Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Leviel Fluhr, Uria Mor, Aleksandra A. Kolodziejczyk, Mally Dori-Bachash, Avner Leshem, Shlomik Itav, Yotam Cohen, Jotham Suez, Niv Zmora, Claudia Moresi, Shahar Molina, Niv Ayalon, Rafael Valdes-Mas, Shanni Hornstein, Hodaya Karbi, Denise Kviatcovsky, Adi Livne, Aurelie Bukimer, Shimrit Eliyahu-Miller, Alona Metz, Alexander Brandis, Tevie Mehlman, Yael Kuperman, Michael Tsoory, Noa Stettner, Alon Harmelin, Hagit Shapiro, Eran Elinav
Summary: Smoking and cessation induce a dysbiotic state in the intestines, leading to weight gain. Depletion of gut microbiota induced by antibiotics prevents weight gain after smoking cessation.
Review
Psychiatry
Nour Shaheen, Ahmed Shaheen, Rehab Adel Diab, Abdelrahman M. Saad, Omar Ahmed Abdelwahab, Sama Soliman, Mahmoud Tarek Hefnawy, Alaa Ramadan, Mostafa Meshref, Abdulqadir J. Nashwan
Summary: This study demonstrates a correlation between smoking and serum leptin/ghrelin levels, which explains smoking's effect on body weight.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Camilla O. D. Araujo, Renan M. Montenegro, Amanda P. Pedroso, Virginia O. Fernandes, Ana Paula D. R. Montenegro, Annelise B. de Carvalho, Lila M. Oyama, Carla S. C. Maia, Eliane B. Ribeiro
Summary: This study found that patients with congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL) have appetite disturbances compared to eutrophic individuals, with lower fasting acylated ghrelin levels and no physiological drop after meal intake. These disturbances seem to play a role in hunger attenuation and satiety, but not in acute satiation.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ryeo-Eun Go, Sung-Moo Lee, Young-Jun Shin, Min-Seok Kim, Chul-Min Park, Eul-Bee Ko, Soochong Kim, Kyung-Chul Choi
Summary: Cigarette smoke substances can cause various diseases, but evaluating their toxicity is challenging. This study compared the sensitivity of two animal models to cigarette smoke and identified the optimal exposure time in the lung injury rat model.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Nan Meng, Yanhong Dong, Tiantian Huo, Meiyi Song, Xin Jiang, Yining Xiao, Peiyuan Lv
Summary: Smoking is a risk factor for dementia, and quitting smoking can partially restore cognitive function but still below the level of never smokers. The effects of smoking cessation combined with cerebral chronic hypoperfusion on cognitive function have not been previously described.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Simone N. De Luca, Kurt Brassington, Stanley M. H. Chan, Aleksandar Dobric, Kevin Mou, Huei Jiunn Seow, Ross Vlahos
Summary: The study revealed that smoking can impair pulmonary and neurocognitive functions, leading to memory deficits and microglial activation. While smoking cessation can reduce lung inflammation, its effectiveness in improving memory deficits and microglial activation remains uncertain. Antioxidant therapy may help prevent smoking-induced memory impairment.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Silvia Barja-Fernandez, Javier Lugilde, Cecilia Castelao, Rocio Vazquez-Cobela, Luisa M. Seoane, Carlos Dieguez, Rosaura Leis, Sulay Tovar
Summary: This study found a sexual dimorphism in LEAP-2 levels in children and adolescents, with higher levels in girls than in boys, and significant increase during puberty in girls. LEAP-2 was positively correlated with insulin, IGF-1, HOMA-IR, triglycerides in girls, and with leptin in boys.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tania Sanchez-Murguia, Nathaly Torres-Castillo, Lisset Magana-de la Vega, Sarai Citlalic Rodriguez-Reyes, Wendy Campos-Perez, Erika Martinez-Lopez
Summary: This study analyzed the relationship between polymorphisms in ghrelin and leptin receptor genes and dietary intake and appetite assessment. The results showed that these polymorphisms were associated with differential responses to a standardized meal, characterized by higher postprandial ghrelin levels and increased dietary sugar intake.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sung-Moo Lee, Young-Jun Shin, Ryeo-Eun Go, Seon-Hee Bae, Cho-Won Kim, Soochong Kim, Min-Seok Kim, Kyung-Chul Choi
Summary: Exposure to cigarette smoke can exacerbate lung injury induced by bleomycin and lipopolysaccharide in rats, leading to inflammatory cell recruitment and increased expression of cytokines in the lung tissues. This study demonstrates that repeated exposure to cigarette smoke may worsen the progression of lung disease.
