Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mivolil Duinong, Rosfayanti Rasmidi, Fuei Pien Chee, Pak Yan Moh, Saafie Salleh, Khairul Anuar Mohd Salleh, Sofian Ibrahim
Summary: In space, geostationary electronics are vulnerable to gamma radiation exposure. This study investigates the radiation response of zinc oxide (ZnO) and Mg-doped ZnO thin films deposited on an indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate. The effects of increasing total ionizing dose (TID) on surface morphology, optical properties, and lattice parameters were evaluated.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Rosfayanti Rasmidi, Mivolil Duinong, Fuei Pien Chee
Summary: This paper provides a thorough review of the radiation effects on ZnO semiconductor devices, revealing changes in morphology, structure, optical and electrical parameters due to radiation exposure. The increase in ideality factor post-irradiation is attributed to recombination centers in the space charge region, indicating extrinsic recombination mechanisms involving lattice imperfections.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tongshan Lu, Jinpeng Lv, Chenghua Wang
Summary: Hydrogenation significantly improves the radiation stability of Ga2O3, while only slightly affects ZnO and TiO2. Oxygen deficient defects and grain size play vital roles in tuning the radiation tolerance of metal oxide semiconductors.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xueqing Hu, Joanna Borowiec, Yijia Zhu, Xiaopeng Liu, Ruiqi Wu, Alex M. Ganose, Ivan P. Parkin, Buddha Deka Boruah
Summary: This study explores the use of zinc oxide nanorods (NRs) and nanoflakes (NFs) as artificial layers on zinc anodes to enhance the performance of zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs). The incorporation of ZnO improves charge storage performance by facilitating efficient electron transport and desolvation of Zn2+ ions. The highly polar surfaces of ZnO NFs promote strong interactions with water molecules, resulting in exceptional hydrophilicity and improved battery performance.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yonghai Zhang, Hongqiang Chen, Xiong Zhao, Xiang Ma, Lei Huang, Yinan Qiu, Jinjia Wei, Nanjing Hao
Summary: This paper introduces a robust acoustofluidic bubble-driven micromixer for the controllable synthesis of functional nano-array inside a glass capillary, which exhibits efficient photodegradation and metal ion enrichment. The morphology, density, and size of the nano-array can be precisely adjusted by reactant type, seeding phase, and reaction time. The ZnO nanorod array shows superior degradation efficiency and Cu2+ enrichment performance.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Laihong Geng, Yuqing Gao, Ming Zhong
Summary: A series of hierarchically sponge-like Sn4+-doped ZnO materials were successfully fabricated using biomass template-assisted hydrothermal and calcination strategies without the need for alkali precipitants. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of these materials was found to be higher than that of pure ZnO, with the optimal catalyst being Sn4+/ZnO-600.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yujun Zhou, Shiyin Xie, Yang Li, Zhiyuan Zheng, Liubing Dong
Summary: A sieve-like interface assembled with ZnO porous sheets is reported to stabilize zinc anodes in Zn-based electrochemical energy storage systems. The sieve-like structure effectively homogenizes the Zn2+ flux during zinc plating and restricts zinc dendrite growth, while the hydrophobic feature of ZnO porous sheets alleviates corrosion behavior. Under the protection of the sieve-like interface, the electrochemical properties of zinc anodes are significantly improved, leading to prolonged cycling life and enhanced stability in zinc-ion batteries and zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Gehan T. El-Bassyouni, Sayed H. Kenawy, Abeer A. Abd El-Aty, Esmat M. A. Hamzawy, Gamal M. Turky
