Article
Plant Sciences
Eloisa Agueera, Purificacion de la Haba
Summary: Ongoing climate change impacts plant biochemical, biological, and morphogenetic processes, leading to alterations in crop development and productivity. Studying the physiological and metabolic changes in plants due to elevated CO2 levels and increased temperatures is crucial for understanding their stress response and overall impact on plant productivity in the face of environmental modifications.
Article
Plant Sciences
Amber R. Jolly, Joseph Zailaa, Ugbad Farah, Janty Woojuh, Felicia Makaya Libifani, Darlene Arzate, Christian Alex Caranto, Zayra Correa, Jose Cuba, Josephina Diaz Calderon, Nancy Garcia, Laura Gastelum, Ivette Gutierrez, Matthew Haro, Monserrat Orozco, Jessica Lamban Pinlac, Andoni Miranda, Justin Nava, Christina Nguyen, Edgar Pedroza, Jennyfer Perdomo, Scott Pezzini, Ho Yuen, Christine Scoffoni
Summary: This study investigated the variation in leaf physiology, morphology, and anatomy of Yucca brevifolia and Hesperoyucca whipplei in different microclimates of the Mojave Desert. It found differences in stomatal conductance and leaf thickness, with H. whipplei displaying a higher water conservation strategy than Y. brevifolia. These differences were related to variations in leaf venation and leaf width.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Aikaterini Molla, Georgios Charvalas, Maria Dereka, Elpiniki Skoufogianni
Summary: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different soil tillage practices on sunflower cultivation in a rotation system with intercropping of Triticosecale-Pisum sativum. The results showed that the no tillage practice had positive effects on plant height, leaf area index, specific leaf area, plants' total nitrogen, protein content, and N-uptake.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Issam Saidi, Fatma Guesmi, Oussama Kharbech, Najla Hfaiedh, Wahbi Djebali
Summary: Pre-soaking seeds with gallic acid can significantly reduce Cd uptake, alleviate plant growth inhibition, mitigate oxidative damages caused by the metal, enhance the antioxidant defense system, and improve leaf membrane stability in sunflower seedlings subjected to Cd stress.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Waclaw Jarecki
Summary: Sunflower is a good alternative crop for rotation and can be grown in light soils. The application of higher nitrogen doses and additional foliar fertilization positively affects the plant characteristics, yield, and quality of sunflower achenes.
Article
Agronomy
Susan M. Thompson, Stephen M. Neate, Thomas J. Gulya, Elizabeth A. B. Aitken
Summary: Diaporthe gulyae, a highly virulent pathogen, was first identified in stem lesions and mid-stem lodging on sunflower in Australia and has since been reported in Argentina, Canada, China, and North America. This report presents the first observations of sunflower leaf infection by D. gulyae in the field and confirms the leaf-to-stem infection pathway through glasshouse experiments. The study also shows that capitula tissues and seed can be infected by D. gulyae following stem infection. The similarity in symptoms caused by D. gulyae and D. helianthi highlight the challenges in differentiating these species in the field.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ashley M. Earley, Andries A. Temme, Christopher R. Cotter, John M. Burke
Summary: This study explores the variation and covariation patterns of leaf anatomical traits in cultivated sunflower and analyzes their genetic architecture through genome-wide association analysis. The results reveal significant correlations between different leaf traits that are consistent with functional relationships. Principal component analysis separates correlated traits into several major axes with significant genetic associations. These findings provide insights into the genetic basis of leaf trait covariation and suggest potential targets for modifying leaf anatomical traits in sunflower.
Article
Agronomy
Yu Cheng, Min Luo, Tonggang Zhang, Sihui Yan, Chun Wang, Hao Feng, Tibin Zhang, Isaya Kisekka
Summary: Organic substitution is an effective approach to address soil degradation caused by excessive chemical fertilizer use. This study evaluated the effects of different organic substitution proportions on saline-sodic soil properties and sunflower growth, and recommended a 50% organic substitution ratio for optimal results.
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Javed Shabbir Dar, Mumtaz Akhtar Cheema, Muhammad Ishaq Asif Rehmani, Shahnwaz Khuhro, Shahjahan Rajput, Ahmad Latif Virk, Sajid Hussain, Muhammad Amjad Bashir, Suliman M. Alghanem, Fahad Mohammed Al-Zuaibr, Mohammad Javed Ansari, Kamel Hessini
Summary: Water scarcity is a major concern for sunflower production in arid regions, and potassium application has been found to alleviate the impact of drought stress on plant growth and seed quality. Providing an optimum amount of potassium can help mitigate the adverse effects of water stress and improve yield and seed quality, especially during early growth stages.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Necati cetin, Kevser Karaman, Erman Beyzi, Cevdet Saglam, Bahadir Demirel
Summary: Sunflower seeds are rich in oil and oleic acid, with valuable nutritional properties, and are resistant to dry conditions. Machine learning algorithms effectively assess the classification performance and characteristic properties of different sunflower seed varieties. MANOVA, discriminant analysis, and statistical results reveal significant differences in the physical attributes of sunflower varieties.
