Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stefano Maffessanti, Karsten Hansen, Stefan Aschauer, Andrea Castoldi, Florian Erdinger, Carlo Fiorini, Peter Fischer, Pradeep Kalavakuru, Helmut Klaer, Massimo Manghisoni, Christian Reckleben, Lothar Strueder, Matteo Porro
Summary: This paper summarizes the functionality and properties of the 64k pixel DEPFET module, a key sensitive component of the DEPFET Sensor with Signal Compression (DSSC) used for capturing and measuring soft X-rays at the European XFEL. The module features low input capacitance and signal compression capability, and has been calibrated and evaluated in a laboratory testbench. The pixel sensors provide excellent energy resolution and can meet the specifications of the DSSC project.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
B. Wang, F. Abudinen, K. Ackermann, P. Ahlburg, M. Albalawi, O. Alonso, L. Andricek, R. Ayad, V Babu, A. Baur, F. Bernlochner, T. Bilka, A. Bolz, A. Bozek, C. Camien, A. Caldwell, L. Cao, V Chekelian, A. Dieguez, J. Dingfelder, Z. Dolezal, M. Fras, A. Frey, M. Gabriel, K. Gadow, T. Gessler, G. Giakoustidis, L. Gioi, D. Greenwald, M. Heck, M. Hensel, M. Hoek, S. Huber, J. Kandra, P. Kapusta, R. Karl, J. Kehl, C. Kiesling, B. Kisielewski, D. Kittlinger, D. Klose, P. Kodys, C. Koffmane, I Konorov, S. Krivokuca, T. Kuhr, S. Kurz, P. Kvasnicka, J. S. Lange, K. Lautenbach, U. Leis, P. Leitl, D. Levit, G. Liemann, Q. Liu, Z. Liu, T. Lueck, C. Marinas, S. Mccarney, H. G. Moser, D. Moya, F. J. Mueller, F. Mueller, C. Niebuhr, J. Ninkovic, B. Paschen, S. Paul, I Peric, D. Pitzl, A. Rabusov, M. Reif, S. P. Reiter, R. Richter, M. Ritter, M. Ritzert, J. G. Sanchez, B. Scavino, G. Schaller, J. Schmitz, M. Schnecke, F. Schopper, H. Schreeck, B. Schwenker, M. Schwickardi, R. Sedlmeyer, C. Sfienti, F. Simon, S. Skambraks, J. Skorupa, Y. Soloviev, B. Spruck, S. Stefkova, R. Stever, E. Tafelmayer, M. Takahashi, I Vila, A. L. Virto, S. Vogt, C. Wang, P. Wieduwilt, H. Windel, H. Ye, J. Zhao, R. Zlebcik
Summary: The Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB accelerator has begun collecting physics data with its full detector setup. The Belle II pixel detector (PXD) plays a crucial role in tracking and vertexing and has shown good performance. However, operational challenges arise from the high background level produced by the SuperKEKB accelerator.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Francisco Andre Correa Alegria
Summary: When there is normally distributed additive noise on the test setup, the Histogram Test Method for estimating the gain and offset error of analog-to-digital converters may result in bias. The study shows that the offset estimation is unbiased, but the gain estimation can have up to 5% bias even at low signal-to-noise ratios of 10 dB. The bias is found to be independent of the number of acquired samples. An approximate analytical expression is proposed for rapidly estimating gain error, taking into account the signal-to-noise ratio and overdrive used. The analytical derivations are validated using simulated data and experimental data obtained with a real data acquisition system.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
P. Wieduwilt, B. Paschen, H. Schreeck, B. Schwenker, J. Soltau, P. Ahlburg, J. Dingfelder, A. Frey, P. Gomis, F. Luetticke, C. Marinas
Summary: The Belle II experiment at the Super B factory in Japan focuses on precision B physics measurements, with momentum ranging from tens of MeV to a few GeV. The high vertex resolution and DEPFET technology are crucial for the success of the experiment, and the spatial resolution and module performance have been shown to meet the requirements through testing.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Hanbo Jia, Xuan Guo, Huaiyu Zhai, Feitong Wu, Yuzhen Zhang, Dandan Wang, Kai Sun, Danyu Wu, Xinyu Liu
Summary: This paper presents a multi-dimensional MDAC calibration method based on a genetic algorithm, aiming to improve the accuracy of high-speed and high-resolution analog-to-digital converters. The proposed method has been verified in a 12-bit 750 MS/s pipelined ADC, and the results show significant improvement in SNDR and SFDR.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ye Gu Kang, David Diaz Reigosa
Summary: This article explores the propagation of current sensor error through the dq-transform and its impact on high-frequency injection (HFI)-based self-sensing control. Statistical models based on variance are developed for 2- and 3-channel-based dq-transform, and their accuracy is verified using error probability density function (PDF) with uniformly distributed random inputs. The results show that the propagated error in the dq-axes is dependent on the rotor position and follows the error variance model. Additionally, the 3-channel based self-sensing control yields lower position estimation error compared to the 2-channel based self-sensing, albeit with the addition of an extra sensor in the machine drive system.
