A calibration-based approach to real-time in vivo monitoring pyruvate C1 and C2 polarization using the JCC spectral asymmetry

A calibration-based technique for real-time measurement of pyruvate polarization by partial integral analysis of the doublet from the neighbouring J-coupled carbon is presented. In vitro calibration data relating the C-2 and C-1 asymmetries to the instantaneous C-1 and C-2 polarizations, respectively, were acquired in blood. The feasibility of using the in vitro calibration data to determine the instantaneous in vivo C-1 and C-2 polarizations was demonstrated in the analysis of rat kidney and pig heart spectral data. An approach for incorporating this technique into in vivo protocols is proposed. Copyright (C) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.