Review
Physiology
Marta Schiliro, Elizabeth R. Vogel, Lucia Paolini, Christina M. Pabelick
Summary: The detrimental effects of tobacco exposure on children's health are well known, and the prevalence of secondhand or direct cigarette smoke exposure in the pediatric population has not significantly decreased over time. Additionally, the rapid increase in e-cigarette use among adolescents has raised public health concerns.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Javier Lugilde, Sabela Casado, Daniel Beiroa, Juan Cunarro, Montserrat Garcia-Lavandeira, Clara V. alvarez, Ruben Nogueiras, Carlos Dieguez, Sulay Tovar
Summary: Recent data shows that ghrelin and liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP-2) have opposite roles in food intake. LEAP-2 inhibits fasting-induced food intake, especially in lean, obese, and high-fat diet-exposed animals. LEAP-2 administration also inhibits ghrelin-induced food intake in various experimental models. The inhibitory effect on glucose levels is observed in specific experimental models, suggesting different mechanisms are involved.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Seung Hoon Kim, Minah Park, Gyu Ri Kim, Hye Jin Joo, Sung-In Jang
Summary: Mixed use of electronic and conventional cigarettes and exposure to secondhand smoke increase the risk of prediabetes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ingrid Allagbe, Marianne Zeller, Daniel Thomas, Guillaume Airagnes, Frederic Limosin, Abdelali Boussadi, Frederic Chague, Anne-Laurence Le Faou
Summary: This study found that female smokers at high cardiovascular risk were younger and more educated compared to male smokers. Although women had slightly lower burden of cardiovascular risk factors, they had higher rates of obesity and respiratory diseases, and a lower abstinence rate.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Caner Caglar, Jeffrey Friedman
Summary: Activation of PPP1R17 neurons in Leptin-deficient mice does not increase food intake as hypothesized, but instead decreases it, suggesting these neurons play a role in limiting overconsumption. The neurons in the DMH expressing PPP1R17 are indirectly affected by Leptin and serve to constrain binge eating behavior.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Kaitlin E. Burch, Kelly McCracken, Daniel J. Buck, Randall L. Davis, Dusti K. Sloan, Kathleen S. Curtis
Summary: Research suggests that weight gain after ovariectomy is associated with selective changes in metabolic hormone signaling in the CNS, including alterations in insulin and leptin receptors in different brain areas, potentially impacting weight regulation.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Evgenia Synolaki, Vasileios Papadopoulos, Georgios Divolis, Olga Tsahouridou, Efstratios Gavriilidis, Georgia Loli, Ariana Gavriil, Christina Tsigalou, Nikolaos R. Tziolos, Eleni Sertaridou, Bhanu Kalra, Ajay Kumar, Petros Rafailidis, Arja Pasternack, Dimitrios T. Boumpas, Georgios Germanidis, Olli Ritvos, Simeon Metallidis, Panagiotis Skendros, Paschalis Sideras
Summary: This study revealed a significant dysregulation of the activin/follistatin axis during the course of COVID-19, which correlated with disease severity and mortality. The introduced scoring system FACT-CLINYCoD efficiently predicted fatal outcomes of COVID-19 patients.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Elisavet Stavropoulou, Konstantia Kantartzi, Christina Tsigalou, Theocharis Konstantinidis, Chrissoula Voidarou, Theodoros Konstantinidis, Eugenia Bezirtzoglou
Summary: Recent scientific data has shown the presence of a microbial microbiota in the lungs of healthy individuals, and advancements in technology, including genome sequencing methodologies, have helped identify the role of gut and lung microbiomes in respiratory disease development. Imbalances in gut microbiota can influence lung immunity and microbiome, impacting the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases. This interconnection may also play a role in the progression and physiopathology of newly emerged COVID-19.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Eugenia Bezirtzoglou, Elisavet Stavropoulou, Konstantina Kantartzi, Christina Tsigalou, Chrysa Voidarou, Gregoria Mitropoulou, Ioanna Prapa, Valentini Santarmaki, Vasiliki Kompoura, Amalia E. Yanni, Maria Antoniadou, Theodoros Varzakas, Yiannis Kourkoutas