IEEE JOURNAL OF EMERGING AND SELECTED TOPICS IN POWER ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jue Wang, Xu Cheng, Jun Han, Xiaoyang Zeng
Summary: This paper introduces a synthesizable lead-lag quantization technique for all-digital delta sigma analog-to-digital converters based on VCO, achieving improved resolution and reduced FoM. The ADC is implemented in 28-nm CMOS technology with good performance.
MICROELECTRONICS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Pinyun Yi, Yuhua Liang, Shubin Liu, Nuo Xu, Liang Fang, Yue Hao
Summary: This brief introduces a compact and energy efficient noise-shaping successive-approximation-register (NS-SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) based on the error-feedback (EF) structure. The proposed architecture utilizes unity-gain buffer and delay elements operated in a ping-pong manner to perform EF function, resulting in high efficiency in achieving strong noise-shaping (NS) effect. The prototype NS-SAR ADC achieves impressive performance with low power consumption.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Instruments & Instrumentation
W. Treberspurg, A. Baehr, H. Kluck, P. Lechner, J. Ninkovic, J. Treis, H. Shi, J. Schieck
Summary: The combined structure of a Depleted P-channel Field-Effect Transistor allows for the collection, storage, and readout of charge carriers. By efficiently transferring charges between two storage regions, it enables a statistically independent repetitive non-destructive readout of active pixels. Averaging the repetitions results in deep sub-electron noise levels.
X-RAY, OPTICAL, AND INFRARED DETECTORS FOR ASTRONOMY X
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Shatadal Chatterjee, Sounak Roy
Summary: This paper introduces a low-power mixed-signal foreground calibration algorithm for ADC using a digitally controlled reconfigurable switched-capacitor MDAC gain controller. The proposed method nullifies the effect of MDAC gain change on ADC output linearity through a feedback mechanism, achieving ideal ADC output linearity.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION (VLSI) SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Junyan Hao, Yi Shen, Angyang Li, Min Wang, Qing Zou, Zheng Qiu, Shubin Liu, Zhangming Zhu
Summary: This paper presents a static offset and an embedded gain error calibration technique to improve the performance of SAR ADC architecture.
MICROELECTRONICS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mohsen Jiani, Omid Shoaei
Summary: This paper introduces a new digital calibration method for the design and implementation of high speed and high-resolution pipeline ADCs. Two techniques are used to calibrate the linear and non-linear characteristics of the gain stages. Compared to prior methods, the proposed algorithm can estimate errors in the ADC with fewer conversion samples.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Noby George, Prashanth Vooka, A. Sai Kartheek Bandi, S. Gopalakrishna
Summary: A new high precision conversion technique is introduced in this paper, which directly provides digital outputs of Ratio Error and Phase Errors of an Instrument Transformer under test. Additionally, a novel method to improve measurement accuracy is proposed by comparing a test IT with a standard IT.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Juhyun Bae, Jae-Sang Kim, Minsu Lee, Jung-Kyu Han, Gun-Woo Moon
Summary: A conventional asymmetrical half-bridge (AHB) converter has limitations in wide input voltage range, but a proposed AHB converter with linear voltage gain solves these limitations and improves efficiency.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Qinyu Wu, Zhixing Ling, Xinyang Wang, Chen Zhang, Weimin Yuan, Shuang-Nan Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the performance of a large-format sCMOS sensor at the level of individual pixels. By accurately correcting the gain of each pixel, the energy resolution can be significantly improved, which has potential applications in X-ray spectroscopic observations.
PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Nafisa Begam, Anastasia Ragulskaya, Anita Girelli, Hendrik Rahmann, Sivasurender Chandran, Fabian Westermeier, Mario Reiser, Michael Sprung, Fajun Zhang, Christian Gutt, Frank Schreiber
Summary: The kinetics and microscopic dynamics of heat-induced gelation in hen egg white gel were studied using x-ray techniques, revealing a reaction-limited aggregation process, fractal structure, and temporal heterogeneity. The results were discussed in the broader context of attractive colloidal gel models.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nico Kerber, Dmitriy Ksenzov, Frank Freimuth, Flavio Capotondi, Emanuele Pedersoli, Ignacio Lopez-Quintas, Boris Seng, Joel Cramer, Kai Litzius, Daniel Lacour, Hartmut Zabel, Yuriy Mokrousov, Mathias Klaeui, Christian Gutt
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dmitriy Ksenzov, Alexei A. Maznev, Vivek Unikandanunni, Filippo Bencivenga, Flavio Capotondi, Antonio Caretta, Laura Foglia, Marco Malvestuto, Claudio Masciovecchio, Riccardo Mincigrucci, Keith A. Nelson, Matteo Pancaldi, Emanuele Pedersoli, Lisa Randolph, Hendrik Rahmann, Sergei Urazhdin, Stefano Bonetti, Christian Gutt
Summary: Using coherent femtosecond extreme ultraviolet pulses from a free electron laser, we were able to generate transient periodic magnetization patterns with periods as short as 44 nm. By combining spatially periodic excitation with resonant probing, we could create and study transient gratings of electronic and magnetic excitations in a CoGd alloy. This approach provides new avenues for investigating ultrafast magnetic phenomena on nanometer length scales.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Anita Girelli, Hendrik Rahmann, Nafisa Begam, Anastasia Ragulskaya, Mario Reiser, Sivasurender Chandran, Fabian Westermeier, Michael Sprung, Fajun Zhang, Christian Gutt, Frank Schreiber
Summary: This study investigates the interplay between liquid-liquid phase separation and glass formation in biological systems, revealing distinct dynamics. Early stage LLPS is driven by the curvature of the free energy and speeds up with increasing quench depth, while late stage dynamics slows down, indicating a nearby glass transition. The observed dynamics show a ballistic type of motion, suggesting that viscoelasticity plays a significant role during LLPS.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Matteo Porro, Ladislav Andricek, Stefan Aschauer, Andrea Castoldi, Mattia Donato, Jan Engelke, Florian Erdinger, Carlo Fiorini, Peter Fischer, Heinz Graafsma, Andrea Grande, Chiara Guazzoni, Karsten Hansen, Steffen Hauf, Pradeep Kalavakuru, Helmut Klaer, Manfred Tangl, Andreas Kugel, Markus Kuster, Peter Lechner, David Lomidze, Stefano Maffessanti, Massimo Manghisoni, Sneha Nidhi, Frank Okrent, Valerio Re, Christian Reckleben, Elisa Riceputi, Rainer Richter, Andrey Samartsev, Stephan Schlee, Jan Soldat, Lothar Struder, Janusz Szymanski, Monica Turcato, Georg Weidenspointner, Cornelia B. Wunderer
Summary: The first DSSC 1-Mpixel camera was made available at the European XFEL in February 2019, optimized for photon science applications. It features direct conversion Si sensors with 1024x1024 pixel resolution and a peak frame rate of 4.5 MHz to cope with the demanding X-ray pulse time structure. The camera is equipped with miniaturized silicon drift detector (MiniSDD) pixel arrays and achieves noise values of about 60 electrons r.m.s. at the highest frame rate.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. Moron, A. Al-Masoodi, C. Lovato, M. Reiser, L. Randolph, G. Surmeier, J. Bolle, F. Westermeier, M. Sprung, R. Winter, M. Paulus, C. Gutt
Summary: By using X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy, the kinetics and dynamics of a pressure-induced liquid-liquid phase separation in a water-lysozyme solution are investigated. The results demonstrate that, under pressure, the system reaches the phase boundary without arrest, and the coarsening process slows down with increasing quench depths. The study also reveals the presence of fast superdiffusive and slow subdiffusive motion associated with fast viscoelastic fluctuations and slow viscous coarsening, respectively.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Anastasia Ragulskaya, Vladimir Starostin, Nafisa Begam, Anita Girelli, Hendrik Rahmann, Mario Reiser, Fabian Westermeier, Michael Sprung, Fajun Zhang, Christian Gutt, Frank Schreiber
