Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Marcos Perez-Nogues, Javier Lopez-Sanroman, Michael Spirito, Gabriel Manso-Diaz
Summary: Subchondral cystic lesions (SCLs) are bone diseases that develop in young horses and can lead to lameness and poor performance. This study compared four treatments for SCLs in horses and found similar prognoses. Horses with larger SCLs had lower racing performance.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Frances J. Peat, Christopher E. Kawcak, C. Wayne McIlwraith, David P. Keenan, Jeffrey T. Berk, Daniel S. Mork
Summary: This study aims to investigate the occurrence of subchondral lucencies (SCLs) in the distal aspect of the medial femoral condyle (MFC) in one- to two-year-old thoroughbred horses, as well as the impact of these lesions on future racing performance. The study found a low prevalence of MFC lesions in the surveyed age group, with most grade 1 lesions resolving or remaining static by two-year-old sales, and grade 2 and 3 lesions having the possibility of improving one grade between sales. Furthermore, there was no evidence to suggest worse performance for horses with MFC lesions compared to unaffected peers.
EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Chelsea E. Klein, Lawrence R. Bramlage, Darko Stefanovski, Alan J. Ruggles, Rolf M. Embertson, Scott A. Hopper
Summary: This study compared three different treatment methods for medial femoral condyle subchondral cystic lesions in horses, and found that the ability of the horses to race post-treatment was not affected by any of the treatment methods.
VETERINARY SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Josephine Faulkner, Katrien Vanderperren, Luc Duchateau, Chris O'Sullivan
Summary: The radiographic prevalence of juvenile osteochondral conditions (JOC) in the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) of Australian Thoroughbred racehorse yearlings is 6.3%. Certain characteristics of these lesions may be associated with decreased racing performance.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Duncan J. Pearce, Peta L. Hitchens, Fatemeh Malekipour, Babatunde Ayodele, Peter Vee Sin Lee, R. Chris Whitton
Summary: This study investigated the mechanical and structural properties of equine subchondral bone. The findings suggest that the superficial layer of the bone is less stiff than the deeper layer, despite differences in bone density and damage levels. The superficial layer plays an important role in energy dissipation, but it is unclear whether this is a specific adaptation or a result of microdamage accumulation.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Nolan M. Norton, Elizabeth Santschi, Kenneth J. Fischer
Summary: The etiology of subchondral bone cysts (SBCs) is not fully understood, but mechanical trauma and fluid pressure are believed to be two mechanisms for their formation and growth. Using a model of equine stifle joint, it was found that shear stresses are likely the cause of failure for the subchondral bone, not pressurized fluid from the joint. Additionally, fluid pressure must rise above what is likely to occur in vivo to increase bone shear stress.
ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shihua Zhang, Tingting Li, Yao Feng, Keping Zhang, Jun Zou, Xiquan Weng, Yu Yuan, Lan Zhang
Summary: Articular cartilage degeneration causes various joint diseases, with osteoarthritis being the most typical. Osteoarthritis is characterized by cartilage degeneration and persistent pain, impacting patient's quality of life and placing a burden on society. The occurrence and development of osteoarthritis is connected to subchondral bone microenvironment disorder. Exercise can improve the subchondral bone microenvironment, but the specific mechanism remains unclear.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Marilia Ferrari Marsiglia, Ana Lucia Miluzzi Yamada, Fernanda Rodrigues Agreste, Lilian Rose Marques de Sa, Rodrigo Tavares Nieman, Luis Claudio Lopes Correia da Silva
Summary: This study aimed to describe the imaging characteristics of the equine joint surface and subchondral bone in order to improve the detection of injuries or adaptations in racehorses. The findings showed that ultrasound images were most closely related to histological examination in terms of sensitivity, while macroscopic and radiographic examinations differed the most between evaluators. Moreover, the irregularities and modifications observed in the articular cartilage surface and subchondral bone were normal adaptations of trained racehorses' anatomical structures.
ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Feng Zhou, Xuequan Han, Liao Wang, Weituo Zhang, Junqi Cui, Zihao He, Kai Xie, Xu Jiang, Jingke Du, Songtao Ai, Qi Sun, Haishan Wu, Zhifeng Yu, Mengning Yan
Summary: The study showed that in the group with subchondral cysts, patients had increased osteoclastogenesis and nerve distribution in subchondral bone, leading to increased joint pain. The volume of subchondral cyst-like component was associated with joint pain, and subchondral osteoclastogenesis and nerve distribution were positively correlated with joint pain in this group.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRANSLATION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yea-Rin Lee, David M. Findlay, Dzenita Muratovic, Julia S. Kuliwaba
Summary: The study revealed that tibial BMLs in advanced KOA patients are characterized by significantly hypo-mineralised subchondral bone compared with CTL, with increased bone remodelling in OA-BML. These changes may influence the mechanical properties of the subchondral bone and have implications for the overlying cartilage.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Thibeaut Lemirre, Elizabeth M. Santschi, Christiane A. Girard, Ursula Fogarty, Jennifer G. Janes, Helene Richard, Sheila Laverty
Summary: The research on equine medial femoral condyle (MFC) subchondral bone radiolucencies (SR) in Thoroughbreds found that these lesions are not caused by osteochondrosis, but may be attributed to trauma.
EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Justine M. Cianci, Kathryn B. Wulster, Dean W. Richardson, Darko Stefanovski, Kyla F. Ortved
Summary: The study investigated the impact of fracture characteristics and concurrent subchondral bone pathology on the racing performance of Thoroughbred racehorses with fractures of the MC3/MT3 lateral condyle. It found that horses with sesamoid bone fractures, condylar comminution, and intra-articular fragmentation were less likely to race postoperatively. The use of computed tomography for preoperative evaluation and prognostication was also emphasized.
VETERINARY SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Alexandra L. Curtiss, Kyla F. Ortved, Barbara Dallap-Schaer, Sergei Gouzeev, Darko Stefanovski, Dean W. Richardson, Kathryn B. Wulster
Summary: The study validated the effectiveness of standing CBCT in identifying subchondral bone lesions in Thoroughbred fetlocks through comparison with different computed tomography techniques. High interobserver and intermodality agreement demonstrated the potential advantage of CBCT in detecting bone pathology.
EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
A. Nakasone, Y. Guang, A. Wise, L. Kim, J. Babbin, S. Rathod, A. J. Mitchell, L. C. Gerstenfeld, E. F. Morgan
Summary: This study used various analysis methods to investigate the characteristics and influencing factors of subchondral bone cysts (SBCs) in the hip joint, and found that SBCs were associated with abnormalities in bone density and cartilage thickness.
OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hengli Lu, Jihu Wei, Kaiyuan Liu, Zihua Li, Tianyang Xu, Dong Yang, Qiuming Gao, Huijing Xiang, Guodong Li, Yu Chen
Summary: A dual-functional medication has been developed to protect cartilage and repair subchondral bone simultaneously. Black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) effectively eliminate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), restore chondrocyte function, and regulate inflammation, providing disease-modifying effects on osteoarthritis (OA). In vivo assessments confirm that BPNSs inhibit cartilage degradation and prevent OA progression, making them a competitive candidate for OA treatment.