Summary: The incidence of diabetes has increased due to environmental factors and the impact of gut microbiota, making the restoration of normal microbiota composition a new target for prevention and treatment. Functional food diet is highlighted as a potential tool for inhibiting and managing the disease by maintaining intestinal health and microbial flora diversity and functionality.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anna-Maria Xanthopoulou, Christina Tsigalou, George Chalikias, Adina Thomaidis, Dimitrios Stakos, Emmanouil Kakoudakis, Maria Panopoulou, Stavros Konstantinides, Dimitrios Tziakas
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Natalia Vallianou, Maria Dalamaga, Theodora Stratigou, Irene Karampela, Christina Tsigalou
Summary: The majority of animal studies and meta-analyses of human studies suggest a link between exposure to antibiotics, particularly early in life, and subsequent development of obesity due to alterations in the gut microbiota. Evidence in humans is inconclusive, necessitating well-designed, long-term longitudinal studies to examine this association further. Further large-scale, longer-term, longitudinal studies and randomized controlled trials in humans are needed to evaluate the causal relationship between early exposure to antibiotics and the subsequent development of overweight/obesity, as well as to assess the potential therapeutic interventions for prevention and management of obesity.
CURRENT OBESITY REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Elisavet Stavropoulou, Konstantia Kantartzi, Christina Tsigalou, Konstantina Aftzoglou, Chrysa Voidarou, Theocharis Konstantinidis, Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc, Elias Thodis, Eugenia Bezirtzoglou
Summary: The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in predicting characteristic shifts in disease states and is associated with the pathogenesis of various renal diseases. Aging leads to specific changes in the human microbiome, predisposing it to inflammaging, sarcopenia, and disease.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Christina Tsigalou, Maria Panopoulou, Charalambos Papadopoulos, Alexandros Karvelas, Dimitrios Tsairidis, Konstantinos Anagnostopoulos
Summary: This study demonstrated that machine learning methods outperformed traditional equations in determining LDL, but classification accuracy still needs improvement. Direct determination of LDL values is the preferred method, with machine learning as a good alternative when direct determination is not available.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valeria Iliadi, Ina Konstantinidou, Konstantina Aftzoglou, Sergios Iliadis, Theocharis G. Konstantinidis, Christina Tsigalou
Summary: Neutrophils play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 by promoting thrombus formation, platelet aggregation, and cell damage, as well as participating in the development of endothelitis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Panagiotis D. Papadopoulos, Christina Tsigalou, Pipitsa N. Valsamaki, Theocharis G. Konstantinidis, Chrysoula Voidarou, Eugenia Bezirtzoglou
Summary: The collection of normal microorganisms in our gut plays a significant role in our health, while dysbiosis in the gut microbial pool has been proven to be crucial in the pathophysiology of various diseases, including cardiovascular disease. In addition to traditional risk factors, research has also highlighted the involvement of gut bacteria and their metabolites in the pathogenesis of CVD.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Natalia Vaou, Elisavet Stavropoulou, Chrysoula (Chrysa) Voidarou, Zacharias Tsakris, Georgios Rozos, Christina Tsigalou, Eugenia Bezirtzoglou
Summary: This study is a critical review of the current scientific literature on the combined effects of plant-derived extracts/bioactive compounds, with a focus on antimicrobial synergistic or antagonistic combinations. It discusses the challenges and future perspectives surrounding combination effects and the utilization of bioactive compounds from medicinal plant extracts as antimicrobials. The understanding of the interactions between medicinal plant-derived bioactive compounds will lead to the development of new combination antimicrobial therapies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fotios Drakopanagiotakis, Elisavet Stavropoulou, Christina Tsigalou, Evangelia Nena, Paschalis Steiropoulos
Summary: The microbiome plays a crucial role in triggering and maintaining immune-mediated diseases in connective tissue diseases and pulmonary vasculitis. However, current research data are limited, and further studies are needed.