Summary: X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) is a powerful tool for investigating dynamics in a wide range of time and length scales, particularly in phase transition systems. This study proposes a reverse engineering approach that connects experimental results with key control parameters using particle-based heuristic simulations, resulting in dynamic information beyond existing theories.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sonja Timmermann, Vladimir Starostin, Anita Girelli, Anastasia Ragulskaya, Hendrik Rahmann, Mario Reiser, Nafisa Begam, Lisa Randolph, Michael Sprung, Fabian Westermeier, Fajun Zhang, Frank Schreiber, Christian Gutt
Summary: Machine learning methods are used to automatically classify X-ray photon correlation maps from protein solution experiments. The correlation maps are matched with simulated maps of liquid-liquid phase separations and interpreted in the simulation framework. This method facilitates the handling of large amounts of dynamic data.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Mario Reiser, Joerg Hallmann, Johannes Moeller, Karina Kazarian, Davide Orsi, Lisa Randolph, Hendrik Rahmann, Fabian Westermeier, Eric Stellamanns, Michael Sprung, Federico Zontone, Luigi Cristofolini, Christian Gutt, Anders Madsen
Summary: The study investigates the localization and transport of nanoparticles in microscopic networks, highlighting the interplay between network structure and dynamics on the microscopic scale. It is found that the mobility of nanoparticles can be controlled by adjusting the network mesh size and micelle length, which can be tuned by UV-illumination. The data reveal that transport through the network is determined by the ratio between the nanoparticle size and the network mesh size, with nanoparticle mobility being significantly enhanced upon UV illumination.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Hakan Wennloef, Ankur Chauhan, Manuel Del Rio Viera, Doris Eckstein, Finn Feindt, Ingrid-Maria Gregor, Karsten Hansen, Lennart Huth, Larissa Mendes, Budi Mulyanto, Daniil Rastorguev, Christian Reckleben, Sara Ruiz Daza, Paul Schuetze, Adriana Simancas, Simon Spannagel, Marcel Stanitzki, Anastasiia Velyka, Gianpiero Vignola
Summary: The Tangerine project aims to develop new state-of-the-art high-precision silicon detectors. Part of the project involves developing a monolithic active pixel sensor using a novel 65 nm CMOS imaging process. This process offers increased logic density, reduced power consumption, and material budget compared to other processes. The initial goal is to develop and test a sensor in a 65 nm CMOS imaging process that can be used in test beam telescopes, demonstrating its capabilities.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mario Reiser, Anita Girelli, Anastasia Ragulskaya, Sudipta Das, Sharon Berkowicz, Maddalena Bin, Marjorie Ladd-Parada, Mariia Filianina, Hanna-Friederike Poggemann, Nafisa Begam, Mohammad Sayed Akhundzadeh, Sonja Timmermann, Lisa Randolph, Yuriy Chushkin, Tilo Seydel, Ulrike Boesenberg, Joerg Hallmann, Johannes Moeller, Angel Rodriguez-Fernandez, Robert Rosca, Robert Schaffer, Markus Scholz, Roman Shayduk, Alexey Zozulya, Anders Madsen, Frank Schreiber, Fajun Zhang, Fivos Perakis, Christian Gutt
Summary: The study investigates the dynamics of dense antibody protein solutions using X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy at XFELs, identifying a method to measure protein motion and overcome structural changes caused by radiation damage.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sumera Kousar, Karsten Hansen, Thomas Florian Keller