FOOD ANALYTICAL METHODS
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiao-Qian Wang, Hu Sun, Zhi-Lan Zeng, Wei Huang
Summary: Nitrogen and water are essential resources for leaf photosynthesis and plant growth. The photosynthetic capacity of leaves within branches gradually increases from shade to sun leaves, accompanied by increased stomatal conductance and leaf nitrogen content. The adjustment of nitrogen and water investments within branches is important for optimizing photosynthetic carbon gain and nitrogen use efficiency.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Dhanalakshmi Rajeshwaran, Manivannan Narayana, Viswanathan Palaniappan, Sasikala Ramasamy, Rajendran Lingan, Senthivelu Muniyandi
Summary: This study identified a QTL associated with powdery mildew resistance in sunflower using a genetic mapping population and validated two flanking markers for marker-assisted breeding programs. Candidate gene analysis revealed several candidate genes involved in plant pathogen defense mechanisms.
Article
Soil Science
Bo Yang, Jirui Gong, Xiaobing Li, Zihe Zhang, Jiayu Shi, Biao Wang, Weiyuan Zhang, Yingying Liu
Summary: Based on a regional-scale field experiment, we found that light grazing and fencing management were more beneficial to carbon sequestration in desert steppe. Rising temperature decreases carbon storage, while rising precipitation promotes carbon sequestration. Soil nitrogen content plays an important role in the driving mechanism of carbon sequestration in desert steppe. These findings enhance our understanding of carbon storage and sequestration dynamics in desert steppe and are critical for improving the sustainability of grassland ecosystem services and carbon management.
APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Ding He, Victor H. Rivera-Monroy, Rudolf Jaffe, Xiaochen Zhao
Summary: Distinct differences in green leaves wax n-alkane delta(13)(delta C-13(n-alkane)) values and brown-senescent leaves C:N atomic ratios and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations of three mangrove species reflect ecophysiological adaptations to nutrient availability and salinity. Isotopic footprints and bulk delta C-13 values in different species along estuarine salinity regions suggest potential for using leaf wax n-alkane delta C-13 values as a salinity proxy for paleoclimate reconstruction.
ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jun Liu, Yang Sun, Wenjian Liu, Zifeng Tan, Jingmin Jiang, Yanjie Li
Summary: The study demonstrated that spectroscopy can accurately quantify leaf nutrition traits and predict genetic variation, providing a promising tool for improving leaf nutrition traits through breeding selections.
Article
Water Resources
J. Merks, C. Photiadou, F. Ludwig, B. Arheimer
Summary: This study investigates the comparability of climate impact indicators (CIIs) in the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) with other global data for water and climate. It found that temperature datasets are comparable, but significant discrepancies exist in precipitation indicators. The study suggests using hydrological model ensembles and improved model selection criteria to ensure high-quality global water and climate services.
HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Ailene MacPherson, Silu Wang, Ryo Yamaguchi, Loren H. Rieseberg, Sarah P. Otto
Summary: Population genomic analysis is crucial for understanding the evolution of reproductive isolation in hybrid zones, and it is important to account for historical population expansion in order to explain genetic and fitness patterns accurately.
AMERICAN NATURALIST
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
A. Lovisa S. Gustafsson, Galina Gussarova, Liv Borgen, Hajime Ikeda, Alexandre Antonelli, Lucas Marie-Orleach, Loren H. Rieseberg, Christian Brochmann
Summary: This study finds that post-zygotic reproductive isolation is common in Arctic flora, and this may be associated with glacial cycles and selfing mating systems.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Loren Rieseberg, Emily Warschefsky, Bridget O'Boyle, Pierre Taberlet, Daniel Ortiz-Barrientos, Nolan C. Kane, Benjamin Sibbett
Article
Biology
Marco Todesco, Natalia Bercovich, Amy Kim, Ivana Imerovski, Gregory L. Owens, Oscar Dorado Ruiz, Srinidhi Holalu, Lufiani L. Madilao, Mojtaba Jahani, Jean-Sebastien Legare, Benjamin K. Blackman, Loren H. Rieseberg
Summary: Flowers play a crucial role in pollination and water regulation for plants. UV patterns attract pollinators and help plants conserve water. This study is significant for improving pollination and resilience in cultivated plants.
