Article
Environmental Sciences
Ling Chang, Anurag Kulshrestha, Bin Zhang, Xu Zhang
Summary: This study aims to extract meaningful attributes of radar scatterers from SAR images, specifically PAZ images, to enhance the understanding of SAR data and the interpretation of deformation processes. The study proposes a new scheme to extract geometric, physical, and land-use attributes of coherent radar scatterers using time series InSAR techniques. The scheme includes converting radar scatterers in HH and VV to a common reference system and utilizing a Random Forest classification method to categorize scatterers based on scattering mechanisms. The scheme is demonstrated with 30 Spanish PAZ SAR images, and the extracted attributes are analyzed for data and deformation interpretation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
S. Robinson-Enebeli, S. Talebi-Moghaddam, K. J. Daun
Summary: This study presents the quantitative analysis of time-resolved laser-induced incandescence (TiRe-LII) measurements on aerosolized nickel nanoparticles, revealing evidence of nonincandescent laser-induced emission and higher laser energy absorption than expected. The inferred particle size parameters were consistent with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, while the thermal accommodation coefficients (TACs) for nickel nanoparticles in polyatomic gases were larger, potentially indicating chemisorption.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rahul A. Rajan, Huang Tao, Weili Yu, Jianjun Yang
Summary: Femtosecond laser processing of lead halide perovskites has been widely studied for creating micro/nanostructures and improving light emitting properties. This study investigates the photoluminescence and lasing behaviors of single crystal and polycrystalline perovskites upon femtosecond laser ablation. Different regions show different carrier recombination mechanisms due to their defect chemistries and morphologies, enabling the realization of amplified spontaneous emission. The laser modified region in polycrystalline perovskites exhibits enhanced random lasing performance due to defect passivation and grain size reduction.
MATERIALS TODAY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hao Tang, Wanyu Rengie Chan, Michael D. Sohn
Summary: The paper introduces an automated process for interpreting PM2.5 time-resolved data and differentiating PM2.5 emissions from indoor and outdoor sources. The study uses a machine learning approach to analyze a dataset of indoor emission events, showing model development and evaluation as the sample size and source vary. The characteristics of the dataset that help with source identification and the importance of data from many events and different apartments are discussed.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
J. Song, J. Won, W. Bang
Summary: Time-resolved analysis of Rayleigh scattering measurements was used to determine the average size of methane clusters and find the optimum timing for laser-cluster fusion experiments. The study also revealed the production of energetic deuterium ions after laser-cluster interaction, which was consistent with the predicted temperature from CD4 clusters.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Brenda Dolan, Pavlos Kollias, Susan C. van den Heever, Kristen L. Rasmussen, Mariko Oue, Edward Luke, Katia Lamer, Bernat P. Treserras, Ziad Haddad, Graeme Stephens, V. Chandrasekar
Summary: The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Investigations of Convective Updrafts (INCUS) mission aims to measure convective mass flux using changes in radar reflectivity. This study evaluates the INCUS measurement approach using high spatiotemporal resolution observations from surface-based radars, and confirms its effectiveness.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yiqun Ni, Xiangyang Li, Wenqing Liang, Shaofeng Zhang, Xuesong Xu, Zhenyuan Li, Ling Li, Yonghong Shao, Shuangchen Ruan, Wenfei Zhang
Summary: This study successfully prepared red emissive carbon dots with high quantum yield, attributed to their high oxidation degree and high ratio of hydroxyl functional groups on the surface. Utilizing these carbon dots, red emissive random lasing output was achieved at room temperature, and the transformation of random lasing to Fabry-Perot lasing was observed at high temperatures.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Archie F. A. Bott, Petros Tzeferacos, Laura Chen, Charlotte A. J. Palmer, Alexandra Rigby, Anthony R. Bell, Robert Bingham, Andrew Birkel, Carlo Graziani, Dustin H. Froula, Joseph Katz, Michel Koenig, Matthew W. Kunz, Chikang Li, Jena Meinecke, Francesco Miniati, Richard Petrasso, Hye-Sook Park, Bruce A. Remington, Brian Reville, J. Steven Ross, Dongsu Ryu, Dmitri Ryutov, Fredrick H. Seguin, Thomas G. White, Alexander A. Schekochihin, Donald Q. Lamb, Gianluca Gregori