Summary: This study investigated the biocompatibility, antimicrobial activity, and dielectric properties of hydroxyapatite (HA) doped with different percentages of zinc oxide (ZnO). The results showed that the addition of ZnO did not affect the formation of hydroxyapatite. Biocompatibility testing in simulated body fluid (SBF) revealed the formation of a new HA layer on the soaked samples. Antimicrobial and antifungal testing demonstrated that incorporating ZnO enhanced the antimicrobial effects. Dielectric measurements showed that increasing ZnO content decreased conductivity due to increased interfacial polarization. Moreover, antibacterial action expanded in the inhibition zones with increasing zinc concentrations. Dielectric relaxation spectroscopy revealed that the dielectric spectra were characterized by a combination of interfacial polarization and conductivity contribution at low and intermediate frequencies.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Renata Ratajczak, Elzbieta Guziewicz, Slawomir Prucnal, Cyprian Mieszczynski, Przemyslaw Jozwik, Marek Barlak, Svitlana Romaniuk, Sylwia Gieraltowska, Wojciech Wozniak, Rene Heller, Ulrich Kentsch, Stefan Facsko
Summary: Rare earth-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:RE) systems are being developed for future optoelectronic devices with visible emission in radiation-intense environments. This study explores optimal implantation and annealing conditions for incorporating RE3+ ions into the ZnO matrix, determining the highest luminescence efficiency. Shallow implantation at room temperature with a fluence of 1.0 x 10(15) RE ions/cm(2) followed by a 10 min annealing in oxygen at 800 degrees C is found to produce the brightest light emission.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tinghan He, Hongxu Chen, Puxin Liu, Hao Shi, Xiujuan Xu, Cong Feng, Yuyi Wang, Xiangfeng Li, Ning Lei, Yumei Xiao, Xiangdong Zhu, Jianguo Xu, Xingdong Zhang
Summary: This study proposed a novel one-step route to co-doping zinc oxide (ZnO) and zinc ion (Zn2+) in biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramics, which exhibited synergistic antibacterial effects. The ZnO/Zn2+ co-doped BCP ceramics showed strong antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus, and effectively stimulated the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Furthermore, BCP-Zn demonstrated excellent osteoinductivity and angiogenesis in animal models, as well as superior anti-infective ability and bone regenerative repair in infected bone defect models.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Denglei Zhu, Yufan Zheng, Yi Xiong, Chaojun Cui, Fengzhang Ren, Yong Liu
Summary: In this study, a thin sulfur-doped zinc oxide film was grown on zinc foil using a simple chemical method. The film improves the electrical conductivity of the zinc anode, inhibits side reactions, and enables uniform deposition of Zn2+. The film exhibits excellent stability and high reversible capacity in electrochemical tests.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Brendan E. Hawkins, Damon E. Turney, Robert J. Messinger, Andrew M. Kiss, Gautam G. Yadav, Sanjoy Banerjee, Timothy N. Lambert
Summary: This study reveals an electroactive type of zinc oxide formed in zinc-metal alkaline electrodes and measures its electrical conductivity change. The study finds that the conductivity change of the electroactive zinc oxide is closely related to the insertion of protons into the crystal structure and electrons into the conduction band. In addition, the rapid crystal growth of the electroactive zinc oxide allows it to have efficiencies and rates competitive with leading electrochromic materials. Understanding this phenomenon helps improve the cycling performance of industrial-design electrodes and suggests potential applications of zinc oxide in other fields.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Leipeng Li, Chongyang Cai, Xiaohuan Lv, Xingqiang Shi, Dengfeng Peng, Jianrong Qiu, Yanmin Yang
Summary: Due to the upcoming global energy crisis, the search for energy-saving materials has become more urgent. Mechanically induced luminescent materials have received considerable attention over the past two decades for their ability to convert waste into useful components, such as converting stress into light. This study introduces a strategy to improve mechanoluminescence (ML) of ZnO by embedding it in a ZnF2:Mn2+ matrix, which shows promising applications in various mechano-optics scenarios.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Kyusung Kim, Pil Gyu Choi, Toshio Itoh, Yoshitake Masuda