Article
Water Resources
Maria del Pozo, Judith Gulikers, Erik van Slobbe, Perry den Brok, Fulco Ludwig
Summary: The current practice of creating climate services lacks clear collaboration between providers and users, which poses a challenge for the educational design of capacity-building programs. This study analyzes the formation of educational principles in climate service training courses and identifies issues related to learning goals, case studies, and assessments. The findings highlight the need to involve users more effectively in the creation of climate services and emphasize the importance of educational disciplines in capacity building.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
April M. Goebl, Nolan C. Kane, Daniel F. Doak, Loren H. Rieseberg, Kate L. Ostevik
Summary: Studying conspecific populations living in different microenvironments is important for understanding natural selection. In this study, two sunflower ecotypes in different habitats were investigated to estimate fitness and allele frequency change at different life stages. It was found that habitat- and life stage-specific selection contribute to the maintenance of divergent adaptation between populations.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Loren Rieseberg, Emily Warschefsky, Daniel Ortiz-Barrientos, Nolan C. Kane, Kiimberley Thresher, Benjamin Sibbett
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Natalia Bercovich, Nikita Genze, Marco Todesco, Gregory L. Owens, Jean-Sebastien Legare, Kaichi Huang, Loren H. Rieseberg, Dominik G. Grimm
Summary: This study established a public database based on wild and cultivated sunflower individuals, containing various phenotypic data and genomic information, which is of great value for plant research and the agricultural sector.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dan G. Bock, Jianquan Liu, Polina Novikova, Loren H. Rieseberg
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Susan R. McCouch, Loren H. Rieseberg
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dan G. Bock, Zhe Cai, Cassandra Elphinstone, Eric Gonzalez-Segovia, Kaede Hirabayashi, Kaichi Huang, Graeme L. Keais, Amy Kim, Gregory L. Owens, Loren H. Rieseberg
Summary: Studies of plants have played a crucial role in understanding the origin and evolution of species. Recent advances in genomic sequencing technologies have allowed researchers to delve deeper into the mechanisms of plant speciation. By analyzing genomic divergence, researchers can identify genetic loci that contribute to reproductive isolation and highlight the importance of structural variants in speciation. Furthermore, genomics has provided new evidence supporting some routes to speciation while casting doubt on others. While genomics can accelerate the identification of genes related to reproductive isolation, follow-up experimental validation remains essential.
PLANT COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lexuan Gao, Michael B. Kantar, Dylan Moxley, Daniel Ortiz-Barrientos, Loren H. Rieseberg
Summary: The disciplines of evolutionary biology and plant and animal breeding have been intertwined, with artificial selection yielding insights into natural selection, and evolutionary biology guiding modern breeding. This article offers an evolutionary perspective on the challenge of feeding humanity in the face of climate change. Promising strategies to adapt crops to climate change include matching crop varieties with environments, optimizing breeding goals and practices, and exploring new technologies. Evolutionary approaches can enhance these strategies by reconstructing crop evolution, detecting and mitigating deleterious mutations, and improving adaptation to agricultural environments. Continuing collaboration between evolution and crop biology communities is crucial for adapting crops to climate change.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Moriom Akter Mousumi, Spyridon Paparrizos, Md. Zafar Ahmed, Uthpal Kumar, Md. Ektear Uddin, Fulco Ludwig
Summary: Rice farmers in coastal Bangladesh are greatly affected by climate change and lack access to accurate weather and climate information. They need more specific information on temperatures, rainfall, humidity, cloud cover, fog, and wind to predict and manage rice diseases. Raising awareness and improving capacity through training is vital to address this issue.
NJAS-IMPACT IN AGRICULTURAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zia Mehrabi, Adriana Ignaciuk, Christian Levers, Ruth Delzeit, Ginni Braich, Kushank Bajaj, Araba Amo-Aidoo, Weston Anderson, Roland A. Balgah, Tim G. Benton, Martin M. Chari, Erle C. Ellis, Narcisse Z. Gahi, Franziska Gaupp, Lucas A. Garibaldi, James S. Gerber, Cecile M. Godde, Ingo Grass, Tobias Heimann, Mark Hirons, Gerrit Hoogenboom, Meha Jain, Dana James, David Makowski, Blessing Masamha, Sisi Meng, Sathaporn Monprapussorn, Daniel Mueller, Andrew Nelson, Nathaniel K. Newlands, Frederik Noack, MaryLucy Oronje, Colin Raymond, Markus Reichstein, Loren H. Rieseberg, Jose M. Rodriguez-Llanes, Todd Rosenstock, Pedram Rowhani, Ali Sarhadi, Ralf Seppelt, Balsher S. Sidhu, Sieglinde Snapp, Tammara Soma, Adam H. Sparks, Louise Teh, Michelle Tigchelaar, Martha M. Vogel, Paul C. West, Hannah Wittman, Liangzhi You
Summary: Extreme events, such as climate change, economic or geopolitical shocks, and pest or disease epidemics, pose significant challenges to global food security. By prioritizing threats and identifying research gaps, this study aims to guide research funding and resources towards transforming resilient food systems to mitigate major risks and food insecurity caused by extreme events.
