Article
Neurosciences
Ji Yeon Oh, Eui Jin An, Young Lee, Seung Min Kim, Miju Cheon, Jun Yup Kim
Summary: The study investigates the brain glucose metabolism associated with the oral and pharyngeal phases of dysphagia in Parkinson's disease. The results show that oral phase dysphagia is associated with hypermetabolism in the right inferior temporal gyrus, bilateral cerebellum, superior frontal gyrus, and anterior cingulate cortices, as well as hypometabolism in the bilateral orbital and triangular parts of the inferior to middle frontal gyrus. Pharyngeal phase dysphagia is related to hypermetabolism of posterior aspects of the bilateral parietal lobes, cerebellum, and hypometabolism of the mediodorsal aspects of anterior cingulate and middle to superior frontal gyri.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dawn C. Matthews, Xiangling Mao, Kathleen Dowd, Diamanto Tsakanikas, Caroline S. Jiang, Caroline Meuser, Randolph D. Andrews, Ana S. Lukic, Jihyun Lee, Nicholas Hampilos, Neeva Shafiian, Mary Sano, P. David Mozley, Howard Fillit, Bruce S. McEwen, Dikoma C. Shungu, Ana C. Pereira
Summary: This study evaluated the potential efficacy and safety of riluzole in patients with Alzheimer's disease compared to placebo using neuroimaging biomarkers, showing that riluzole-treated participants had better preserved cerebral glucose metabolism compared to placebo group, with positive correlation between cognitive performance and regional cerebral glucose metabolism, as well as potential engagement of the glutamatergic system by riluzole in the posterior cingulate. These findings support further powered, longer duration studies of riluzole as a potential intervention for Alzheimer's disease.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kyungduk Hurh, Minah Park, Sung-in Jang, Eun-Cheol Park, Suk-Yong Jang
Summary: This study evaluated the association between serum lipid levels and the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). The results showed an inverse association between serum total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and the risk of PD. However, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels were not related to PD risk.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana Carolina Pinheiro Campos, Raquel Chacon Ruiz Martinez, Aline Vivian Vatti Auada, Ivo Lebrun, Erich Talamoni Fonoff, Clement Hamani, Rosana Lima Pagano
Summary: This study investigated the effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) on striatal glial cells, inflammation, and glutamate/GABA concentration in a rat model of Parkinson's disease (PD). The results suggest that DBS has beneficial effects mediated by the inhibition of glial cell activation, neuroinflammation, and glutamate excitotoxicity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anant Bahadur Patel, Pandichelvam Veeraiah, Mohammad Shameem, Jerald Mahesh Kumar, Kamal Saba
Summary: This study investigated mitochondrial metabolism in the brains of young and aged mice, finding changes in neurotransmitter activity and metabolic fluxes in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. The results showed reduced neurotransmitter flux and altered metabolism associated with aging, correlating with declined cognitive function in aged mice.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Karel Kalecky, Paula Ashcraft, Teodoro Bottiglieri
Summary: This study explores the alterations in one-carbon metabolism in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), and finds a potential link between levodopa-carbidopa therapy and dementia in PD patients, as well as the correlation between betaine and cognitive score in PD patients.
Article
Neurosciences
Isabelle Buard, Natalie Lopez-Esquibel, Finnuella J. Carey, Mark S. Brown, Luis D. Medina, Eugene Kronberg, Christine S. Martin, Sarah Rogers, Samantha K. Holden, Michael R. Greher, Benzi M. Kluger
Summary: Cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD) could be related to fluctuations in prefrontal glutamate metabolism. These preliminary findings suggest that prefrontal glutamate may serve as a biomarker for the progression of cognitive impairments in PD.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Changwei Yang, Wuqiong Wang, Pengxi Deng, Xinyi Wang, Lin Zhu, Liangcai Zhao, Chen Li, Hongchang Gao
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of FGF21 on Parkinson's disease (PD) and its relationship with gut microbiota. The results showed that FGF21 can attenuate behavioral impairment in PD mice through the microbiota-gut-brain metabolic axis.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Jiayi Song, Xuehan Yang, Ming Zhang, Chunyan Wang, Li Chen
Summary: Glutamate plays a crucial role in Alzheimer's disease, not only related to excitotoxicity but also to metabolic balance disorder. Maintaining the balance of glutamate metabolism in the brain is essential for central nervous system health, with mitochondrial glutamate metabolism being a potential target for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Zhuo Li, Gang Lu, Zhe Li, Bin Wu, Enli Luo, Xinmin Qiu, Jianwen Guo, Zhangyong Xia, Chunye Zheng, Qiaozhen Su, Yan Zeng, Wai Yee Chan, Xianwei Su, Qiaodi Cai, Yanjuan Xu, Yingjun Chen, Mingbang Wang, Wai Sang Poon, Xiaodong Luo
Summary: The study found significant differences in gut microbiota between Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and controls, which were associated with abnormal inflammatory indicators, providing insights into the pathogenesis of the disease.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Deepa Gautam, Ulhas P. Naik, Meghna U. Naik, Santosh K. Yadav, Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia, Debabrata Dash
Summary: This paper explores the role of platelets in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, as well as the critical role of glutamate receptors in the pathophysiology of these diseases. By reviewing data from clinical trials, animal models, and cellular studies, it reveals the involvement of glutamate receptor dysfunction in neurodegenerative processes and provides an overview of current treatments, including glutamate receptor antagonists, for AD and PD.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Giovanni Abbruzzese, Paolo Barone, Leonardo Lopiano, Fabrizio Stocchi
Summary: Safinamide is a recently approved drug for fluctuating Parkinson's patients with a unique dual mechanism of action. Research suggests it can improve motor functions and fluctuations, as well as some non-motor symptoms, benefiting patients' quality of life.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter Jeon, Michael Mackinley, Jean Theberge, Lena Palaniyappan
Summary: Research using 7T magnetic resonance spectroscopy found a significant reduction in myo-inositol concentration in the ACC of untreated early-stage schizophrenia patients, which became insignificant over time with early intervention. This trajectory suggests dynamic astroglial changes in the early stages of schizophrenia, with MRS myo-inositol potentially serving as a critical marker for symptom improvement in early schizophrenia stages.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Cheng Zhao, Chunyu Wang, Hainan Zhang, Weiqian Yan
Summary: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease associated with multiple neurotransmitter pathways. Glutamate, the central excitatory neurotransmitter, plays a critical role in neuronal activity control. This review highlights the role of vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) in neurotransmitter and synaptic communication, as well as the significant alterations in Glutamate transmission and VGLUTs levels in PD.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sven B. Hinca, Claudia Salcedo, Antonie Wagner, Charlotte Goldeman, Edris Sadat, Marco M. D. Aibar, Pierre Maechler, Birger Brodin, Blanca I. Aldana, Hans C. C. Helms
Summary: The study demonstrates that brain endothelial cells have the ability to directly uptake and metabolize glutamate, utilizing the resulting alpha-ketoglutarate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle to produce ATP. The presence of GDH in endothelial cells plays a crucial role in glutamate metabolism and energy production, highlighting the importance of endothelial cells in maintaining brain glutamate homeostasis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2021)