Summary: Flip-chip bonding is a critical packaging technology that allows for the smallest possible form factor. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of using copper and nickel-gold surface finishes in a solder bumping, flip-chip bonding, and reflow process. By reducing native oxides and using copper formate, the copper surface is protected and solder wetting is achieved. The study also shows that bumping solder directly on copper pads using copper formate is a novel research contribution.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Nanna Zhou Hagstrom, Michael Schneider, Nico Kerber, Alexander Yaroslavtsev, Erick Burgos Parra, Marijan Beg, Martin Lang, Christian M. Gunther, Boris Seng, Fabian Kammerbauer, Horia Popescu, Matteo Pancaldi, Kumar Neeraj, Debanjan Polley, Rahul Jangid, Stjepan B. Hrkac, Sheena K. K. Patel, Sergei Ovcharenko, Diego Turenne, Dmitriy Ksenzov, Christine Boeglin, Marina Baidakova, Clemens von Korff Schmising, Martin Borchert, Boris Vodungbo, Kai Chen, Chen Luo, Florin Radu, Leonard Mueller, Miriam Martinez Florez, Andre Philippi-Kobs, Matthias Riepp, Wojciech Roseker, Gerhard Gruebel, Robert Carley, Justine Schlappa, Benjamin E. Van Kuiken, Rafael Gort, Laurent Mercadier, Naman Agarwal, Loic Le Guyader, Giuseppe Mercurio, Martin Teichmann, Jan Torben Delitz, Alexander Reich, Carsten Broers, David Hickin, Carsten Deiter, James Moore, Dimitrios Rompotis, Jinxiong Wang, Daniel Kane, Sandhya Venkatesan, Joachim Meier, Florent Pallas, Tomasz Jezynski, Maximilian Lederer, Djelloul Boukhelef, Janusz Szuba, Krzysztof Wrona, Steffen Hauf, Jun Zhu, Martin Bergemann, Ebad Kamil, Thomas Kluyver, Robert Rosca, Michal Spirzewski, Markus Kuster, Monica Turcato, David Lomidze, Andrey Samartsev, Jan Engelke, Matteo Porro, Stefano Maffessanti, Karsten Hansen, Florian Erdinger, Peter Fischer, Carlo Fiorini, Andrea Castoldi, Massimo Manghisoni, Cornelia Beatrix Wunderer, Eric E. Fullerton, Oleg G. Shpyrko, Christian Gutt, Cecilia Sanchez-Hanke, Hermann A. Durr, Ezio Iacocca, Hans T. Nembach, Mark W. Keller, Justin M. Shaw, Thomas J. Silva, Roopali Kukreja, Hans Fangohr, Stefan Eisebitt, Mathias Klaui, Nicolas Jaouen, Andreas Scherz, Stefano Bonetti, Emmanuelle Jal
Summary: The advent of X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) has revolutionized fundamental science, providing researchers with unprecedented brightness, coherence, and pulse duration. This paper presents the results from the first megahertz-repetition-rate X-ray scattering experiments at the Spectroscopy and Coherent Scattering (SCS) instrument of the European XFEL. The experimental capabilities offered by the SCS instrument, operating at a megahertz repetition rate and using a novel DSSC 2D imaging detector, are illustrated.
JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nafisa Begam, Sonja Timmermann, Anastasia Ragulskaya, Anita Girelli, Maximilian D. D. Senft, Sebastian Retzbach, Nimmi Das Anthuparambil, Mohammad Sayed Akhundzadeh, Marvin Kowalski, Mario Reiser, Fabian Westermeier, Michael Sprung, Fajun Zhang, Christian Gutt, Frank Schreiber
Summary: We investigated the thermal gelation of egg white proteins at different temperatures and salt concentrations using x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy. The temperature-dependent structural investigation showed that a higher temperature led to faster network formation and a more compact gel network, contradicting the conventional understanding of thermal aggregation. The gel network exhibited a fractal dimension ranging from 1.5 to 2.2, which displayed non-monotonic behavior with increasing salt concentration. The addition of salt accelerated the early stage dynamics and reduced the activation energy barrier in the system.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Lisa Randolph, Mohammadreza Banjafar, Thomas R. Preston, Toshinori Yabuuchi, Mikako Makita, Nicholas P. Dover, Christian Roedel, Sebastian Goede, Yuichi Inubushi, Gerhard Jakob, Johannes Kaa, Akira Kon, James K. Koga, Dmitriy Ksenzov, Takeshi Matsuoka, Mamiko Nishiuchi, Michael Paulus, Frederic Schon, Keiichi Sueda, Yasuhiko Sentoku, Tadashi Togashi, Michael Bussmann, Thomas E. Cowan, Mathias Klaeui, Carsten Fortmann-Grote, Lingen Huang, Adrian P. Mancuso, Thomas Kluge, Christian Gutt, Motoaki Nakatsutsumi
Summary: Studying the ultrafast laser-induced structural changes in nanoscale systems is crucial in understanding the dynamics of intense light-matter interactions. Previous imaging methods have been unable to measure the depth-resolved subsurface dynamics of laser-solid interactions with appropriate temporal and spatial resolution, but our experimental data provides a solution with nanometer depth resolution.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Jinlu Ruan, Liang Chen, Pengxiao Xu, Yapeng Zhang, Xue Du, Hongqiao Yin, Shiyi He, Fangbao Wang, Xun Zhang, Xiaoping Ouyang
