors equipped with digital shapers for high-energy resolution and throughput, showing improvements in energy resolution, time stability, and pile-up.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hsinhan Tsai, Shreetu Shrestha, Lei Pan, Hsin-Hsiang Huang, Joseph Strzalka, Darrick Williams, Leeyih Wang, Lei R. Cao, Wanyi Nie
Summary: The authors report a solution method to produce high-quality quasi-2D perovskite crystalline layers and detectors suitable for X-ray imaging. The photodiodes built with the quasi-2D layers exhibit low dark current and stable operation, and the detector shows a high sensitivity to X-ray. High-resolution images can be obtained using a single pixel device.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Albert Doblas, David Flores, Salvador Hidalgo, Neil Moffat, Giulio Pellegrini, David Quirion, Jairo Villegas, Dzmitry Maneuski, Marie Ruat, Pablo Fajardo
Summary: Pixelated LGADs have been established as the baseline technology for timing detectors in ATLAS and CMS experiments. Inverse LGAD (iLGAD) technology has been proposed to overcome the non-gain area issue and enhance tracking capabilities. This study explores the use of iLGAD sensors for surface damage irradiation and develops a new generation of iLGADs with optimized performance.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sayani Biswas, Lars Gerchow, Hubertus Luetkens, Thomas Prokscha, Aldo Antognini, Niklaus Berger, Thomas Elias Cocolios, Rugard Dressler, Paul Indelicato, Klaus Jungmann, Klaus Kirch, Andreas Knecht, Angela Papa, Randolf Pohl, Maxim Pospelov, Elisa Rapisarda, Peter Reiter, Narongrit Ritjoho, Stephanie Roccia, Nathal Severijns, Alexander Skawran, Stergiani Marina Vogiatzi, Frederik Wauters, Lorenz Willmann, Alex Amato
Summary: The toolbox for material characterization has expanded greatly, allowing for new possibilities such as 3D-tomography and chemical analysis with the development of Muon Induced X-ray Emission (MIXE) technique.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xinyuan Du, Jiapu Li, Guangda Niu, Jun-Hui Yuan, Kan-Hao Xue, Mengling Xia, Weicheng Pan, Xiaofei Yang, Benpeng Zhu, Jiang Tang
Summary: Lead halide perovskites have shown promising applications in optoacoustic transducers with improved thermal properties and high performance. By optimizing the thermal properties of perovskites, the researchers achieved record values for bandwidth and conversion efficiency in optoacoustic transducers.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Lisa Magdalena Rossbach, Dag Anders Brede, Gert Nuyts, Simone Cagno, Ragni Maria Skjervold Olsson, Deborah Helen Oughton, Gerald Falkenberg, Koen Janssens, Ole Christian Lind
Summary: A combination of techniques was used to study the uptake, biodistribution, and adverse effects of Ce nanoparticles and Ce(NO3)3 in Caenorhabditis elegans. The results showed that Ce uptake occurred in the alimentary canal and translocation was confined to specific regions. Ce(NO3)3 exposure caused significant effects on growth, fertility, and reproduction, while CeO2NP-induced deformities did not impair feeding ability. The study highlights the importance of sub-micron resolution SR-based XRF elemental mapping for robust toxicological evaluation.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
John Rankin, Fabio Muleri, Allyn F. Tennant, Matteo Bachetti, Enrico Costa, Alessandro Di Marco, Sergio Fabiani, Fabio La Monaca, Paolo Soffitta, Antonino Tobia, Alessio Trois, Fei Xie, Luca Baldini, Niccolo Di Lalla, Alberto Manfreda, Stephen L. O'Dell, Matteo Perri, Simonetta Puccetti, Brian D. Ramsey, Carmelo Sgro, Martin C. Weisskopf
Summary: This paper describes the calibration and correction of the response of the Gas Pixel Detector (GPD) to unpolarized radiation, and its application to observations of celestial sources. The correction approach is tested against laboratory sources and simulations, and it successfully retrieves the polarization up to the statistical limits of the planned IXPE observations.