Summary: Understanding magnetic field generation and amplification in turbulent plasma is crucial for explaining observations of magnetic fields in the universe. This study validates a theoretical framework for the origin and sustainment of these fields, and reports an experiment on laboratory plasma dynamo with Pm & 1. By characterizing plasma evolution and measuring various properties, it is shown that plasma turbulence from strong shear can generate fields more efficiently than previously thought, potentially explaining large-scale fields in astrophysical systems.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Yoshimitsu Kohama, Toshihiro Nomura, Sergei Zherlitsyn, Yoshihiko Ihara
Summary: This article discusses the time-resolved measurements performed in pulsed high magnetic fields, with a focus on recent technical breakthroughs in measurement and magnetic-field generation techniques. Successful examples of these measurements are presented, and their potential impact on current condensed matter research is discussed, along with the future direction of time-resolved measurements in pulsed magnetic fields.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Hyun-Joo Kim
Summary: This study describes the fractal nature of river networks using a stochastic model and uncovers their underlying mechanisms.
FRACTAL AND FRACTIONAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yongqiang Zhang, Jinping Wang, Lu Wang, Rui Fu, Laizhi Sui, Haoqiang Song, Yongsheng Hu, Siyu Lu
Summary: As a new solution-processable laser material, carbon dots (CDs) offer advantages of non-toxicity, low-cost, and high-stability, which are conducive to the sustainable development of miniaturized lasers. Full-color CDs (FC-CDs) with bright-blue, green, yellow, red, deep-red, and near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence are prepared. Their excellent properties make them suitable for high-quality, colorful, speckle-free laser imaging and dynamic holographic display.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Yaoxing Bian, Hanyi Xue, Zhaona Wang
Summary: A programmable random laser was designed to dynamically regulate random lasing pulses through introducing an external waveguide structure with random scattering feedback, achieving liquid and solid film random lasers separately. By switching the adhesion/separation state between the gain and the destroyed waveguide structure, various pulse time series of random lasing can be flexibly realized. The Feinam coding system is further realized for encryption and information transmission by combining programmable random pulses, expanding the application prospects of random lasers in various fields.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Seunggyu Yang, Kangwook Kim
Summary: A scattering probe with dual-polarization capability and high modulation depth (MD) was proposed for use in the modulated scatterer technique (MST) measurements. Shorted transmission lines (STLs) were loaded at the center of dipoles to achieve high MD values. The scattering probes were implemented on FR-4 substrates using PIN diode switches, blocking capacitors, and biasing structures, and demonstrated high MDs for both polarizations.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Adam G. Knight, Carlota Sieira Olivares, Maksymilian J. Roman, Daniel R. Moon, Paul D. Lane, Matthew L. Costen, Kenneth G. McKendrick
Summary: The effects of experimental parameter spreads on the reliability of speeds and angular distributions in a surface-scattering experiment were analyzed. A numerical model involving a pulsed beam of molecules impacting a surface and detecting the scattered products through laser-induced fluorescence was used. Monte Carlo sampling was employed to select realistic experimental parameters. The molecular-beam diameter to measurement distance ratio was identified as a crucial parameter, with negligibly distorted angular distributions observed at smaller ratios.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Bing Wang, Hongjuan Zeng, Yuexing Han
Summary: This paper proposes a dynamical immunization method based on the random-walk process in activity-driven time-varying networks, and predicts the epidemic threshold using mean-field theory. Simulation experiments show that the accuracy of the predicted threshold depends on the fraction of immunized nodes and the immunization observation time.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2022)