Summary: A new SiC detector with a faster time response was developed to improve the temporal response of SiC-HPMTs. The improved SiC-HPMT showed significantly enhanced temporal response compared to the previous SiC-HPMT, and it can accurately measure the time information of fast pulsed radiation fields.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Kevin Nash
Summary: This article discusses the need for extensive upgrades of the LHC detectors, particularly the Outer Tracker, due to the demanding conditions and radiation of the High Luminosity LHC scenario. The design choices, technological approaches, and R&D activities for the Outer Tracker Phase-2 upgrade are highlighted.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
S. A. Wotton
Summary: The hadron particle identification provided by LHCb's RICH system is crucial for the success of the experiment, and it will continue to play a significant role in Upgrade II. To maintain the current excellent particle identification performance, substantial improvements in the precision of measuring the space and time coordinates of detected photons in the RICH and in the resolution of the reconstructed Cherenkov angle are required.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
R. Cardarelli, A. Rocchi, G. Aielli, P. Camarri, A. Di Ciaccio, L. Di Stante, B. Liberti, E. Pastori, L. Pizzimento, G. Proto
Summary: The Resistive Cylindrical Chamber (RCC) is a new generation of gaseous particle detectors that overcome the limitations of Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC) and expand their application range. By transitioning from planar to cylindrical geometry, while maintaining an almost planar electric field, the RCC achieves improved detection efficiency, increased gas pressure, and the possibility of using eco-friendly gases.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Giacomo Volpe
Summary: The ALICE collaboration is proposing a new apparatus, ALICE 3, to investigate the Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP) properties. In this context, conceptual studies for the development of a RICH detector for ALICE 3 are ongoing. The proposed baseline layout is a proximity-focusing RICH, using aerogel as Cherenkov radiator and Silicon Photomultipliers for photon detection. The detector specifications and performance obtained by Monte Carlo simulation are presented, along with the R&D challenges related to the design.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
M. G. Mazarakis, E. Jongewaard, J. Ellsworth
Summary: This report presents experimental data and a step-by-step technique for evaluating the work functions of thermionic cathodes. The experiments were conducted using small-sized thermionic cathodes provided by Spectra-Mat corporation. The cathode electron current emission work function is emphasized as a crucial parameter for selecting cathodes in various applications.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
M. Loyd, A. Khaplanov, V. Sedov, J. Beal, T. Visscher, C. Donahue, C. Montcalm, G. Warren, R. Butz, C. Boone, C. Hart, R. Riedel, Y. Diawara
Summary: Thermal and cold neutron beamlines require detector systems with high efficiency, large active area, and good spatial resolution. This study presents a new design of Anger camera using silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) instead of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), offering better resolution, less distortion, and more compactness. The use of SiPMs also enables the camera to be used in strong magnetic fields, providing additional experimental capabilities.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Thomas Neulinger, Hanno Filter, Oliver Zimmer
Summary: This paper describes the mathematical foundation for analyzing vertical time-of-flight (TOF) measurements using ultracold neutrons (UCN). It enables the spectroscopy of UCN with kinetic energies below the neutron optical potential of the detector entrance window. The paper provides general treatment methods and transformation rules for converting vertical TOF spectra into other spectra of interest.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Huynh Dinh Chuong, Nguyen Huynh Duy Khang, Le Thi Ngoc Trang, Nguyen Thi Truc Linh, Truong Thanh Sang, Nguyen Thanh Dat, Hoang Duc Tam