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Leonardo Abbene, Fabio Principato, Antonino Buttacavoli, Gaetano Gerardi, Manuele Bettelli, Andrea Zappettini, Saverio Altieri, Natalia Auricchio, Ezio Caroli, Silvia Zanettini, Nicoletta Protti
Summary: Our group has developed new high-resolution CZT drift strip detectors for room temperature gamma-ray spectroscopic imaging. These detectors have excellent spectroscopic performance and potential applications in BNCT.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jiahui Huang, Hua Feng, Hong Li, Xiangyun Long, Dongxin Yang, Weihe Zeng, Qiong Wu, Weichun Jiang, Massimo Minuti, Enrico Costa, Fabio Muleri, Saverio Citraro, Hikmat Nasimi, Jiandong Yu, Ge Jin, Zhi Zeng, Ming Zeng, Peng An, Luca Baldini, Ronaldo Bellazzini, Alessandro Brez, Luca Latronico, Carmelo Sgro, Gloria Spandre, Michele Pinchera, Paolo Soffitta
Summary: PolarLight is a gas pixel X-ray polarimeter mounted on a CubeSat, with simulations showing that the internal background is primarily caused by high-energy electrons and is difficult to discriminate. The uneven distribution of background on the detector plane is attributed to long tracks produced by high-energy electrons. For future focusing X-ray polarimeters with millimeter-scale focal sizes, the internal background is expected to be negligible.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Taisei Hayashi, Kensei Ichiba, Daisuke Nakauchi, Takumi Kato, Noriaki Kawaguchi, Takayuki Yanagida
Summary: In this study, Cr-doped Mg4Ta2O9 single crystals with different doping levels were synthesized using the floating zone method, and their photoluminescence and scintillation properties were evaluated. The results showed that Cr-doped Mg4Ta2O9 single crystals exhibited broad emission bands in the near-infrared region and showed scintillation characteristics within specific wavelength ranges. Additionally, the samples with different Cr doping levels demonstrated different lower detection limits based on the dose rate response function.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. Marouf, A. C. Chami, Y. Boudouma
Summary: This study develops a Monte Carlo simulation approach to describe proton-induced secondary electron emission in solids. Theoretical modeling based on the Mott's elastic scattering cross-section and Lindhard's dielectric function was used to calculate the double differential cross-section (DDCS) of excited electrons and describe electron transport in the medium. The results for aluminum show the angular and energy distributions of backscattered electrons for incident protons with energy below 25 keV at normal incidence, and the total electron emission yield also agrees well with available measurements.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Weipeng Yan, Baojun Duan, Zijian Zhu, Yan Song, Guzhou Song, Jiming Ma, Binkang Li, Yucheng Liu
Summary: This article reports on the scintillation performance of Lithium-doped 2D (PEA)2PbBr4 perovskite single crystals synthesized at room temperature. The crystals exhibit fast decay time, high light yield, and high spatial resolution, making them highly promising for medical diagnostic applications.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. B. Vishwakarma, S. K. Dubey, R. L. Dubey, I. Sulania, D. Kanjilal
Summary: Investigations have been conducted on the implanted SiO2 thin film after thermal annealing using various analytical techniques. The results revealed the absence of vacancy defects, variations in vibrational modes and the formation of new structures. The photoluminescence intensity of the annealed SiO2 samples was higher, with a decrease in non-radiative defect centers and an increase in radiative Si:SiO2 interface states. Additionally, the presence of silicon nanoclusters formed after annealing resulted in an additional radiative recombination peak. Furthermore, the formation of new SiOx structures was observed after thermal annealing.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
M. Koshimizu, S. Kurashima, A. Kimura, M. Taguchi
Summary: By observing the scintillation time profiles of CeF3 under irradiations of pulsed beams with different LETs, we found that the initial decay was faster for higher LET, which is consistent with previous studies on other self-activated scintillators. This faster decay at higher LET can be explained by the competition between the scintillation caused by 5d-4f transition of Ce3+ ions and quenching due to the interaction between excited Ce3+ ions close to each other.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Junjie Shi, Jianhong Hao, Fang Zhang, Qiang Zhao, Bixi Xue, Jieqing Fan, Zhiwei Dong
Summary: This study examined the neutralization process and beam quality of a hydrogen beam by emitting negative hydrogen ions to a hydrogen target. The findings showed that the neutralization efficiency was influenced by variables such as the transport distance, energy, and target gas density. However, the maximal neutralization efficiency was not affected by the density of the target gas or the energy of the negative hydrogen ions.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)