Summary: By changing the supply rate of hydroxide ions, we can control the morphology of ZnO nanomaterial and improve the sensitivity of metal-oxide-semiconductor gas sensors.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manuela Daniela Preda, Maria Leila Popa, Ionela Andreea Neacsu, Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu, Octav Ginghina
Summary: There is an increasing interest in developing protective textiles and clothes to protect wearers from various risks. Electrospun fibers and membranes have shown great potential in developing protective materials and garments, providing thermal comfort and protection against environmental threats.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. Stachowicz, A. Wierzbicka, J. M. Sajkowski, M. A. Pietrzyk, P. Dluzewski, E. Dynowska, J. Dyczewski, K. Morawiec, S. B. Kryvyi, S. Magalhaes, E. Alves, A. Kozanecki
Summary: This study analyzed heteroepitaxially grown ZnO/MgO superlattices on a-oriented ZnO substrates. It found that the different crystalline structures of ZnO and MgO influence the abruptness of the interface and the retention of the wurtzite structure. The wurtzite structure can be retained in the MgO thin barriers, but it inevitably leads to non-uniform biaxial strains and interdiffusion of Mg from barriers to ZnO QW's. The complex strain/composition heterogeneities can be explained by the difference in vapor pressure between Mg and Zn elements and the high mobility of Mg atoms. A ZnMgO film of three monolayers size was created at the interfaces, which partly contributes to retaining the wurtzite structure of the coherently grown MgO layers.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jose P. S. Cardoso, Maria Rosario Correia, Remy Vermeersch, Dirkjan Verheij, Gwenole Jacopin, Julien Pernot, Teresa Monteiro, Susana Cardoso, Katharina Lorenz, Bruno Daudin, Nabiha Ben Sedrine
Summary: Europium-implanted AlN nanowire pn junctions were annealed at 1000 degrees C and showed increased Eu3+ luminescence intensity with higher fluence, while the contribution from defect-related emissions decreased. This study demonstrates the potential of using Eu-implanted AlN NWs for developing red LEDs with improved luminescence properties.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Xin Jin, Flyura Djurabekova, Miguel Sequeira, Katharina Lorenz, Kai Nordlund
Summary: In this study, we used a simulation approach to investigate the dechanneling induced by voids with different shapes in tungsten. We found that the dechanneling cross section of large voids can be described by the product of the minimum yield and the area projected from the void to the target surface, as suggested by analytical models. However, this method overestimates the dechanneling induced by small voids, and there are significant differences between voids and stacking faults in terms of dechanneling.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
S. Magalhaes, J. S. Cabaco, O. Concepcion, D. Buca, M. Stachowicz, F. Oliveira, M. F. Cerqueira, K. Lorenz, E. Alves
Summary: The study demonstrates the importance of accurately determining the strain states of semiconductor compounds and introduces a new software called LAPAs. The lattice parameters and chemical composition of Al1-xInxN and Ge1-xSnx compounds grown on different substrates are calculated using the Bond's method and compared with results from x-ray diffraction. The findings show that broad peaks contribute significantly to the uncertainty in lattice parameters, and the inclusion of refraction correction has a small impact on the results. The differences between real space and reciprocal space methods are also discussed.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Przemyslaw Jozwik, Afonso Cacador, Katharina Lorenz, Renata Ratajczak, Cyprian Mieszczynsk