Summary: This paper presents a comparative study of three models, including virtual point detector (VPD), curve fitting (CF), and machine learning (ML), in determining the full-energy peak efficiency (FEPE) of HPGe detector. The study found that the ML model outperforms VPD and CF models in terms of accuracy.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
M. H. Kushoro, M. Angelone, D. Bozzi, G. Gorini, F. La Via, E. Perelli Cippo, M. Pillon, M. Tardocchi, M. Rebai
Summary: This paper presents the characterization of a series of SiC detectors operated with partial polarization, achieving excellent energy resolution and detection characteristics for both alpha particles and neutrons. The results demonstrate the potential of SiC detectors for fast neutron detection in fusion experiments. The limitations and challenges for manufacturing thick SiCs in the future are also discussed.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Deb Sankar Bhattacharya, Andrea Bressan, Chandradoy Chatterjee, Silvia Dalla Torre, Mauro Gregori, Alexander Kiselev, Stefano Levorato, Anna Martin, Saverio Minutoli, Mikhail Osipenko, Richa Rai, Marco Ripani, Fulvio Tessarotto, Triloki Triloki
Summary: In this article, we report on the measurement of the time resolution of an LAPPD prototype using Cherenkov radiation emitted by high energy hadrons. Our approach has demonstrated the capability of measuring time resolutions as fine as 25-30 ps. The measured time resolution for single photoelectrons is about 80 ps r.m.s.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Bharti Rohila, S. R. Abhilash, Diwanshu, Chetan Sharma, Devinder Mehta, Ashok Kumar
Summary: Self-supporting and Au backed Ag-107 targets have been fabricated using a combination of cold rolling and e-beam melting technique. The method is efficient, resulting in targets without significant material loss or major contamination. Various techniques have been used for thickness measurements and characterizations, and one of the fabricated targets has been successfully used in a nuclear physics experiment.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
B. Kronheim, A. Belloni, T. K. Edberg, S. C. Eno, C. Howe, C. Palmer, C. Papageorgakis, M. Paranjpe, S. Sriram
Summary: This paper presents measurements of the relative decrease of light output during irradiation of small plastic scintillator tiles read out by silicon photomultipliers. The study found substantial temporary damage during low-temperature irradiation, regardless of oxygen concentration and wrapping material. The wrapping material had an impact on the relative light loss, with the 3M(TM) Enhanced Specular Reflector Film showing the largest loss. The light loss was less at warmer temperatures and similar to that in standard atmosphere with 3% oxygen concentration. Evidence of a plateau in the radical density was seen for the data at 0 degrees C.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
V. V. Haurylavets, V. K. Ivanov, A. V. Korol, A. V. Solov'yov
Summary: Computational modeling of high-energy electron passage through crystalline media is conducted using relativistic molecular dynamics. The results show good agreement with experimental data, demonstrating the accuracy of the simulations. Minor discrepancies between theory and experiment are discussed.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2024)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Luca Quaglia, R. Cardarelli, B. Liberti, E. Pastori, G. Proto, L. Pizzimento, A. Rocchi, G. Aielli, P. Camarri, A. Di Ciacco, L. Di Stante, R. Santonico, D. Boscherini, A. Bruni, L. Massa, A. Polini, M. Romano, L. Benussi, S. Bianco, D. Piccolo, G. Saviano, M. Abbrescia, L. Congedo, M. De Serio, G. Galati, G. Pugliese, S. Simone, D. Ramos, P. Salvini, A. Samalan, M. Tytgat, N. Zaganidis, J. Eysermans, A. Ferretti, M. Gagliardi, L. Terlizzi, E. Vercellin, P. Dupieux, B. Joly, S. P. Manen, R. Guida, B. Mandelli, G. Rigoletti, M. Barroso, M. C. Arena, A. Pastore, R. Aly, M. Verzeroli, S. Buontempo
Summary: Resistive Plate Chamber detectors are widely used in current High Energy Physics experiments. However, efforts are being made to find eco-friendly gas alternatives to Tetrafluoroethane. The RPC EcoGas@GIF++ collaboration aims to improve RPC technology, evaluate the performance of RPCs with eco-friendly gas mixtures, and conduct aging tests.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2024)