Review
Microbiology
Gregoria Mitropoulou, Elisavet Stavropoulou, Natalia Vaou, Zacharias Tsakris, Chrysa Voidarou, Arsenis Tsiotsias, Christina Tsigalou, Birce Mercanoglou Taban, Yiannis Kourkoutas, Eugenia Bezirtzoglou
Summary: Plants, with their fiber and phenolic content, as well as their biological potential, have long been recognized for their role in promoting health. The bioactive derivatives of medicinal plants are valuable in the fight against serious diseases worldwide. This review emphasizes the current knowledge on the usage and medicinal applications of plant bioactives, including their impact on human gut microbiota and their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory potentials, which deserve further exploration.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Georgios Vakadaris, Christos Stefanis, Elpida Giorgi, Merkourios Brouvalis, Chrysoula (Chrysa) Voidarou, Yiannis Kourkoutas, Christina Tsigalou, Eugenia Bezirtzoglou
Summary: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The efficacy of probiotics in treating these diseases is controversial. Our review found that probiotics were more effective in achieving or maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis compared to placebo. However, more research is needed to determine their efficacy in Crohn's disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gioulia Romanidou, Theocharis G. Konstantinidis, Anastasia-Maria Natsi, Konstantia Kantartzi, Maria Panopoulou, Emmanouil Kontomanolis, Christina Tsigalou, Maria Lambropoulou, Eleni Gavriilaki, Stylianos Panagoutsos, Ploumis Pasadakis, Ioannis Mitroulis
Summary: HELLP syndrome, a life-threatening complication of pregnancy, is often related to preeclampsia. However, there is currently no biomarker available for the early identification of pregnant women with preeclampsia who are at an increased risk of developing HELLP syndrome. This study demonstrates that circulating levels of developmental endothelial locus-1 (DEL-1) are decreased in patients with HELLP syndrome compared to those with preeclampsia. DEL-1 levels are also negatively associated with kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) levels. The findings suggest that DEL-1 could potentially be used as a biomarker to distinguish between HELLP syndrome and preeclampsia. Further investigation is needed to confirm these results.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Theocharis Konstantinidis, Stavroula Zisaki, Ioannis Mitroulis, Dimitrios Cassimos, Ioanna Nanousi, Eftychia G. Kontekaki, Vasilis Petrakis, Kalliopi Parrisi, Eleni Fotiadou, Aikaterini Linardou, Nikolaos Lemonakis, Anastasia Grapsa, Theodora Gioka, Leonidas Lazidis, Charalampos Papagoras, Chistina Tsigalou, Periklis Panagopoulos, Panagiotis Skendros, Georges Martinis, Maria Panopoulou
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of different automated immunoassays in Europe for detecting anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among healthcare workers in Northern Greece. The results showed a high sensitivity and specificity of both CLIA and ELISA methods in confirmed COVID-19 patients.