Summary: There is a long-standing interest in studying radiation damage caused by ion beams, which are present in space or the nuclear industry and used in materials modification. Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry in channeling mode (RBS/C) is commonly employed to analyze the damage, but the presence of various defect types makes interpretation of RBS/C spectra challenging. To address this issue, the McChasy Monte Carlo simulation code was developed, which utilizes small simulation cells to analyze channeling data in crystals with different defect types. This study introduces a new feature of the code, a model of dislocation loops, and validates its effectiveness by analyzing RBS/C experiments performed at different beam energies for Eu-implanted GaN with an energy of 300 keV.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
C. M. Vitor, E. Alves, R. C. da Silva, R. Mateus, J. Cruz, N. Catarino
Summary: In this study, ion beam analysis techniques were used to investigate the Be-related plasma-wall interactions. New data sets for the differential cross sections Be-9(He-3,p( i ))B-11 were obtained, and the results were found to be consistent with previous studies. A benchmarking measurement was performed to validate the results.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
D. M. Esteves, A. L. Rodrigues, L. C. Alves, E. Alves, M. I. Dias, Z. Jia, W. Mu, K. Lorenz, M. Peres
Summary: Ion-beam-induced luminescence (IBIL) measurements were performed in Cr-doped β-Ga2O3, showing a strong enhancement of the Cr3+ luminescence upon ion irradiation. The effective cross-sections associated with the defect-induced IBIL enhancement and quenching processes were estimated through theoretical modelling. Thermoluminescence (TL) studies revealed that the TL emission corresponding to the Cr3+ luminescence can be activated by ion irradiation and quenched by annealing, suggesting the role of irradiation-induced defects.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Adeleh Mokhles Gerami, Juliana Heiniger-Schell, E. Lora da Silva, Messias S. Costa, Cleidilane S. Costa, Joao G. Monteiro, Jose J. Pires, Daniela R. Pereira, Carlos Diaz-Guerra, Artur W. Carbonari, Katharina Lorenz, Joao G. Correia
Summary: Lamellar alpha-MoO3 crystals were implanted with low fluence of radioactive (111)mCd ions at ISOLDE-CERN. The interaction between Cd impurity and oxygen vacancies in the lattice was studied using the time differential perturbed angular correlations nanoscopic technique. Modeling and simulations confirmed that interstitial Cd prevailed in the van der Waals gap and induced a polaron effect. The most stable defect configuration was found to be Cd-I with two O2 vacancies located at different planes.
PHYSICAL REVIEW MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Y. Zayachuk, N. Catarino, C. Smith, I. Jepu, C. Ayres, A. Widdowson, E. Alves, M. Rubel, JET Contributors
Summary: In this study, beryllium samples with co-deposits or surface cracks caused by melt damage were immersed into boiling water to simulate the impact of coolant water ingress into a tokamak. The results showed that there was no thermomechanical damage to the samples during exposure, and no measurable release of deuterium occurred. Only some degree of surface oxidation was observed, but no thick oxide films were formed.
NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
C. F. Adame, E. Alves, N. P. Barradas, P. Costa Pinto, Y. Delaup, I. M. M. Ferreira, H. Neupert, M. Himmerlich, S. Pfeiffer, M. Rimoldi, M. Taborelli, O. M. N. D. Teodoro, N. Bundaleski
Summary: In this study, a systematic characterization of deuterium-contaminated a-C coatings was performed to establish a correlation between hydrogen content and secondary electron emission properties. The results showed that hydrogen impurities increase the secondary electron yield (SEY) of a-C films. Mechanisms of contamination were also investigated, revealing a process involving target poisoning and physical sputtering. The maximum SEY (SEYmax) increased linearly with relative D/H amounts between 11% and 47%, and abruptly increased in the range of 47%-54% when the nature of the deposited films changed.
JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
A. Cacador, P. Jozwik, S. Magalhaes, J. G. Marques, E. Wendler, K. Lorenz
Summary: Ion implantation provides precise control over various parameters in material doping, but it also causes ion-induced damage. This study used Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry in Channeling mode to analyze the defect profiles in GaN samples implanted with different fluences of Europium ions. The results showed that the damage increased with fluence in a complex manner, indicating the presence of multiple defect types and elaborate defect evolution mechanisms.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Cyprian Mieszczynski, Przemyslaw Jozwik, Kazimierz Skrobas, Kamila Stefanska-Skrobas, Renata Ratajczak, Jacek Jagielski, Frederico Garrido, Edyta Wyszkowska, Alexander Azarov, Katharina Lorenz, Eduardo Alves
Summary: In this work, the unique capability of the new version of the McChasy code (called McChasy2) to simulate experimental energy spectra delivered by Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry in channeling direction (RBS/C) using large atomic structures (ca. 108 atoms) is presented. The focus is on the simulations of extended structural defects (edge dislocations and loops) formed inside nickel-based single-crystal alloys, which are widely studied and promising materials for high-temperature applications.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
E. P. Alves, F. Fiuza
Summary: This study reports the data-driven discovery of accurate reduced plasma models directly from first-principles particle-in-cell simulations, demonstrating the potential of this approach to accelerate the development of reduced theoretical models of complex nonlinear plasma phenomena and design computationally efficient algorithms for multiscale plasma simulations.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Katharina Lorenz
Summary: Despite extensive research, ion implantation in group III nitrides remains a challenge due to complex defect accumulation and high post-implant annealing temperatures. This review summarizes recent findings on ion implantation into non-conventional GaN structures, such as non-polar thin films and nanowires, and highlights the influence of surface orientation and dimensionality on defect formation. The review also discusses recent breakthroughs in dopant activation using europium for optical doping and magnesium for electrical doping.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Taisei Hayashi, Kensei Ichiba, Daisuke Nakauchi, Takumi Kato, Noriaki Kawaguchi, Takayuki Yanagida
Summary: In this study, Cr-doped Mg4Ta2O9 single crystals with different doping levels were synthesized using the floating zone method, and their photoluminescence and scintillation properties were evaluated. The results showed that Cr-doped Mg4Ta2O9 single crystals exhibited broad emission bands in the near-infrared region and showed scintillation characteristics within specific wavelength ranges. Additionally, the samples with different Cr doping levels demonstrated different lower detection limits based on the dose rate response function.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. Marouf, A. C. Chami, Y. Boudouma
Summary: This study develops a Monte Carlo simulation approach to describe proton-induced secondary electron emission in solids. Theoretical modeling based on the Mott's elastic scattering cross-section and Lindhard's dielectric function was used to calculate the double differential cross-section (DDCS) of excited electrons and describe electron transport in the medium. The results for aluminum show the angular and energy distributions of backscattered electrons for incident protons with energy below 25 keV at normal incidence, and the total electron emission yield also agrees well with available measurements.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Weipeng Yan, Baojun Duan, Zijian Zhu, Yan Song, Guzhou Song, Jiming Ma, Binkang Li, Yucheng Liu
Summary: This article reports on the scintillation performance of Lithium-doped 2D (PEA)2PbBr4 perovskite single crystals synthesized at room temperature. The crystals exhibit fast decay time, high light yield, and high spatial resolution, making them highly promising for medical diagnostic applications.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. B. Vishwakarma, S. K. Dubey, R. L. Dubey, I. Sulania, D. Kanjilal
Summary: Investigations have been conducted on the implanted SiO2 thin film after thermal annealing using various analytical techniques. The results revealed the absence of vacancy defects, variations in vibrational modes and the formation of new structures. The photoluminescence intensity of the annealed SiO2 samples was higher, with a decrease in non-radiative defect centers and an increase in radiative Si:SiO2 interface states. Additionally, the presence of silicon nanoclusters formed after annealing resulted in an additional radiative recombination peak. Furthermore, the formation of new SiOx structures was observed after thermal annealing.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
M. Koshimizu, S. Kurashima, A. Kimura, M. Taguchi
Summary: By observing the scintillation time profiles of CeF3 under irradiations of pulsed beams with different LETs, we found that the initial decay was faster for higher LET, which is consistent with previous studies on other self-activated scintillators. This faster decay at higher LET can be explained by the competition between the scintillation caused by 5d-4f transition of Ce3+ ions and quenching due to the interaction between excited Ce3+ ions close to each other.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Junjie Shi, Jianhong Hao, Fang Zhang, Qiang Zhao, Bixi Xue, Jieqing Fan, Zhiwei Dong
Summary: This study examined the neutralization process and beam quality of a hydrogen beam by emitting negative hydrogen ions to a hydrogen target. The findings showed that the neutralization efficiency was influenced by variables such as the transport distance, energy, and target gas density. However, the maximal neutralization efficiency was not affected by the density of the target gas or the energy of the negative hydrogen ions.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
(2024)